2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第88期

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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following text into English.在今天的中国，平均每天有24万人成为互联网的新用户，平均每400个中国人就拥有一个网站。按照目前的发展速度，再过两年，中国的互联网使用者将超过5亿，互联网的普及率将从目前的25.5%提高到38.5%。对于一个发展中国家而言，互联网能够如此快速普及是一大奇迹。中国人民从互联网受益匪浅。在中国，互联网正广泛应用于电子政务、电子商务、公共教育、新闻传播等各个领域。电子商务在中国快速发展，中国电子商务交易总额在过去5年保持45%以上的

2、年均增长速度，2008年超过4600亿美元。【答案】In China today, on average, 240,000 people per day become new users of the Internet and every 400 Chinese possess one website. At the current rate of development, China will have more than 500 million Internet users and the Internet penetration rate will rise from the curre

3、nt 25.5% to 38.5% in two years. For a developing country, the rapid popularization of the Internet is a miracle. Chinese people have benefited a lot from the Internet. In China, the Internet is being widely used in various fields such as e-government, e-business, public education, journalism and com

4、munication and so on. In China, E-commerce is developing rapidly .The total value of e-commerce transactions in China has maintained an average annual growth rate of more than 45% over the past five years, exceeding $460 billion in 2008.2. 单选题The book（ ）was not in the school library.问题1选项A.to which

5、the professor referred usB.to which the professor referred to usC.which the professor referred usD.which the professor referred to us【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。当从句谓语动词是不及物动词时，定语从句用介词+连接词引导，refer表示“参考，查阅”的意思时为不及物动词，用法是refer sb. to sth.。句意：教授让我们查阅的那本书不在学校图书馆。因此，本题的正确选项是A选项。3. 翻译题Translate the following text into

6、 English.挑战未知是人类诞生之初就具备的本能，而探索外太空则是好奇心和求知欲在现代的延伸。人类和动物最本质的区别在于不断地探求未知，其终极目的就是要回答“我从哪来？我到哪去？”。这样的问题，在现实世界找不到答案，人们便将追问的目光投向浩瀚的外太空。正是这些追问，成为人类探索宇宙的动力。此外，太空探索还激发了全人类的科学精神。【答案】Challenging the unknown has been a human instinct since we were born, and exploring outer space is extension of curiosity and asp

7、iration to knowledge in modern times. The most essential difference between human beings and animals is the constant search for the unknown, whose ultimate goal is to answer the question “Where do I come from? Where am I going?” It is impossible to find the answer of such questions in the real world

8、, therefore, people will transfer their attention to the vast outer space. It is these questions that have become the driving force for human exploration of the universe. In addition, space exploration has inspired the scientific spirit of all mankind.4. 单选题All the memories of his childhood had（ ）fr

9、om his mind by the time he was 65.问题1选项A.fadedB.illustratedC.confinedD.concerned【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项fade“褪色，凋谢，逐渐消失”；B选项illustrate“阐明，举例说明”；C选项confine“限制，禁闭”；D选项concern“关系到，涉及”。句意：在他65岁时，童年的所有记忆都从他的脑海中消失了。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。5. 翻译题Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on th

10、e ANSWER SHEET.互联网是20世纪最重大的科技发明之一，将深刻地影响人类社会文明进程。目前，全世界网民数量达到30亿，普及率达到40%，全球范围内实现了网络互联、信息互通，世界真正变成了地球村。本次大会回应了国际社会的关切，对于推动全球互联网均衡、安全、可持续发展，更好发挥互联网在世界经济社会发展中的重要作用，促进各国人民共享互联网发展成果，增进人类福祉，具有十分重要的意义。【答案】The Internet, one of the most important scientific and technological inventions of the 20th century,

11、will have a profound impact on the progress of human civilization. At present, the number of Internet users around the world has reached 3 billion, and the Internet popularity rate has reached 40%. Internet connectivity and information exchange have been achieved around the world and the world has t

12、ruly become a global village. This conference responds to the concerns of the international community and is of great significance for promoting the balance, secure and sustainable development of the global Internet, giving full play to the important role of the Internet in the worlds economic and s

13、ocial development, enabling people of all countries to share the fruits of Internet development and improving the well-being of mankind.6. 单选题Humble（ ）it may be, there is no place more like home.问题1选项A.althoughB.asC.howD.that【答案】B【解析】考查让步状语从句。句子用了倒装，把形容词提前到句首，只有as或者though有这个用法，although没有。as / though

14、引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）例如：Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.由as引导的让步状语从句，强调表语humble。句意：尽管这里是简陋的，但是没有一个地方比它更像家。所以本题选择B选项正确。7. 单选题Shes always been kind to me I cant just turn（ ）on her now that she needs my help.问题1选项A.my backB.my headC.my eyeD.my should

15、er【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。turn ones back on为固定搭配，意为“不理会，不肯给予帮助”。句意：句意：她对我一直很好，现在她需要我的帮助，我不能不管。由搭配和句意可知，A选项符合句意。8. 单选题Look, we are in such an awful situation. Id rather you（ ）the data from the Internet yesterday.问题1选项A.hadnt downloadedB.didnt downloadC.werent downloadingD.havent downloaded【答案】A【解析】虚拟语气。would

16、 rather（宁愿）+宾语从句，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词，故本题的正确答案是A选项。9. 单选题The speaker was very good at（ ）his ideas during the discussion.问题1选项A.putting asideB.putting acrossC.putting backD.putting off【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项put aside“撇开，把放在一边”，例句：They decided to put aside their differences.（他们决定搁置双方的分歧。）；B选

17、项put across“解释清楚，说明”，例句：Do you give him a fair opportunity to put across his views?（你会给他们平等的机会去表达自己的看法吗？）；C选项put back“推迟，妨碍”，例句：The meeting has been put back to next week.（这次会议已延期到下周了。）；D选项put off“推迟”，例句：Weve had to put off our wedding until September.（我们只得把婚期推迟到九月。）。句意：演讲者很善于在讨论中表达自己的观点。由选项意思和句意可知，

18、B选项符合句意。10. 单选题Many countries have adopted systems of（ ）education in order to promote the average level of education.问题1选项A.constrainedB.compulsoryC.cardinalD.conventional【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项constrained“强迫的，过于受约束的”，例如：a constrained confession（逼供、被迫招供），constrained emotions（受压抑的感情）；B选项compulsory“义务的，必

19、修的”，例如：compulsory measures（强迫手段），compulsory service system（义务兵役制）；C选项cardinal“主要的，基本的”，例句：Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law.（尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则）；D选项conventional“传统的，惯例的”，例句：The chairman made a few conventional remarks.（主席说了几句客套话。）。句意：为了提高平均教育水平，许多国家都采用了义务教育制度。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。11

20、. 单选题The criminal always paid（ ）cash so the police could not track him down.问题1选项A.onB.atC.forD.in【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。此题考查固定词组。pay in cash是一固定词组，意为“付现金”。句意：那名罪犯总是用现金付款，因此警方无法追捕到他。根据选项和句意可知，D选项符合题意。12. 单选题I wish I（ ）to swim when I（ ）younger.问题1选项A.was taughthad beenB.were taughthad beenC.had been taughth

21、ad beenD.had been taughtwas【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish+宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气。本句表达的是对过去的虚拟。句子应该用过去完成时，had been taught，故排除A、B选项。时间状语说的是过去年轻的时候，所以要用过去时:was。句意：我希望在我年轻的时候学了游泳。因此，本题的正确选项是D选项。13. 单选题A drunk man walked in,（ ）both in appearance and odor.问题1选项A.repulsiveB.reluctantC.reproachfulD.reputed【答案】A【解析】考查形容词

22、辨析。A选项repulsive“排斥的，令人厌恶的”；B选项reluctant“不情愿的，勉强的”；C选项reproachful“责备的，申斥的”；D选项reputed“驰名的，普遍认为的，名誉好的”。句意：一个醉汉进来了，他的出现以及身上的味道都让人觉得厌恶。根据选项和句意可知，A选项符合题意。14. 单选题Aleko denied（ ）Marys little lamb.问题1选项A.to stealB.to have stolenC.having to stealD.stealing【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。deny“否认，否定”，固定搭配：deny doing sth.“否认做某

23、事，否认做过某事，拒绝做某事”。句意：阿莱科否认偷了玛丽的小羊，因此D选项正确。15. 单选题Last year, Matt earned（ ）his brother, who has a better position.问题1选项A.twice as much asB.twice as many asC.twice more asD.twice as more as【答案】A【解析】考查倍数的表达。1.倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它。这种结构又常演变成下列两类：倍数+as+ many+可数名词复数+as；倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as。如:There are seven

24、times as many people as I expected.（是我预料的人数的七倍。），There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.（这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。），这个句子前半句说马特赚得比他哥哥多，肯定是钱money赚得多，而money是不可数，所以不能用many，排除B选项。没有C，D选项的用法。句意：去年马特比他哥哥赚得多两倍，而他哥哥的职位比他高。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。16. 单选题（ ）dull he may be，he is certainly a very succ

25、essful top executive.问题1选项A.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.However【答案】D【解析】考查句子结构。A、B、C、D四个选项中，后面可以直接修饰形容词的只有D选项however。A选项although“尽管，虽然”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：although he may be dull；B选项whatever“不论什么”，后面应该接名词；C选项as“尽管，正如”，作为连词可以引导让步状语从句，后面接句子，应用到这个句子里面应该是：dull as he may be；句意：无论他多么迟钝，他都是一名当之无

26、愧的成功高层主管人员。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。17. 单选题Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical（ ）.问题1选项A.obligationsB.regulationsC.observationsD.considerations【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obligation“义务，债务”；B选项regulation“条例，规程”；C选项observation“观察”；D选项consideration“考虑，注意事项”

27、。句意：建筑虽然具有艺术性，但它也必须满足一些重要的实用性考虑。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。18. 单选题Relying on his（ ）, the doctor cured the seemingly incurable patient.问题1选项A.approachB.faithC.expertiseD.confidence【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项approach“方法，方式”；B选项faith“信仰，信念”；C选项expertise“专业知识，专门技术”；D选项confidence“自信，信任”，句意：医生依靠他的专业知识治好了这个看似无法治愈的病人。由选项意思

28、和句意可知，C选项符合句意。19. 单选题Be sure not to mention this when you（ ）about this problem.问题1选项A.were talkingB.will talkC.have been talkingD.are talking【答案】D【解析】考查时间状语从句，当从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，主语是一般现在时，when引导时间状语从句用现在进行时，所以本题D是正确答案。20. 翻译题Translate the following text into English. Write your translation o

29、n the ANSWER SHEET.20世纪80年代以来，中国陆续推出一系列科学技术研究发展的整体计划，旨在战略性地全面提高国家在21世纪的综合科技竞争力。1982年开始实施的国家科技攻关计划，是20世纪中国最大的科技计划。它面向国民经济建设主战场，解决国民经济和社会发展中带有方向性、关键性和综合性的问题，涉及农业、电子信息、能源、交通、材料、资源勘探、环境保护、医疗卫生等领域。【答案】Since the 1980s, China has launched a series of overall plans for scientific and technological research

30、and development for the purpose of enhancing the countrys comprehensive scientific and technological competitiveness strategically and roundly in 21st century. National Key Technology R&D Program, which is carried out in 1982, is China s largest science and technology program in the 20th century. Fa

31、cing the main battlefield of national economic construction, it solves directional, key and comprehensive problems in national economic and social development, involving agriculture, electronic information, energy, transportation, materials, resource exploration, environmental protection, medical and health care and other fields.