2022年考博英语-山西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第117期

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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题You can always use（ ）glass if you need to block a street view.问题1选项A.convertibleB.decorousC.opaqueD.salient【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项convertible“可改变的；可转换的；可兑换的”；B选项decorous“礼貌得体的”；C选项opaque“（玻璃、液体等）不透明的，不透光的，浑浊的”；D选项salient“显著的；最重要的”。句意：如果你需要遮挡街景，可以使用（ ）玻璃。opaque“（玻璃）不透

2、明的，不透光的”，glass（玻璃）可以遮挡光，符合语境。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题This study involves monitoring the sleep（ ）of 100 mentally healthy people aged 45 to 80.问题1选项A.ordersB.rulesC.patternsD.characters【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项orders“顺序；命令”；B选项rules“规则”；C选项patterns“模式”；D选项characters“特征”。句意：这项研究包括监测100名45岁至80岁精神健康的人的睡眠（ ）。根据语境，睡眠和char

3、acters“特征”搭配比较合理。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate ones（ ）with a group.问题1选项A.introductionB.superstitionC.identificationD.specification【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项introduction“介绍；引进；入门”；B选项superstition“迷信”；C选项identification“辨认；认同；身份”；D选项specification“规格；说明书”。句意：俚语的主要功能

4、之一增强与其一伙人的（ ）。根据语境，俚语主要是拉近人和人之间的距离，identification“认同”比较合理。因此C选项正确。4. 翻译题Quitting smoking is more of a matter of willpower than of individual choice, for smoking is widely recognized as addictive. Although counseling and medication can increase the odds that a smoker quits permanently, the best way t

5、o avoid dilemmas is never to take up smoking to begin with.The irreversible effects of cigarette smoking vary in intensity and are related both to the amount and duration of exposure and the age at which the person is initially exposed. This report challenges the notion that a few years of exposure

6、to smoking will have no lasting harmful consequences. We hope to discourage this prevalent but vital habit and suggest that tobacco-related health effects decline substantially as time away from smoking increases.【答案】人们普遍认为吸烟成瘾，与其说戒烟是个人选择的问题，不如说是意志力的问题。虽然就医和药物治疗能增加永久戒烟的概率，但避免进退两难的最好办法是一开始就不吸烟。吸烟带来不可

7、逆的影响程度不同，且与烟瘾和烟龄有关，也与最初接触烟的年龄有关。本报告挑战的是一种观点，即几年的吸烟史不会产生长期的不良后果。我们希望劝说人们不要染上这一常见而致命的习惯，并指出随着戒烟时间的增加，烟草对健康产生的影响就会大幅度减少。5. 单选题Some women are motivated to work（ ）professional interests and a desire to contribute to society.问题1选项A.because ofB.as toC.regardless ofD.in spite of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。A选项because

8、of “因为；由于”；B选项as to“至于，关于；就而论”；C选项regardless of “不顾，不管”；D选项in spite of “不管、虽然、尽管、不顾”。句意：有些妇女工作的动机是（ ）职业兴趣和为社会做贡献的愿望。B、C、D选项不符合句意，因此A选项正确。6. 单选题Once upon a time, people believed staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practice the reverse of home economicsspend more than y

9、ou earned. Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone called lepton to work properly. It sends “Im full” messages from the fat cells up to the brain, where they go, among o

10、ther places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Fat people produce plenty of lepton, but the brain doesnt seem to respond to it properly. Last year researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuit（线路）wer

11、e underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.Theres a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that is a real struggle. Making changes is hard, p

12、articularly if your body is working against you. So why not reject the traditional approaches and try some new method, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it.Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore reported that when they g

13、ave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr. James Johnson.How does it work? Besides forcing the body to burn fat, it may also cause hormonal chang

14、es. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirable white stuff; this was a dieters dream. Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat

15、tissue burned it off to keep you warmat least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldnt find much in humans but now, thanks to the New England journal of Medicine, its back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperatures. They then make more brown fat and their w

16、eight drops.1.The last sentence in paragraph 1 indicates that peoples understanding of losing weight（ ）.2.According to the findings of the Oregon Research Institute,（ ）.3.The method used by the National Institute on Aging can be summarized as “（ ）”.4.The word “grinding” in the paragraph 5 is closest

17、 in meaning to（ ）.5.It can be learned that brown fat（ ）.问题1选项A.is unnecessarily complicatedB.seems rather unreasonableC.used to be limitedD.can be partly justified问题2选项A.Overweight people got less pleasure from eating the same amountB.Overweight people enjoyed eating more than the others doC.People

18、will become overweight if they eat more than they needD.People are more likely to be overweight if they produce less lepton问题3选项A.No diet at allB.Diet on a daily basisC.Diet every other dayD.Diet permanently问题4选项A.EffectiveB.RealisticC.UnreliableD.Miserable问题5选项A.converts excess energy into fatB.acc

19、umulates easily in human bodiesC.works better in warm temperaturesD.burns extra energy to produce heat【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。第一段说到“Once upon a time, people believed staying a healthy weight was easy.（从前，人们认为保持健康的体重很容易。）”；“Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, it tur

20、ns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.（不幸的是，对许多人来说，事实证明人比银行账户复杂得多，但这也许并不令人意外。）”，由这两句可以看出以前人们对减肥的概念很片面、有限，殊不知人体机能是很复杂的，所以最后一句话表明了人们对减肥的理解是很有限的，A选项“复杂难懂的”；B选项“似乎是相当不合理的”；D选项“部分可以被证明的”都不符合段意，因此C选项“过去是有限的”正确。2.事实细节题。the Oregon Research Institute的研究出现在第二段，原文“Last year research

21、ers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuit（线路） were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.（去年俄勒冈州研究所研究人员扫描超重的人，发现他们的大脑奖赏回路（线路）是不够的。他们吃得更多，试图获得他们错过的乐趣。）”的意思是胖的人和其他人吃同等数量的食物时，他们获得的乐趣会比其他人少，因为他们大

22、脑中的奖赏回路不如其他人，因此会吃更多来试图获得乐趣。B选项“超重的人比其他人吃得更多”；C选项“如果人们吃得比需要的多，他们就会超重”；D选项“如果产生的瘦素较少，人们更有可能超重”都不是该研究的内容，因此A选项“超重的人在吃同样数量的食物时得到的快乐较少”正确。3.推理判断题。the National Institute on Aging的研究出现在第四段，原文说到“when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all t

23、he benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet.（当他们一天给老鼠很少的食物，第二天让它们吃大量的食物时，它们几乎显示出了长期限制卡路里饮食的所有好处。）”。所以这个方法可以总结为隔天节食。A选项“不节食”不正确；B选项“日常节食” 也不正确；D选项“永久性节食”也不是该研究的内容，因此C选项“隔天节食”正确。4.词义猜测题。第五段“but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.（但并不像每天尝试节食那么痛苦。）”。grinding的意思是“无休止的；（

24、状态）难熬的”，A选项Effective“有效的，实际的”；B选项Realistic“现实的，逼真的”；C选项Unreliable“不可靠的，靠不住的”；D选项Miserable“痛苦的，悲惨的”。因此D选项正确。5.事实细节题。brown fat出现在文章第六段。“Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warmat least in mice.（棕色脂肪组织并没有以脂肪的形式储存多余的能量，而是通过燃烧来保持体温至少在老鼠身上是这样的。）”，该句说明棕色脂肪燃烧多

25、余的能量来产生热量。A选项“把多余的能量转化成脂肪”；B选项“容易在人体内积聚”；C选项“在温暖的温度下工作效果更好”都与原文事实不符，因此D选项“燃烧额外的能量产生热量”正确。7. 翻译题FROM ENGLISH TO CHINESEHappiness is sometimes seen as a state of mind. But this is not how Aristotle regards it. “Well-being”, as we usually translate his term for happiness, is what we might call a state

26、of soul, which for him involves not just an interior condition of being, but a disposition to behave in certain ways. As Ludwig Wittgenstein once remarked, the best image of the soul is the body. If you want to observe someones spirit, look at what they do. Happiness for Aristotle is attained by vir

27、tue, and virtue is above all a social practice rather than an attitude of mind. Happiness is part of a practical way of life, not some private inner contentment.【答案】幸福有时被视为一种精神状态。但亚里士多德不这样认为。“幸福”，正如我们通常解释这个术语，我们可以看作为灵魂状态。对他来说，这不仅是个人存在的内在条件，也是一种特定的行为方式。路德维希维特根斯坦曾说过，人的身体是灵魂的最好图画。如果你想了解某人的“灵魂”，看看他们做了什么

28、。对亚里士多德来说，幸福是通过美德实现的。美德首先是一种社会实践，而不是一种心灵态度。幸福是实际的生活方式的一部分，不是某种私密的内在满足。8. 单选题Were extremely interested in the source of these（ ）rumors.问题1选项A.salientB.fictitiousC.asceticD.indelible【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项salient“显著的；最重要的”；B选项fictitious“虚假的”；C选项ascetic“清苦的，苦行的”；D选项indelible“无法忘记的，不可磨灭的”。句意：我们对这些（ ）谣言从何而来

29、非常感兴趣。既然是rumors“谣言”，很多人会不假思索地相信，就不至于salient“显著的；最重要的”，fictitious“虚假的”比较符合生活实际。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题What is a lifestyle and how is that different from a life? A lifestyle is about brand（1）and buying identity or fame. Lifestyle gives a（2）of peace and acceptability that comes from others recognizing what youv

30、e bought. If your car and clothes are expensive, then you receive the superficial（3）of others.A life,（4）is very different. A life is what you lead when you know what（5）most to you. Your self-esteem comes from whats inside you. It comes from being connected to what you know is important, and being（6）

31、to put that first no matter what others may think.How many times have you seen someone work（7）hours in a job that they do not enjoy just to be able to （8）an expensive lifestyle? There was a recent commercial on TV that showed a man laughing in his yard saying: “I drive an expensive car, have a 5 bed

32、room home, a country club membership, a swimming pool and Im in debt（9）my eyeballs！”Lifestyle is expensive because it（10）a great deal to do what you think is socially（11）. A life is not expensive. Rather than（12）personal or financial resources, a life generates（13）and power. This is not an issue of（

33、14）luxury for its own sake; its about liberating yourself from the（15）consumption that society dictates. It is about making the choices that are （16）your values.How can you make the change? Understand the（17）between a Life (being directed from within) and a Lifestyle (being directed from outside). A

34、nalyze your current lifestyle to see（18）is costing you in money, time and energy to keep it. Let go and（19）what is really important to you, what（20）you and brings you joy. Remember who you are from within, not what you own!问题1选项A.symbolsB.titlesC.namesD.labels问题2选项A.senseB.reasonC.statusD.case问题3选项A

35、.jealousyB.criticismC.gratitudeD.approval问题4选项A.in other wordsB.at the same timeC.as a resultD.on the other hand问题5选项A.refersB.mattersC.holdsD.works问题6选项A.generousB.relievedC.willingD.grateful问题7选项A.limitedB.onlyC.longD.fair问题8选项A.maintainB.appreciateC.tolerateD.reform问题9选项A.up toB.equal toC.down to

36、D.relevant to问题10选项A.meansB.spendsC.provesD.costs问题11选项A.believableB.reliableC.comfortableD.acceptable问题12选项A.collectingB.drainingC.dismissingD.spreading问题13选项A.kindnessB.knowledgeC.energyD.beauty问题14选项A.buyingB.losingC.avoidingD.counting问题15选项A.mindlessB.effortlessC.selflessD.careless问题16选项A.in lin

37、e withB.in comparison withC.in contrast withD.in touch with问题17选项A.balanceB.spaceC.differenceD.connection问题18选项A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what问题19选项A.make up forB.make use ofC.make peace withD.make room for问题20选项A.sustainsB.detainsC.obtainsD.contains【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B第6题:C第7题:C第8题:A第9题:A第10题:D第11

38、题:D第12题:B第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:A第17题:C第18题:D第19题:D第20题:A【解析】1.考查名词辨析。A选项symbols“符号；标志”；B选项titles“主题；标题”；C选项names“名字；名望”；D选项labels“标签；标记”。句意：生活方式是关于品牌（ ）和换取身份或名声。根据第一段第三句peace and acceptability that comes from others recognizing what youve bought（别人认可你买的东西带来的平静和被接纳），可知横线指的是brand“品牌”带来的好处，故names“名望”符

39、合题意。因此C选项正确。2.考查名词辨析。A选项sense“感觉；道理”；B选项reason“理由”；C选项status“地位；状态；情形”；D选项case“情况；实例”。句意：生活方式给人一种的平静和被接纳的虚假（ ），这种（ ）来自于别人认可你所买的东西。平静是一种感觉，所以sense“感觉”符合语境。因此A选项正确。3.考查名词辨析。A选项jealousy“妒嫉；猜忌；戒备”；B选项criticism“批评；考证；苛求”；C选项gratitude“感激”；D选项approval“批准；认可；赞同”。句意：如果你的车和衣服很贵，那么你只会得到别人表面上的（ ）。联系上文语境别人认可你买的东

40、西，可知这里指的是approval“认可；赞同”；或者说上文提到品牌换取名声，可知这里指的是正向的感觉。因此D选项正确。4.考查词组辨析。A选项in other words“换句话说”；B选项at the same time“同时”；C选项as a result“结果”；D选项on the other hand“另一方面”。句意：（ ），生活不一样。上文说到生活方式是怎样的，这里说生活和生活方式不同，下文点出两者的不同，推测这里表示转折，on the other hand“另一方面”符合语境。因此D选项正确。5.考查动词辨析。A选项refers“参考，指的是”；B选项matters“要紧”；C

41、选项holds“把握；保存”；D选项works“奏效；工作”。句意：生活就是当你知道什么对你（ ）的时候，你所过的生活。根据语境，下文说到把自己认为最重要的放在首位，而不管别人的想法，可知这里指的是什么对自己是最重要的，matters“要紧”符合题意。因此B选项正确。6.考查形容词辨析。A选项generous“慷慨的；宽宏大量的”；B选项relieved“感到宽慰的；放心的”；C选项willing“乐意的，自愿的”；D选项grateful“感激的；愉快的”。句意：无论别人怎么想，都（ ）把自己的想法放在首位。根据语境，这里指的是坚定的坚持自己认为重要的东西，所以willing“乐意的，自愿的”

42、符合题意。因此C选项正确。7.考查形容词辨析。A选项limited“有限的”；B选项only“仅有的；最好的”；C选项long“长时间的；远的”；D选项fair“公平的；相当好的”。句意：你有多少次看到有人仅仅为了维持生活方式，在他们不喜欢的工作上花费（ ）小时？根据语境，这里指的是为了得到钱而在不喜欢的工作上花费很长时间，long“长时间的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。8.考查动词辨析。A选项maintain“维持；维修；主张”；B选项appreciate“欣赏；感激；领会”；C选项tolerate“忍受；默许；宽恕”；D选项reform“改革；重组；改过自新”。句意：仅仅为了（ ）昂贵的生活

43、方式。maintain“维持”和lifestyle“生活方式”搭配比较合理。因此A选项正确。9.考查固定搭配。A选项up to my eyeballs“深陷困境”；B选项equal to“等于；胜任”；C选项down to“以至”；D选项relevant to“有关的”。句意：我深陷困境（负债累累）。因此A选项正确。10.考查动词辨析。A选项means“意味着”；B选项spends“花费”，sb. spend sth. on doing sth.；C选项proves“证明”；D选项costs“花费”it costs sb. sth. to do sth.。句意：生活方式很昂贵，因为你要（ ）很

44、多去做。根据语境，可知这里指要花很多钱，根据两个花费的不同用法确定选D。因此D选项正确。11.考查形容词辨析。A选项believable“可信的”；B选项reliable“可靠的”；C选项comfortable“舒服的”；D选项acceptable“可接受的”。句意：花很多钱做你认为社会（ ）的事情。根据这里的语境，这里填acceptable“可接受的”比较合理，而且上文说到生活方式给人虚假的被接受的感觉。因此D选项正确。12.考查动词辨析。A选项collecting“收集”；B选项draining“使枯竭；排水；使疲惫的”；C选项dismissing“摒弃”；D选项spreading“传播；

45、摊开”。句意：生命不是（ ）个人或经济资源，而是产生和力量。根据句意，可知横线上的是和generates“产生”相反意思的词，draining“使枯竭”符合题意。因此B选项正确。13.考查名词辨析。A选项kindness“仁慈，善意”；B选项knowledge“知识”；C选项energy“能量；活力”；D选项beauty“美丽”。句意：生命不是耗竭个人或经济资源，而是产生（ ）和力量。根据句意可知，横线里的词是和resources“资源”相似的词，energy“能量；活力”符合题意。因此C选项正确。14.考查动词辨析。A选项buying“购买”；B选项losing“失去”；C选项avoidin

46、g“避免”；D选项counting“计算”。句意：这不仅仅是纯粹（ ）奢侈品而已。下一句说到而是把你从社会支配的消费中解放出来，推测这里指的是不买奢侈品，avoiding“避免”符合题意。因此C选项正确。15.考查形容词辨析。A选项mindless“盲目的；不合理的”；B选项effortless“容易的；天生的”；C选项selfless“无私的”；D选项careless“粗心的；无忧无虑的”。句意：这是关于把你从社会支配的（ ）消费中解放出来。根据语境，mindless“盲目的”搭配consumption“消费”比较合理。因此A选项正确。16.考查词组辨析。A选项in line with“符合

47、”；B选项in comparison with“相比之下”；C选项in contrast with“形成对比”；D选项in touch with“有联系”。句意：它是关于做出（ ）你价值观的选择。根据语境，in line with“符合”搭配values“价值观”比较合理。因此A选项正确。17.考查名词辨析。A选项balance“平衡”；B选项space“空间”；C选项difference“区别”；D选项connection“关联”。句意：理解生活（由内部指导）和生活方式（由外部指导）之间的（ ）。文章一直在说生活是怎样的，生活方式是怎样的，强调两者的区别，所以difference“区别”符合

48、题意。因此C选项正确。18.考查词义辨析。A选项when“什么时候”；B选项why“为什么”；C选项that“那个”；D选项what“是什么”。句意：分析一下你现在的生活方式，看看（ ）花费你的金钱、时间和精力来维持这种生活方式。根据语境，可知what“是什么”比较符合题意。因此D选项正确。19.考查词组辨析。A选项make up for“弥补”；B选项make use of“利用”；C选项make peace with“讲和”；D选项make room for“让出地方”。句意：放手吧，（ ）那些对你真正重要的东西。根据上文，这里的放手指的是放下对自己不重要的东西，好为对自己真正重要的东西留

49、位置，所以make room for“让出地方”符合题意。因此D选项正确。20.考查介词辨析。A选项sustains“支持；保持”；B选项detains“拘留；耽搁”；C选项obtains“获得”；D选项contains“容纳；控制”。句意：那些对你真正重要的，（ ）你的，给你带来快乐的东西。根据语境，这里填sustains“支持；保持”比较符合题意。因此A选项正确。10. 单选题As far as marriage is concerned, it is mutual care and love that（ ）.问题1选项A.mountsB.discountsC.countsD.calcul

50、ates【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项mount“增加，上升”，如mounting difficulty（困难越来越多）；B选项discount“打折”；C选项count“有价值或重要的”，如what counts is experience. （重要的是经验）；D选项calculate“计算”。句意：就婚姻而言，（ ）是相互关心和爱。A、B、D都不符合题意，因此C选项正确。11. 单选题Well continue along the road（ ）by our presidents more than seventy years ago.问题1选项A.given outB.made

51、outC.wiped outD.mapped out【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项give out“发出，排放，公开，分发”；B选项make out“艰难地看到，理解，填写”；C选项wipe out“消灭”；D选项map out“认真安排或设计，绘制”。句意：我们将继续沿着我们两国总统七十多年前（ ）的道路前进。“发出道路/理解道路/消灭道路”都不符合题意，因此D选项正确。12. 单选题At short notice rescue troops were sent to help the vehicles（ ）the deep snow.问题1选项A.soaked withB.st

52、uck inC.intended forD.connected to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项soaked with“用浸泡，使浸透”；B选项stuck in“陷入，插入”；C选项intended for“用来”；D选项connected to“连接”。句意：刚接到通知，救援部队就立马被派去帮助这些深深（ ）在雪里的车辆。根据语境，车辆stuck in“陷入”雪中比较合理。因此B选项正确。13. 单选题A driver can go through a red light（ ）a police officer signals him to do so.问题1选项A.whetherB

53、.untilC.ifD.unless【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。A选项whether“是否，不论”；B选项until“直到为止”；C选项if“如果”；D选项unless“除非”。句意：（ ）警察示意司机可以闯红灯，他就可以这样做。根据语境，if“如果”警察示意可以闯红灯比较合理。如果选D选项unless“除非”，应该换成the driver cant run the red light才合理。因此C选项正确。14. 单选题When you win, your errors are（ ）; when you lose, your errors are magnified.问题1选项A.exp

54、andedB.obscuredC.cultivatedD.exaggerated【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项expanded “扩充的，展开的”；B选项obscured “遮蔽的，湮没的”；C选项cultivated “有教养的；栽培的，培植的”；D选项exaggerated “夸张的，言过其实的”。本句表示“当你胜利时，你的错误会被（ ）；当你失败时，你的错误会被放大。”根据句意可知空格处应填magnified（放大的）的反义词，因此B选项正确。15. 单选题For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying

55、science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three

56、hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human development long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning,

57、rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day these days on the issue of nuclear energy. Give it back, say some of the voices, it doesnt really work, wed tried it and it doesnt work, go ba

58、ck three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.The principal discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certaintyNewtonian mech

59、anics, for examplehave slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of

60、Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for

61、 taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagination.It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can li

62、e ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.1.What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?2.The principle discovery in this century shows（ ）.3.Now scientists have found in