2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第52期

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1、2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The world will be advancing with such great speed that our _ will look upon us and our time with a sense of superiority.问题1选项A.antecedentsB.descendantsC.predecessorsD.contemporaries【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. antecedents 祖先 B. descendants 后代C. predecessors 前人 D. cont

2、emporaries 同时代的人【考查点】语义衔接【解题思路】空格处前文提到“世界将以如此快的速度前进”，空格处为从句的主语，后文提到“会以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代”。“优越感”说明他们所处的时代比我们现在的时代要更好，而世界是不断进步的，因此，其主语应该是我们的后代，B选项descendants“后代”符合语义逻辑。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不能使原句前后语义衔接。【句意】世界将以如此巨大的速度前进，以至于我们的后代将以一种优越感看待我们和我们的时代。2. 单选题The 100 Aker Wood may look like a dark, forbidding place thes

3、e days for Michael D. Eisner. Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characterswhich represent at least $1 billion a year in revenues for Eisners Walt Disney Co.are in full revolt. A 12-years-old lawsuit, sealed in a Los Angeles court until January, has come to light,

4、and a series of court rulings threaten the media giant with hundreds of millions in overdue license payments and possibly the loss of one of its most lucrative properties.How large a hit Disney will take is still in dispute. Disney is appealing two rulings, including one alleging that company execut

5、ives knowingly destroyed important papers related to its licensing deals. The Pooh affair may seem minor at a time when Eisner is under attack for Disneys chronically weak stock price and ABCs anemic ratings, but the Disney chairman hardly needs more jostling from a Silly Old Bear. Whats more, the i

6、mpact could be significant. After acknowledging to the Securities Exchange Commission on Aug. 9 that “damages could total as much as several hundred million dollars” or the loss of the licensing agreement, Disney was hit with new shareholder lawsuits.Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and hi

7、s honey jar. Pooh is Disneys single largest property, says Martin Brockstein executive editor of The Licensing Letter. That adds up to about $100 million in operating earnings from royalties on Pooh T-shirts, backpacks, and other merchandise? Figures Gerard Klauer Matheson & Co. analyst Jeffrey Logs

8、don. Last year, Disney paid $352 million to one pair of heirs of Winnie-the-Pooh author A. A. Milne. But the family of Stephen A. Slesinger, a New York literary agent who bought the U. S. rights in 1930, says Disney owes them $200 million on licenses for T-shirts and other merchandise and has cut th

9、em entirely out of the lucrative videocassette and DVD arena. Headed by Shirley Slesinger Lasswell, an 80-year-old widow who travels with a Winnie-the-Pooh bear everywhere, the family contends it is owed close to $1 billion, say its lawyers. Disney, which says it pays the Slesingers $12 million a ye

10、ar, insists the $1 billion figure is a publicity stunt. “The 1930 contract says they get royalties on merchandise alone, not all exploitation,” says Disney attorney Daniel J. Petrocelli.The Slesingers also charge that Disney lost documents related to merchandise sales and destroyed others that exten

11、ded the accord to DVDs and videotapes. On June 18, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Ernest M. Hiroshige rejected the audit by a forensic accountant he thought unduly favored Disney and found that Disney “misused the discovery process” by hiding the fact that it destroyed documents that might have ex

12、panded the licensing agreement to tapes and DVDs.Absent those documentswhich include the papers of the late Disney Consumer Products chief Vincent Jefferdsthe case may hinge on the “mommy memo.” That memo, written in 1983 by Slesinger daughter Patricia to her mother, Shirley, describes a meeting wit

13、h Jefferds at the Beverly Hills Hotel at which Jefferds allegedly told Patricia “that videos and all these new things were covered and to shut up about it,” according to court documents. Because Disney destroyed Jefferds letters, Judge Hiroshige ruled that Disney is barred from “introducing evidence

14、 disputing” the familys contention that they were entitled to royalties on videocassettes. Disney is appealing the ruling.Settlement seems unlikely among the parties. One obstacle: the still-simmering animosity toward Slesinger lawyer Bertram Fields, who won a $250 million settlement for former Disn

15、ey studio Chief Jeffrey Katzenberg in a hyper-charged 1999 case. This time, the character may be soft and fuzzy, but the payout could be bigger. For Eisner, Pooh is becoming one Very Big Bother.1. The expression “in full revolt” in the sentence “Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live,

16、and the cartoon characters., are in full revolt.” (Para. 1) implies that _.2. The word “anemic” in the expression “Eisner is under attack for., ABCs anemic ratings” (Para. 2) can be paraphrased as _.3. The sentence “Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. (Para. 3) can best be

17、explained as which of the following?4. Why does the author say that Disneys case may “hinge on the mommy memo”?5. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?问题1选项A.the cartoon characters are no longer popularB.Disney is seriously involved in lawsuitsC.they show the sign of defeat of

18、 Disney in lawsuitsD.the cartoon characters no longer play positive roles问题2选项A.flexibleB.changingC.steadyD.declining问题3选项A.Disney wants to take back the bear so as to make more honey.B.Disney wants to take control of its cartoon characters.C.Disney wants to keep the most profitable property Winnie

19、the Pooh.D.Disney wants to win the 12-year-old lawsuit.问题4选项A.Because Disney has been barred from introducing further evidence.B.Because the documents related to Disneys merchandise sales cannot be found.C.Because this might be the only document revealing Disneys original attitude.D.Because Slesinge

20、r daughter faithfully recorded Jefferds words.问题5选项A.Disney has introduced convincing evidence to defend itself.B.Disney has destroyed some important papers on purpose.C.Disney has lost in the 1999 case with Jeffrey Katzenberg.D.The stock price of Disney has been going down for a period of time.【答案】

21、第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1. 【选项释义】The expression “in full revolt” in the sentence “Thats where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characters., are in full revolt.” (Para. 1) implies that _. “那是维尼熊、小猪和屹耳住的地方和其他卡通人物正在全力反抗。”（第1段）这句话中“正在全力反抗”暗示_。A. the cartoon characters are n

22、o longer popular A. 这些卡通形象不再受欢迎B. Disney is seriously involved in lawsuits B. 迪士尼陷入严重的诉讼危机C. they show the sign of defeat of Disney in lawsuits C. 他们表明迪士尼可能在诉讼中失败D. the cartoon characters no longer play positive roles D. 这些卡通形象不再扮演积极的角色【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Para. 1定位到原文第1段。题干定位句为本段的背景信息，根据文章的行文结构，本

23、段后文才是引入的主题。定位句中间插入部分提到“这意味着艾斯纳旗下的华特迪士尼公司每年至少有10亿美元的收入（$1 billion a year in revenues）。”本段后文提到“一桩被封存在洛杉矶法院长达12年之久的诉讼（old lawsuit）在1月被曝光”，“一系列的法庭裁决导致这个媒体巨头将面临数亿美元的过期许可费（hundreds of millions in overdue license payments），并且它可能失去其最赚钱的财产之一（the loss of one of its most lucrative properties）”。由此可知，“正在全力反抗”应该是

24、指本来给迪士尼带来巨额收入的卡通形象们，现在有可能让它面临巨额的赔偿，B选项“迪士尼陷入严重的诉讼危机”更符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“这些卡通形象不再受欢迎”，不符合段落主题，本段及本文主要的话题是“诉讼”，卡通人物只是引入话题的背景，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“他们表明迪士尼可能在诉讼中失败”，原文只说面临诉讼，并没有说诉讼会失败，该选项属于过度推理；D选项“这些卡通形象不再扮演积极的角色”，卡通形象并不是本段及本文的中心话题，该选项属于无中生有。2. 【选项释义】The word “anemic” in the expression “Eisner is under attack fo

25、r., ABCs anemic ratings” (Para. 2) can be paraphrased as _. “艾斯纳（Eisner）因和美国广播公司（ABC）_的收视率而受到攻击”一词中的“anemic”一词。（第2段）可以理解为_。A. flexible A. 灵活的B. changing B. 变化的C. steady C. 稳定的D. declining D. 下降的【考查点】词汇推测题【解题思路】由题干引用句可知，anemic是形容美国广播公司的收视率的，而Eisner因为这个收视率的问题正受到攻击，由此推断，收视率应该不好，D选项“下降的”符合原文。另外，anemic的本

26、义是“贫血的”。【干扰项排除】A选项“灵活的”、B选项“变化的”、C选项“稳定的”不符合语境。3. 【选项释义】The sentence “Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. (Para. 3) can best be explained as which of the following? “迪士尼想要紧紧抓住那只熊和他的蜂蜜罐。”（第3段）这句话可以最好地解释为下列哪一个？A. Disney wants to take back the bear so as to make more honey. A.

27、 迪斯尼想把熊拿回来，以便制造更多的蜂蜜。B. Disney wants to take control of its cartoon characters. B. 迪斯尼想要控制它的卡通人物。C. Disney wants to keep the most profitable property Winnie the Pooh. C. 迪士尼想要保留维尼熊这一最赚钱的资产。D. Disney wants to win the 12-year-old lawsuit. D. 迪士尼希望赢得这场长达12年的官司。【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Para. 3定位到原文第3段。题干引

28、用句为本段第1句。本段第2句提到“小熊维尼是迪士尼最大的资产（Pooh is Disneys single largest property）”。本段的后文主要在介绍迪士尼公司与小熊维尼作者的经济纠纷。另外，本文第一段提到迪士尼公司正面临的诉讼危机，可能导致它损失其最赚钱的资产，由此推断，定位句中“紧紧抓住那只熊和他的蜂蜜罐”指的是牢牢抓住这个最赚钱的资产，C选项“迪士尼想要保留维尼熊这一最赚钱的资产”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“迪斯尼想把熊拿回来，以便制造更多的蜂蜜”，小熊维尼不是本段的重点，该选项没有表达出原句背后的含义，属于本末倒置；B选项“迪斯尼想要控制它的卡通人物”，小熊维尼不是

29、本段的重点，并且原文并没有体现“控制”的信息，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“迪士尼希望赢得这场长达12年的官司”，原文第1段最后一句提到“一系列的法庭裁决导致这个媒体巨头将面临数亿美元的过期许可费（hundreds of millions in overdue license payments），并且它可能失去其最赚钱的财产之一（the loss of one of its most lucrative properties）。”要想赢得这场官司，仅仅靠小熊维尼是不够的，该选项属于过度推理。4. 【选项释义】Why does the author say that Disneys case ma

30、y “hinge on the mommy memo”? 为什么作者说迪士尼的案例可能“取决于妈咪备忘录”？A. Because Disney has been barred from introducing further evidence. A. 因为迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据。B. Because the documents related to Disneys merchandise sales cannot be found. B. 因为找不到与迪士尼商品销售相关的文件。C. Because this might be the only document revealing Dis

31、neys original attitude. C. 因为这可能是唯一一份揭示迪士尼原始态度的文件。D. Because Slesinger daughter faithfully recorded Jefferds words. D. 因为斯莱辛格的女儿忠实地记录了杰弗斯的话。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词mommy memo定位到原文第5段。本段第1句提到“如果没有这些文件（Absent those documents），这起案件可能取决于妈咪备忘录（mommy memo）。”根据those documents定位到上一段，上一段提到“斯勒辛格夫妇还指控迪士尼丢失了与商品销

32、售有关的文件（documents），并销毁了其他将协议扩展到光盘和录像带的文件。”由此可知，与扩展协议有关的其他文件可能丢失或被销毁了。第5段第2-3句提到“这个备忘录描述了她妈妈在贝弗利山庄酒店与Jefferds的一次会面”，并且在这次会面中“Jefferds告诉帕特丽夏视频和所有这些新文件都被掩盖了”，由此可知，这本备忘录记录了迪士尼的态度。因此，C选项“因为这可能是唯一一份揭示迪士尼原始态度的文件”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“因为迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据”，可定位到第5段最后一句，该句提到“由于迪士尼销毁了Jefferds的信件，法官Hiroshige裁定，迪士尼被禁止引入证据反

33、驳Jefferds家族关于他们有权获得录像带版税的主张。”由此可知，法官因为这份备忘录的帮助确定“迪士尼销毁了Jefferds的信件”，因此“迪士尼被禁止提供进一步的证据”，所以，该选项表述的是“果”，而“妈咪备忘录”是“因”，该选项属于因果倒置；B选项“因为找不到与迪士尼商品销售相关的文件”，虽然这个文件的确丢失了，但是更重要的是“其他将协议扩展到光盘和录像带的文件被销毁了”，因为第3段最后一句提到“迪士尼的律师说迪士尼与原作者的协议只涉及到商品的版税（get royalties on merchandise alone），不包括其他（not all exploitation）”，而备忘录正

34、好可以说明拓展协议的存在。该选项属于曲解原文；D选项“因为斯莱辛格的女儿忠实地记录了杰弗斯的话”，只是因为忠实地记录，并不足以解释迪士尼的案例为什么可能取决于“妈咪备忘录”，该选项属于本末倒置。5. 【选项释义】Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage? 下面哪个选项不是能从文章中得出的结论？A. Disney has introduced convincing evidence to defend itself. A. 迪士尼已经提出了令人信服的证据来为自己辩护。B. Disney has destroyed so

35、me important papers on purpose. B. 迪士尼故意销毁了一些重要文件。C. Disney has lost in the 1999 case with Jeffrey Katzenberg. C. 迪士尼在1999年与杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）的官司中败诉。D. The stock price of Disney has been going down for a period of time. D. 迪士尼的股价已经下跌一段时间了。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】题干要求选出“不能从原文中得出的结论”。A选项“迪士尼已经提出了令人信服

36、的证据来为自己辩护”可定位到原文最后一段第1句，该句说到“各方之间似乎不太可能达成和解。”由此可知，迪士尼没能拿出让人信服的证据，A选项表述错误，符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“迪士尼故意销毁了一些重要文件”，由上一题解析可知，该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰；C选项“迪士尼在1999年与杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）的官司中败诉”可定位到原文最后一段第3句，该句提到“1999年，菲尔兹在一起激烈的案件中为迪士尼前工作室负责人杰弗里卡曾伯格（Jeffrey Katzenberg）赢得了2.5亿美元的庭外和解”，由此可知，Jeffrey Katzenberg赢了，那么迪士尼就

37、输了。该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰；D选项“迪士尼的股价已经下跌一段时间了”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，该句提到“迪士尼长期疲软的股价（Disneys chronically weak stock price）”，由此可知，该选项表述正确，属于反向干扰。3. 单选题There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents wished.问题1选项A.enhancedB.revisedC.alternatedD.modified【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. enhanced 加强，提高 B.

38、 revised 修改C. alternated 交替，轮流 D. modified 修改【考查点】近义词辨析【解题思路】原文指的是婴儿为了满足父母的意愿改变基因。D选项modified“修改”，指为了适应某一特定的目的，稍微改变某物，与原文最相符。原文alter“改变”。【干扰项排除】A选项enhanced “加强，提高”，改变不一定是提高；B选项revised “修改”，指修改意见或计划，或者修订书刊或估算；C选项alternated “交替，轮流”，与altered属于形近词，但两者意义不同。【句意】人们担心，婴儿可能会根据父母的意愿进行基因改造。4. 单选题The climate of

39、 Earth is changing. Climatologists are confident that over the past century, the global average surface temperature has increased by about half a degree Celsius. This warming is thought to be at least partly the result of human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of fore

40、sts for agriculture. As the global population grows and national economies expand, the global average temperature is expected to continue increasing by an additional 1.0 to 3.5 by the year 2100.Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing humankind. Understanding the poten

41、tial impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems is essential if we are going to manage our environment to minimize the negative consequences of climate change and maximize the opportunities that it may offer. Because natural ecosystems are complex, nonlinear systems, it follows that their resp

42、onses to climate change are likely to be complex. Climate change may affect natural ecosystems in a variety of ways. In the short term, climate change can alter the mix of plant species in land ecosystems such as grasslands. In the long term, climate change has the potential to dramatically alter th

43、e geographic distribution of major vegetation typessavannas, forests, and tundra. Climate change can also potentially alter global ecosystem processes, including the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Moreover, changes in these ecosystem processes can affect and be affected by chan

44、ges in the plant species of the ecosystem and vegetation type. All of the climatechange induced alterations of natural ecosystem services that these ecosystems provide to humans.The global average surface temperature increase of half a degree Celsius observed over the past century has been in part d

45、ue to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range. Decreases in the diurnal temperature range were first identified in the United States, where large-area trends showed that maximum temperatures have remained constant or i

46、ncreased only slightly, whereas minimum temperatures have increased at a faster rate. In this issue, Alward et al. report on the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperatures increases.11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the global warming?12. The second

47、 paragraph is primarily concerned with _.13. According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the temperature increases observed over the past century?14. In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to _.15. The word “diurnal” (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to

48、 “_”.问题1选项A.The burning of fuels such as coal or oil.B.The clearing of forests.C.The cultivation of farmland.D.The negative consequences of human activities.问题2选项A.the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystemsB.how to minimize the negative consequences of climate changeC.how to maxi

49、mize the opportunities that climate change may offerD.the complex, nonlinear nature of natural ecosystems问题3选项A.Increases of daily maximum temperatures.B.Decreases of daily minimum temperatures.C.Increases of diurnal temperature range.D.Decreases in the diurnal temperature range.问题4选项A.discuss the g

50、lobal impacts of temperatures increasesB.present a point of view which supports the idea of the second paragraphC.introduce Alwards report on the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperatures increasesD.further illustrate the causes of the global average surface temperature inc

51、rease问题5选项A.day-and-nightsB.everydayC.two daysD.yearly【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】11. 【选项释义】Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the global warming? 下列哪一项没有被作为全球变暖的原因提到？A. The burning of fuels such as coal or oil. A. 煤或石油等燃料的燃烧。B. The clearing of forests. B. 砍伐森林。C. The culti

52、vation of farmland. C. 耕地的耕种。D. The negative consequences of human activities. D. 人类活动的负面后果。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词a reason for the global warming可定位到原文第1段。本段第2句提到“这种变暖被认为至少部分原因是人类活动的结果（the result of human activities），例如燃烧化石燃料（the burning of fossil fuels）和为农业砍伐森林（the clearing of forests for agricult

53、ure）。”本题要求选择的是没有被提到的原因，C选项“耕地的耕种”没有被提到，符合题意。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项原文有提到，不符合题意，属于反向干扰。12. 【选项释义】The second paragraph is primarily concerned with _. 第2段主要是关于_。A. the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems A. 气候变化对自然生态系统的潜在影响B. how to minimize the negative consequences of climate change B.

54、如何将气候变化的负面影响降到最低C. how to maximize the opportunities that climate change may offer C. 如何最大限度地利用气候变化带来的机遇D. the complex, nonlinear nature of natural ecosystems D. 自然生态系统的复杂、非线性性质【考查点】主旨大意题【解题思路】根据题干关键词The second paragraph定位到原文第2段，本题要求选择的是原文第2段的主旨大意。本段第2句说到“如果我们要治理环境，以最大限度地减少气候变化的负面后果（minimize the neg

55、ative consequences of climate change），并最大限度地利用它可能提供的机遇（maximize the opportunities that it may offer）的话，了解气候变化对自然生态系统的潜在影响（understanding the potential impacts of climate change for natural ecosystems）是至关重要的。”由此可知，这句话的重点是“了解气候变化对自然生态系统的潜在影响”。另外，本段第4句提到“气候变化可能会在很多方面影响自然生态系统（affect natural ecosystems）”，

56、并且之后具体介绍了这些影响。综上所述，A选项“气候变化对自然生态系统的潜在影响”更符合本段主旨。【干扰项排除】B选项“如何将气候变化的负面影响降到最低”，是引入本段主旨的辅助信息，并不是本段主旨，该选项属于本末倒置；C选项“如何最大限度地利用气候变化带来的机遇”，也是引入本段主旨的辅助信息，并不是本段主旨，该选项属于本末倒置；D选项“自然生态系统的复杂、非线性性质”，可定位到原文第2段第3句，该句提到“由于自然生态系统是复杂的非线性系统（natural ecosystems are complex, nonlinear systems），因此它们对气候变化的反应很可能是复杂的。”由此可知，该选

57、项只是生态系统对气候变化的反应是复杂的，并不是本段主旨，该选项属于本末倒置。13. 【选项释义】According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the temperature increases observed over the past century? 根据作者的观点，在过去的一个世纪中观察到的温度上升的主要原因可能是什么？A. Increases of daily maximum temperatures. A. 每日最高气温升高。B. Decreases of daily minimum temperature

58、s. B. 日最低气温下降。C. Increases of diurnal temperature range. C. 日温差增大。D. Decreases in the diurnal temperature range. D. 日温差减小。【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词temperature increases和the past century定位到原文第3段。该段第1句提到“过去一个世纪观测到的全球平均地表温度上升了0.5摄氏度，部分原因是由于日最高和最低温度的差异变化（differential changes in daily maximum and minimum t

59、emperatures），导致日温度范围缩小（a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range）。”本段第2句提到“日温差的减小（Decreases in the diurnal temperature range）首先是在美国发现的，那里的大面积趋势表明，最高温度（maximum temperatures）保持不变或仅略有上升（remained constant or increased only slightly），而最低温度（minimum temperatures）上升的速度更快（increased at a faster rate）。”由此可知

60、，日最高气温保持不变或略有上升，而日最低气温大幅上升，导致日温差减小，且日平均温度上升。因此，D选项“日温差减小”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“每日最高气温升高”，表述错误，每日最高气温只是略有上升或基本保持不变，并且这并不是上个世纪气温升高的全部原因，没有指出每日最低气温的上升，该选项属于以偏概全；B选项“日最低气温下降”，表述错误，日最低气温上升，而非下降，该选项属于反向干扰；C选项“日温差增大”，表述错误，日温差减小，而非增大，该选项属于反向干扰。14. 【选项释义】In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this p

61、assage to _. 在接下来的段落中，我们可以期待这篇文章的作者_。A. discuss the global impacts of temperatures increases A. 讨论气温上升对全球的影响B. present a point of view which supports the idea of the second paragraph B. 提出一个支持第二段观点的观点C. introduce Alwards report on the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperatur

62、es increases C. 介绍阿尔沃德关于牧场植物对最低气温上升的不同敏感性的报告D. further illustrate the causes of the global average surface temperature increase D. 进一步说明全球平均地表温度上升的原因【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词In subsequent paragraphs可知，本题要求猜测选段接下来的段落的内容，因此，定位到原文最后一段。本段最后一句提到“在本期中（In this issue），Alward等人（Alward et al.）报道了牧场植物对最低气温升高的不同敏

63、感性（the different sensitivities of rangeland plants to minimum temperatures increases）。”由此推断，本文应该是某期刊中某篇论文的导语，根据原文逻辑，我们可以猜测，后文应该是介绍Alward等人的报道，因此，C选项“介绍阿尔沃德关于牧场植物对最低气温上升的不同敏感性的报告”，符合原文行文逻辑。【干扰项排除】A选项“讨论气温上升对全球的影响”，没有依据，不符合原文逻辑，该选项属于无中生有；B选项“提出一个支持第二段观点的观点”，没有依据，不符合原文逻辑，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“进一步说明全球平均地表温度上升的原

64、因”，没有依据，不符合原文逻辑，该选项属于无中生有。15. 【选项释义】The word “diurnal” (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “_”. “diurnal”（第3段）这个词的意思最接近“_”。A. day-and-nights A. 昼夜的B. everyday B. 每日的C. two days C. 两天的D. yearly D. 每年的【考查点】词汇推测题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Paragraph 3定位到原文第3段。本段第1句提到“过去一个世纪观测到的全球平均地表温度上升了0.5摄氏度，部分原因是由于日最高和最低温度的差异变化（daily maximum and m