20吨燃煤工业锅炉自动控制毕业设计精
20吨燃煤工业鋸炉燃烧系统自动控制设廿能源二班一一杨冠林摘要錮炉是热电厂最基本也是最主要的设备, 我国目前在用的 中小型鋸炉有50多开台,每年燃煤3亿吨以上,在为数以JJ计的工厂和家庭带去能源的同时,也造成了严重的坏境 污染和资源浪费间题,这其中尤以燃煤鋸炉间題突出。因此, 减少燃煤锅炉的排放, 提高热效率, 以达到节能环 保,经济高效是我们追求的最终目标,我们的烟气含氧量 参与控制的自控系统设计也应运而生。关鍵词:气含氧量参与腔制燃烧系统自动腔制节能坏保ABSTRACT Thermal power plant boiler is the most basic and most main equipment, thedomestic middle and small boiler in use has more than 50. ten thousand, niorethan 300 million Ions of coal a year, in a few lens of thousands of factories andfamilies bring energy at the same time, also caused serious environmentalpollution and resource waste problems, and the problems especially incoal-fired boiler. Although decades technical renovation, but still hasnt been afundamental change. Reducing emissions of coal-fired boiler, therefore,improve the thermal efficiency, energy conseivation and environmentalprotection, in order to achieve the ultimate goal of economic efficiency is ourpursuit, our control system design of flue gas oxygen content control functionis also anses at the histone moment.Manual coal-fired boiler combustion system are analyzed in detail and thedevelopment trend of antomafic control and the present situation, the variouskinds of instruments and equipment needed for the system design in the listand evaluation, the features of the system, the automatic control process areanalyzed. And from the economical and environmental protection for twokinds of combustion system of automatic control scheme comparison, aftercomparing the advantages and disadvantages of both optimal flue gas oxygencontent control function is selected as the design of automatic control systemdesign.In this paper, design of the operation of the control system is stable andreliable Can greatly improve the energy efficiency, save energy, reduceemissions, to achieve environmental protection and sustainable development.With considerable social benefit and economic benefit.Key Words: The flue gas oxygen content in control Combustion systemAuto-Control Energy saving and environmental protection系统论述 1、燃煤工业锅炉自动控制系统的发展与现状2、燃煤工业錮炉燃烧自控系统的设廿、方案论证3、主婆卄算过程 4、仪器设备的选择 5、系统经济分析工业锅炉简介鋸炉的发展历程 (1)纯手动阶段-(2)自动化单元组合仪表控制阶目-(3)撒机测控阶段-(4)智能控制理论推广阶段燃烧自动控制的基本要求(1 )保证所产蒸汽压力的稳定,能按负荷变化自行控制 ,自动增减燃料量;(2)保证良好地燃烧,供气适当。肪止空气不足时烟囱 冒黑烟因空气过量而增加热量的损失;(3)保持炉膛有适当的负压以保讣鋼炉安全运行,负压 太小会造成炉瞠内热烟气向外泄露, 彭响工作人员和设备 的安全,负压过大会使大量的冷空气进人炉内,增大热损 失。设廿方案论证现在主要的控制方法:A 模糊控制PID控制SMITH预估补偿控嗣“燃料-空气”比值控制烟气含氧量参与控M“燃料空气比值控制蒸汽出口压力稳定.燃空比不变.妆表少 不能完全燃烧.不能保证动态的空气燃料比的II定点点优缺烟气含氧量参与控制保证燃烧il程中燃料与空气的比值的最优比系统复杂.仪表多、容易出錯燃烧糸统整体设计rnmof nw一L.lvtllk补炉E仍八总宅*wxcrwtbts91 “MH弓I风:LRg 机a点点优缺燃料控制系统的设廿送风控制糸统引风控制系统IF J汕饶Vs炉膛- 制鹉g 调节阀炉證负斥基础参数设计额定压力:0.4Mpa设计额定负荷:14Mw进水管DN: 100mm蒸汽管DN225mm进水流量:420T/h工作温度:60(压力损失尽量小蒸汽性质:饱合蒸汽允许压力损失:0.1MPa炉膛负压范围:10-20 Pa即e二0.015 X 225.1S2 - 3.38nun.E = 0.03 X 22S.152 = 6.76mm-仪器投备的选择变送器主蒸汽压力变送器适科暧通机电设备科枝有限处司256EX的Setra汽压力变送器炉膛负压变送器A 北京英泰德科技有限公司B0600型差压变送器氧化错氧量变送器山海晓周电子仪表工贸有限公司YYB94型氧量变送器有e=3. 38TnptE二6 76mm而X二45 孔孔板的庠度Ee E 0.05节流孔的厚度e町0.005DE 仪器设备的选择变频器罗克韦尔公司 133GPIusll 系列 J133GF-B 150 型耳变順器WRP-130型热电偶压力测量元件炉nt负压:DBY-010型傲压变送器辅助仪器阻尼器:DFZ-01电流转换器:DZLX-1100带报警的压力常示仪:C2103糸统经济分析按8%效率提高 S1=15000*8%*600=720000元利用变频器节约直接调节哲板用电 S2=30000*0.87=26100元 S=S1+S2=720000+26100=796100元温度测元件整套系统的总投资为non元 T=K / S=1100000 / 796100=1.38年一杨超林