2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前模拟强化练习题11（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.问题1选项A.Traffic routes.B.A driving test.C.A video game.D.Cargo logistics.问题2选项A.He found it instructive and realistic.B.He introduced it to his brother last year.C.He was really drawn to its other

2、 versions.D.He bought it when touring Europe.问题3选项A.The key role of the logistics industry.B.The details in the driving simulator.C.Driving from one city to another.D.Traveling all over the country.问题4选项A.Stricter traffic rules.B.More people driving safely.C.Clearer road signs.D.More self-driving tr

3、ucks on the road.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B【解析】Conversation OneW: This is unbelievable! 1 Unlike any video game Ive ever played before, its so boring yet so relaxing at the same time. How did you hear about this driving simulator?M: My brother introduced it to me last year. 2 I was surprised to find h

4、ow educational and realistic it was. Its called Euro Truck Simulator, but they have other versions as well for America and so on. I was really drawn to the scenery. The routes go through parts of the country you dont normally see as a tourist.W: Yeah, I can see that. It seemed so simple, just transp

5、orting cargo from point A to point B, driving from one city to another. 3 But I really appreciate all the details that go into the game. Its even given me a new appreciation for the logistics industry and traffic on the road.M: I completely agree. My brother also introduced me to some videos of some

6、one that streamed their game online. It was fascinating to watch really. This guy drove very carefully, obeyed all the road signs and traffic rules. Such a contrast to most violent games!W: Honestly, playing has inspired me to look into the industry more. Ive read articles about how self-driving tru

7、cks may soon be available and could greatly impact cargo logistics. Considering all that goes into driving these larger vehicles, its amazing that we could soon have that kind of technology.M: Ha, Ive gone one step further. I registered to take a safe-driving course to improve my real-life driving s

8、kills. In a way, I feel like I have a head start compared to other students in the class. Playing this video game has given me some maneuvering practices already.W: Im not sure how accurate the video game is compared to real-life situations. 4 But if it results in more drivers looking both ways befo

9、re entering an intersection, Id say thats a positive outcome.1. Whatre the speakers mainly talking about?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问的是两位说话人正在谈论的主题。对话开头女士便说道：“这和我以前玩的任何一款电子游戏都不一样”（Unlike any video game Ive ever played before.），接下来的对话也都是围绕着一款电子游戏（video game）进行展开，因此C选项“电子游戏”正确。A选项“交通路线”和D选项“货物物流”只是与这款游戏的具体内容和设置有关

10、，不是说话人谈论的主题；B选项“驾驶考试”也只是谈话中提到的部分内容，不是谈话主题，因此排除。2. What does the man say about the driving simulator?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问关于这款驾驶模拟游戏，男士说了什么？录音中男士提到他惊讶的发现这款游戏既有教育意义（educational），场景又逼真（realistic），A选项中的instructive“富有教育意义的”是对录音中educational的同义替换，而realistic是原词复现，因此A选项正确。B选项“去年他把它（这款游戏）介绍给了他的兄弟”与录音表述恰好相反，应该是男士的兄

11、弟将这款游戏介绍给了他，因此B选项不正确；C选项“他真的被其他版本吸引住了”主要是利用other versions设置干扰，选择主要是错在“drawn（吸引）”一词，这一信息录音并没有提及，因此C选项排除；D选项“这是他在欧洲旅行时买的”在录音中没有提及，因此也可排除。3. What does the woman say she really appreciates?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问女士说她真正欣赏这款游戏的哪一点？录音中女士明确表示，她真的很喜欢这款游戏中的所有细节，因此B选项“驾驶模拟游戏中的细节”正确。A选项“物流业的关键作用”，录音中只是提及这款游戏让女士对物流业和道路

12、交通有了全新的认识，并不是女士真正欣赏的地方，因此A选项与题干不符；C选项“从一个城市开车到另一个城市”是女士对游戏内容的描述，与题干不符；D选项“游遍全国”在录音中没有信息表明，因此排除。4. What outcome does the woman expect from the driving simulator?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问女士期望这款模拟驾驶游戏能带来什么样的结果？对话最后，女士说：“如果这款游戏能让更多的司机在进入十字路口时多往两边看一眼，那么我会说这是一个积极的结果。”由此可知，女士希望这款游戏能够让更多的司机在开车时多注意交通安全，B选项“更多的人安全驾驶”与

13、录音表述的内容相符，因此正确。A选项“更严格的交通规则”，女士只是说希望开车的人能自觉注意交通安全，并未提及制定严格的交通规则，因此不正确；C选项“更清楚的路标”在录音中没有信息提及；D选项“路上出现更多的自动驾驶卡车”是女士所读过的文章中的观点，并不是女士所期望的结果，因此不正确。2. 单选题The sergeant looked sharply into the eyes of the conscripts standing before him and snapped, （ ） the same mistake again!”问题1选项A.dont you makeB.Do not yo

14、u makeC.You not makeD.Make you not【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。在否定的祈使句中可以带出主语，这种情况下否定结构只能用dont,不用do not。句意：中士眼神犀利地看着站在他面前的士兵说道：“不要再犯同样的错误！”。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题（ ）she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.问题1选项A.Just whenB.It was whileC.Soon afterD.During the time when【答案】B【解析】考查强调句型。It is +被强调部分+that+其他成分

15、，选项B符合题意。4. 单选题The problem is inherent and（ ）in any democracy, but it has been more severe in ours during the past quarter-century because of the near universal denigration of government,politics and politicians.问题1选项A.perishableB.periodicalC.perverseD.perennial【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。perishable “易腐坏的；易毁灭的

16、”；periodical “周期的；定期的”；perverse “堕落的，不正当的”；perennial “多年生的；常年的；长期存在的”。分析句子结构可知，填空处所填词应和前面的inherent“固有的”意思相近，所以选项D最为恰当。句意：任何民主的问题都是固有的，长期存在的，但是在过去二十五年中，由于近年来普遍对政府、政治，还有政治家的诋毁使得这个问题更为严峻。所以选项D正确。5. 单选题Thousands of Medicare patients with chronic medical conditions have been wrongly（ ）access to necessary

17、 care.问题1选项A.grudgedB.deniedC.negatedD.invalidated【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。grudge“怀恨”；deny“否认，拒绝”；negate“否认，无效”，比较正式；invalidate“使无效”。句意：成千上万患有长期慢性病的医保病人没有得到正确的必要治疗。选项B符合题意。6. 单选题Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.It helps employees to reduce their stress.B.It prevents emp

18、loyees from feeling bored.C.It strengthens harmony among employees.D.It helps employees to view things positively.问题2选项A.Weekends are conducive to reducing stress.B.Humor is vital to interpersonal relationships.C.All workers experience some emotional stress.D.Humor can help workers excel at routine

19、tasks.11.问题3选项A.Smash the toys to release their bottled-up resentments.B.Take the boss doll apart as long as they reassemble it.C.Design and install stress-reducing gadgets.D.Strike at the boss doll as hard as they like.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B【解析】Passage One“Too many people view their jobs as a five-day

20、 prison which they are paroled every Friday,” says Joel Goodman, founder of the Humor Project, a humor consulting group in Saratoga Springs, New York. Humor unlocks the office prison because it lets adults bring some of their childlike spirit to the job.According to Howard Pollio, professor of psych

21、ology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, an office with humor breaks is an office with satisfied and productive employees. 10 Pollio conducted a study that proved humor can help workers excel at routine production tasks. Employees perform better when they have fun. In large corporations with

22、 a hierarchy of power, there is often no outlet for stress. “Every company needs underground ways of poking fun at the organization,” says Lynn M. Mark, a speaker on workplace humor for Saint Marys Health Center in Saint Louis.Kodaks Rochester, New York branch discovered a way for its 20,000 employe

23、es to uncork their bottled-up resentments. 9 Their 1,000-square-foot humor room features a toy store. Among the rooms many stress-reducing gadgets, the main attraction is a boss doll with detachable arms and legs. 11 Employees can take the doll apart as long as they put its arms and legs back in pla

24、ce.Sandy Cohen, owner of a graphic print production business, created the quote board to document the bizarre phrases people say when under strict deadlines. “When youre under stress, you say stupid things,” says Cohen. Now we just look at each other and say “Thats one for the quote board”.9. What d

25、oes the passage say about humor in the workplace?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问关于职场中的幽默，这篇短文说了什么？录音提到了职场幽默的例子，其中一个是柯达纽约罗彻斯特分公司的humor room“幽默房间”，该房间里有很多让人减轻压力的物件（stress-reducing gadgets），其中之一是可拆卸的“老板玩偶”。由此可知，职场的幽默可以让人减轻压力，A选项“它能帮助员工减轻压力”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。B选项“它让员工不再无聊”；C选项“它使员工之间的关系更和谐”和D选项“它帮助员工积极地看待事物”在录音中均没有信息提及，所以

26、可排除。10. What does the study by Howard Pollio show?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问Howard Pollio的研究表明了什么？录音提到Howard Pollio的研究证明了幽默能帮助员工出色地完成日常的工作任务（humor can help workers excel at routine production tasks），D选项“幽默可以帮助员工在日常工作中表现出色”是录音原文的复现，因此正确。A选项“周末有助于减轻压力”和B选项“幽默对人际关系极其重要”在录音中均没有信息提及；C选项“所有的员工均遭受情绪压力”，这并不是Howard Po

27、llio的研究结论，因此可排除。11. What can Kodaks employees do in the humor room?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问柯达的员工在“幽默房间”可以做什么事？录音提到了humor room中有可拆卸的“老板玩偶”，员工可以把“老板玩偶”拆掉，不过拆后得把玩偶的手和脚拼回去。B选项中的reassemble it“重新组装”对应录音的put its arms and legs back in place，因此B选项“把老板玩偶拆掉，拆后再重新组装”正确。A选项“把玩具砸碎以发泄满腔怨恨”和D选项“狠狠地揍老板玩偶，多狠都可以”表述过于绝对，忽略了“拆后

28、重新组装”这个条件，因此不正确；C选项“设计、安装减轻压力的物件”在录音中没有提及，因此可排除。7. 单选题The boy has learned from fairy stories that what at first seems a（ ）, threatening figure can magically change into a most helpful friend.问题1选项A.benevolentB.repulsiveC.compulsiveD.imperative【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。benevolent “仁慈的，慈善的”；repulsive “令人厌恶的，冷淡

29、的”；compulsive “强制的，强迫的”；imperative “必要的，紧要的”。句意：男孩从童话故事里知道那些第一眼看起来令人厌恶的并且危险的人物会魔法般地变成一个最有用的朋友。选项B符合题意。8. 单选题At the press conference, the Prime Minister（ ）the governments refusal to compromise with terrorists.问题1选项A.rectifiedB.recitedC.rekindledD.reiterated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。rectify“调整，矫正”；recite “背诵，叙述

30、”；rekindle “复燃”；reiterate “重申，重复”。句意：在记者招待会上，首相重申了政府拒绝向恐怖分子妥协这一申明。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题John said that the richer countries of the world should make a（ ）effort to help the poorer countries.问题1选项A.futileB.glitteringC.franticD.concentrated【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。futile “徒劳的”；glittering “闪闪发光的”；frantic “狂乱的”；concentr

31、ated “集中的”。句意：约翰说更富裕的国家应该集中去帮助贫穷的国家。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题In your teens, peer-group friendships may（ ）from parents as the major influence on you.问题1选项A.take controlB.take placeC.take upD.take over【答案】D【解析】考查动词词组固定搭配。take over from “取而代之”。选项D符合题意。11. 单选题Foreign businessmen（ ）hesitate to invest a large sum o

32、f money in a time-consuming and high-cost project if the country is under political disturbances.问题1选项A.permanentlyB.routinelyC.temporarilyD.unswervingly【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。permanently “永久地；长期不变地”；routinely “例行公事地，老一套地”；temporarily “临时地”；unswervingly “坚定不移地”。句意：如果一个国家政局不稳，外商通常会犹豫是否投资耗时长、成本高的项目。选项B符合题意。1

33、2. 单选题Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.问题1选项A.It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warming.B.It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.C.It studies the impacts of global climate change on peoples lives.D.It trie

34、s to predict the possible trends of global climate change.问题2选项A.It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.B.It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact.C.It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries.D.It is bound to cause endless disp

35、utes among nations.问题3选项A.The raising of peoples awareness.B.The signing of a global agreement.C.The cooperation among world major powers.D.The transition to low-carbon energy systems.问题4选项A.Plan well in advance.B.Adopt new technology.C.Carry out more research on it.D.Cut down energy consumption.【答案

36、】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A【解析】Conversation OneW: Professor Henderson, could you give us a brief overview of what you do, where you work and your main area of research?M: 1 Well, the Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy. Some of

37、 our research is to do with the likely impacts of climate change and all of the associated risks.W: And how strong is the evidence that climate change is happening that is really something we need to be worried about?M: Well, most of the science of climate change, particularly that to do with global

38、 warming, is simply fact. But other aspects of the science are less certain, or at least more disputed. And so we are really talking about risk, 2 What the economics tells us is that its probably cheaper to avoid climate change to avoid the risk than it is to deal with the likely consequences.W: So

39、what are we doing? What can we do about it?M: Well, I would argue that we need to develop the science specifically to understand the likely impacts of climate change in different contexts. As I said, we need to understand the best ways of avoiding climate change. 3 And this will involve a huge trans

40、ition to low-carbon energy systems. And the transition is a tremendous priority. And for this to happen, we may need action on a global scale. From a political perspective, we need to understand the terms on which major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement because at

41、the moment we dont have that consensus.W: RightM: 4 And we also need to plan ahead so that were in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable, and even more so too for the levels that are likely if we dont get those global agreements.1. What does Profess

42、or Henderson say about his main area of research?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问关于他的主要研究领域，亨德森教授说了些什么？对话开头，女士开门见山地问亨德森教授其主要的研究领域是什么。亨德森教授回答说他在气候研究中心工作，该中心主要是把一些有关经济和政策的问题与气候变化这门科学联系起来。B选项“它将气候变化的科学与经济和政策问题联系起来”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它着重于各国应对全球变暖所能做出的努力”，录音最后只是提到亨德森教授希望主要国家能签署全球协议，但没有提到他的研究致力于让所有国家一起应对全球变暖，因此A选项可排除；C选项

43、“研究全球气候变化对人们生活的影响”，录音提到这只是他们的部分研究，并不是主要研究范围，因此C选项不正确；D选项“预测全球气候变化可能发生的趋势”在录音中没有提及。2. What does Professor Henderson say about climate change?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问关于气候变化，亨德森教授说了什么？录音中，亨德森教授提到，经济学告诉我们：比起应对气候变化可能带来的最终后果，我们预防气候变化所花的代价要更少。A选项“处理气候变化的后果将比避免气候变化的代价更大”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。B选项“需要很长时间才能就其影响达成共识”，录音只是提到主要

44、国家在如何共同应对气候变化的方面还没有达成共识，并没有提及达成共识仍需一段时间，因此排除B选项；C选项“对于所有国家来说，气候变化是最紧迫的一个议题”在录音中没有信息提及；D选项“气候变化肯定会在各国之间带来无穷的争议”利用录音中出现的disputed一词作干扰，亨德森教授说的是在气候变化这门科学上，除全球变暖外，其他方面还存在争议，并不是说会在各国之间带来争议，因此D选项不正确。3. What does Professor Henderson say is a top priority in combating climate change?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问亨德森教授认为应对

45、气候变化的首要任务是什么？录音提到，亨德森教授认为我们需了解避免气候变化的最佳方法，这涉及向低碳能源系统转换的问题，而我们应该优先解决这一问题。因此D选项“向低碳能源系统的过渡”正确。A选项“提高人们的意识”和C选项“世界主要国家之间合作”在录音中均没有信息提及；B选项“全球协议的签署”在录音中虽然有所提及，但不是应对气候变化的首要任务，因此B选项可排除。4. What does Professor Henderson advise us to do to better deal with climate change?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问为了更好地应对气候变化，亨德森教授建议我们

46、做些什么？录音最后亨德森教授提到，为应对全球变化可能带来的影响，我们需要提前做好准备。A选项“提前做好准备”中的in advance是录音中ahead的同义替换，因此正确。B选项“采用新科技”；C选项“开展更多研究”和D选项“降低能耗”在录音中均未提及，因此可排除。13. 单选题Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.问题1选项A.Their obsession with consumption.B.Their failure to accumulate wealth.C.The ever-increa

47、sing costs of housing.D.The deterioration of the environment.问题2选项A.Things that are rare to find.B.Things that cost less money.C.Things that boost efficiency.D.Things that we cherish most.问题3选项A.They serve multiple purposes.B.They benefit the environment.C.They are mostly durable.D.They are easily d

48、isposable.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A【解析】Recording OneDid you know that Americans have approximately three times the amount of space we have fifty years ago? Therefore, youd think wed have sufficient room for all of our possessions. On the contrary, the personal storage business is now a growing industry. W

49、eve got triple the space, but 16 weve become such enthusiastic consumers that we require even more. This phenomenon has resulted in significant credit card debt, enormous environmental footprints, and perhaps not coincidentally, our happiness levels have failed to increase over the same half century

50、.Im here to suggest an alternativethat having less might actually be a preferable decision. Many of us have experienced, at some stage, the pleasure of possessing less. I propose that less stuff and less space can not only help you economize, but also simplify your life. I recently started an innova

51、tive project to discover some creative solutions that offered me everything I required. By purchasing an apartment that was 40 square meters instead of 60, I immediately saved $200,000. Smaller space leads to reduced utility bills and also a smaller carbon footprint because its designed around an ed

52、ited collection of possessions, limited to my favorite stuff. Im really excited to live there.How can we live more basically? Firstly, we must ruthlessly cut the unnecessary objects out of our lives. To stem consumption, we should think before we buy, and ask ourselves, “will it truly make me happie

53、r?” Obviously, we should possess some great stuff, 17 but we want belongings that were going to love for years. Secondly, we require space efficiency. We want appliances that are designed for use most of the time, not for occasional use. Why own a six-burner stove when you rarely use even three burn

54、ers? Finally, 18 we need multifunctional spaces and housewares. I combined a movable wall with transforming furniture to get more out of my limited space. Consider my coffee table. It increases in size to accommodate ten. My office is tugged away, easily hidden. My bed simply pops out the wall. For

55、gas, I can relocate the movable wall and utilize the foldable guest beds I installed.Im not saying, we should all live in tinier apartments, but consider the benefits of an edited life. When you return home and walk through your front door, take a moment to ask yourselves, “could I do with a little

56、life editing? Will that give me more freedom and more time?”16. What has prevented Americans happiness levels from increasing?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问是什么阻碍了美国人幸福水平的提高？录音提到，这一现象导致了大量的信用卡债务而且也许并非巧合的是，我们的幸福水平在过去的半个世纪里并没有提高。这一现象即上一句提到的：我们已经成为如此热情的消费者。A选项“他们（美国人）对消费的痴迷”是对原文weve become such enthusiastic consumers

57、的同义转述，因此正确。B选项“他们没有积累财富”和C项“日益增长的住房成本”在录音中没有信息提及；D选项“环境的恶化”，利用environment设置干扰，录音原文所说的是大量环境足迹而不是环境恶化，因此D选项不正确。17. What things should we possess according to the speaker?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问根据说话者的说法，我们应该拥有哪些东西？录音中说话者提到：显然，我们应该拥有一些很棒的东西，但我们想要的是能让我们喜欢多年的东西。因此D选项“我们最珍惜的东西”正确。A选项“很难找到的东西”和B选项“花费较少的东西”在录音中并未提及

58、；C选项“能提高效率的东西”，利用录音中的efficiency设置干扰，录音中只是提到我们需要空间效率，选项与原文表述不符，因此排除。18. What do we learn about the items in the speakers home?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问我们从说话者家里的物品中了解到什么？录音中提到说话人认为我们需要更多的空间以及多功能的家庭用品，接着讲述了自己家里的物品，他把活动墙和改造家具结合起来，让有限的空间得到更多的利用，由此可知，作者家中的物品有多种用途，因此A选项正确。B选项“它们对环境有益”；C选项“它们大多是耐用的”；D选项“它们很容易被丢弃”在录音

59、中均没有信息提及，因此排除。14. 单选题Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.问题1选项A.It is now the biggest and busiest airport in Europe.B.It is the worst managed airport in German history.C.It has become a typical symbol of German efficiency.D.It has become something of a joke among German

60、s.问题2选项A.The city wanted to attract more tourists.B.The city wanted to boost its economy.C.The city had just been reunified.D.The citys airport are outdated.问题3选项A.Problems of different kinds kept popping up.B.Shortage of funding delayed its construction.C.The construction firm breached the contract

61、.D.The municipal government kept changing hands.问题4选项A.Complaints by local residents increase.B.Huge maintenance costs accumulate.C.All kinds of equipment gets rusted.D.Tourism industry in Berlin suffers.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B【解析】Recording ThreeToday Im going to talk about Germanys dream airport i

62、n Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty. Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport this reputation could not be further from the truth. Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, 22 the airport has become something of a joke among Germansand a source of frustration for local