2022年ACCA英国注册会计师考前难点冲刺押题卷带答案14

2022年ACCA英国注册会计师考前难点冲刺押题卷带答案1. 单选题 Which of the following statements in relation to liquidated damages is correct? A  Liquidated damage clauses are void and unenforceable in contract law B Liquidated damage clauses must be highlighted in the contract C  The purpose of liquidated damage clauses is to deter potential breaches of contract D  Liquidated damages are only payable where a condition of a contract is breached 考点 Chapter6Breachofcontractandremedies解析 Liquidated damage clauses are onerous terms that must be highlighted in the contract. They are valid and enforceable. Their purpose is to compensate the innocent party for losses incurred, not to deter breaches of contract. They are payable where conditions, warranties and innominate terms are breached.2. 单选题 Which of the following would not represent an ethical objective in relation to employment practices?A Guarantee of minimum wagesB Proactive health, safety and welfare promotionC Promotion of workforce diversityD Employability training考点 Chapter19Ethicalconsiderations解析 Rationale： Employability training helps employees to get other employment but it is not an ethical objective.3. 材料题 The managers have now been told that although the levels of glass inventory did not change during July, wood inventory rose by 15 kg. Which manager will need to have this fact accounted for in their performance appraisal? A Purchasing managerB Production manager考点 考点：Chapter20Standardcosting解析 Production manager4. 单选题 A cost centre had an overhead absorption rate of $4.25 per machine hour, based on a budgeted activity level of 12,400 machine hours.In the period covered by the budget, actual machine hours worked were 2% more than the budgeted hours and the actual overhead expenditure incurred in the cost centre was $56,389.What was the total over or under absorption of overheads in the cost centre for the period?A $1,054 over absorbedB $2,635 under absorbedC $3,689 over absorbedD $3,689 under absorbed考点 Chapter22Applicationofperformancemeasurement解析                                                                                      $Absorbed overhead (12,400 x 1.02 x $4.25)               53,754Actual overhead                                                          56,389Under-absorbed overhead                                           2,6355. 单选题 Reliability, responsibility, , courtesy and respect are the personal qualities expected of an accountant. Which of the following words correctly complete this statement? A AccountabilityB Social responsibilityC TimelinessD Ambition考点 Chapter19Ethicalconsiderations解析 Rationale： Accountability and social responsibility are classed as professional qualities, notpersonal qualities. Ambition is a personal quality - but is not considered essential in a professional ethics context： it caneven pose ethical dilemmas Pitfalls： You need to read the question stems carefully to pick up fine distinctions such as 'personal' and 'professional'.6. 材料题 材料全屏 Mai Co currently sells 25 styles of sports watches. The market has remained static with an overall revenue of $50 million. Mai Co is always trying to bring out new designs and colours to try and increase market share or at least maintain it. In order to not fall behind their competitors, Mai Co tries to bring new products to the market quickly. Therefore Mai Co undertakes market research one year, and the results of that market research are incorporated in the new styles/colours that are launched the next year. Historically, Mai Co have measured their performance by looking for an increase in the revenue and net profit figures and ensuring that there is cash in the bank. A new financial manager has been appointed who is keen to increase the range of performance measures used by Mai Co. The following data is available:                                                        Year ended 31 October 20X3                Year ended 31 October 20X4 Revenue                                                       $5.75 million                                       $ 6 million Number of styles                                           22                                                       25 Net profit                                                       $345,000                                            $348,000 Mark research costs                                     $200,000                                            $150,000   54 【简答题】 Calculate: (i) Net profit percentage for 20X4  (ii) Market share for 20X4  (iii)Increase in revenue (iv) Revenue per style of watch for 20X4  (v) Increase in sales per $ of market research  考点 考点：Chapter21Performancemeasurement解析 Calculations(i) Net profit percentage = $348,000/$6,000,000 = 5.8%(ii) Market share $6,000,000/$50,000,000 = 12%(iii) Increase in revenue = $0.25m/$5.75m = 4.35%(iv) Revenue per style of watch = $6,000,000/25 = $240,000(v) Increase in sales per $ of market research = $250,000/$200,000 = 1.257. 简答题 P Harrington is a golf ball manufacturer. Classify the following costs by nature direct or indirect) in the table below.                 Cost                                               Direct                   Indirect Machine operators wages   Supervisors wages   Resin for golf balls   Salesmen's salaries   考点 Chapter4Costclassification解析        Cost                                             Direct                   IndirectMachine operators wages                     对Supervisors wages                                                                对Resin for golf balls                                 对Salesmen's salaries                                                              对8. 单选题 Which of the following statements are true? (i) A flexed budget allows businesses to evaluate a manager's performance more fairly (ii) A fixed budget is useful for defining the broad objectives of the organisation (iii) Relying on fixed budgets alone would usually give rise to massive variancesA (i) and (iii) onlyB (i) and (ii) onlyC (ii) and (iii) onlyD (i), (ii) and (iii)考点 Chapter16Thebudgetaryprocess解析 Statement (i) is true because certain factors are often out of the manager's control. The level of sales (or production) will be out of the manager's control and a flexed budget will account for this. Statement (ii) is true. The major purpose of a fixed budget is at the planning stage when it seeks to define the broad objectives of the organisation. Statement (iii) is true because forecast volumes are very unlikely to be equal to actual volumes and so the variances will contain large volume differences.9. 单选题 Which one of the following statements correctly defines non-current assets?A Assets that are held for use in the production of goods or services and are expected to be used during more than one accounting period B Assets which are intended to be used by the business on a continuing basis, including both tangible and intangible assets that do not meet the IASB definition of a current asset C Non-monetary assets without physical substance that are controlled by the entity and from which future benefits are expected to flowD Assets in the form of materials or supplies to be consumed in the production process考点 Chapter8Tangiblenon-currentassets解析 Assets which are intended to be used by the business on a continuing basis, including bothtangible and intangible assets that do not meet the IASB definition of a current asset.10. 论述题 An investment centre with capital employed of $570,000 is budgeted to earn a profit of $119,700 next year. A proposed fixed asset investment of $50,000, not included in the budget at present, will earn a profit next year of $8,500 after depreciation. The company's cost of capital is 15%. What is the budgeted ROI and residual income for next year, both with and without the investment?                                                                                            ROI                         Residual income    Without investment                                          .                   .     With investment                                                .                   .  考点 Chapter17Divisionalperformanceandtransferpricing解析                                                                               ROI                     Residual income  Without investment                                         21.0%                       $34,200  With investment                                               20.7%                       $35,20011. 单选题 Which of the following statements concerning pre-incorporation contracts is correct? A  Pre-incorporation contracts must be ratified by the company B  Pre-incorporation contracts cannot be ratified by the company C  Pre-incorporation contracts can be ratified by the company if the third party agrees 考点 Chapter13Companyformation解析 Legally, pre-incorporation contracts cannot be ratified by the company.12. 单选题 Which of the following statements correctly describes a company's called up share capital?A The type, class, number and amount of shares issued and allotted to shareholdersB The maximum amount of share capital that a company can have in issueC The amount the company has required shareholders to pay on existing sharesD The amount shareholders have paid on existing shares考点 Chapter15Sharecapital解析 Called-up share capital is the amount the company has required shareholders to pay on existing shares. A company's issued share capital is the type, class, number and amount of shares issued to shareholders. The amount existing shareholders have paid on existing shares is the paid-up share capital.13. 材料题 A linear variable cost - when the vertical axis represents cost per unitA Graph 1B Graph 2C Graph 3D Graph 6考点 考点：Chapter5Costbehaviour解析 Graph 1 shows that cost per unit remains the same at different levels of activity.14. 单选题 For a product that has a positive unit contribution which of the following events would tend to increase total contribution by the greatest amount?A 10% decrease in variable costB 10% increase in selling priceC 10% increase in volume soldD 15% decrease in total fixed costs考点 Chapter9AbsorptionandmarginalCosting解析 Suppose we start with the following situation.                               $ per unitSelling price             100Variable cost            (60)Contribution             40Sales 1,000 units; total contribution $40,00015. 材料题 Actual overheads cost $170,000 and 40,000 machine hours were worked. 考点 考点：Chapter1Costing解析                                                                                                $ Actual overhead                                                           170,000  Absorbed overhead (40,000 × $4)                           160,000  Under-absorbed overhead                                          10,000 Reason: A combination of the reasons in (a) and (b).16. 单选题 In preparing its financial statements for the current year, a company's closing inventory was understated by $300,000. What will be the effect of this error if it remains uncorrected? A The current year's profit will be overstated and next year's profit will be understatedB The current year's profit will be understated but there will be no effect on next year'sC  The current year's profit will be understated and next year's profit will be overstatedD The current year's profit will be overstated but there will be no effect on next year's profit.考点 Chapter7Inventory解析 If closing inventory is understated, cost of sales will be overstated. Next year opening inventory will be understated and cost of sales will be understated. 17. 材料题 State from whom Greg can claim the outstanding debt 考点 考点：Chapter11Partnerships解析  Greg can claim from all three parties: Clare, Dan and Eve. 18. 单选题 Which of the following roles is NOT performed by the Registrar of Companies? A  Issuing each company's Certificate of Incorporation B  Registering companies that will be sold 'off-the-shelf' C  Filing a copy of each company's Register of Members D  Filing copies of each company's special resolutions 考点 Chapter13Companyformation解析 The Registrar is responsible for registering all companies and for issuing Certificates ofIncorporation. They also file copies of special resolutions sent in by each company. The Register ofMembers is only held by the company itself.19. 单选题 Which of the following describes the public offer method of allotting shares by a public company? A  An offer to the public to apply for shares based on information in a prospectus B  Members of the public subscribe for shares directly to the company C  Shares are offered in a small number of large blocks to persons or institutions who have previously agreed to purchase the shares at a pre-determined price 考点 Chapter15Sharecapital解析 A public offer is where the public subscribe for shares directly to the company. An offer for sale is an offer to the public to buy shares based on information in a prospectus. A placing involves individuals or institutions being offered shares in a small number of large blocks based on agreement to buy shares at a pre-determined price.20. 单选题 Which of the following is an example of cyclical unemployment?A The entry of school leavers into the labour pool each yearB Lay-offs among agricultural labourers in winterC Automation of ticketing services in tourismD Recession in the building industry考点 Chapter3Themacroeconomicenvironment解析 Rationale: Recession is part of the business cycle: demand for output and jobs falls, and unemployment rises until recovery is well under way. Option A is an example of frictional unemployment； option B of seasonal unemployment； option C  of  technological unemployment.Pitfalls: It is easy to confuse cyclical with seasonal unemployment, or frictional unemploy ment that occurs on a seasonal basis (eg option A). You need to associate cyclical employment firmly with business cycles.21. 单选题 Which of the following courts only has civil jurisdiction? A  The County Court B  The Magistrate's Court C The Court of Appeal D The Privy Council 考点 Chapter1Lawandthelegalsystem解析 It is the County Court that only has civil jurisdiction.22. 论述题 A standard unit of product contains two materials, P and Q. The standard direct materials cost is:                                                                                                                                   $  Material P                            0.1 kg at $8 per kg                                               0.8  Material Q                            0.3 kg at $4 per kg                                               1.2  Total direct material cost                                                                                   2.0  Management can control the mix of the materials and so, in standard costing variance reports, direct materials variances are reported as mix and yield variances.  In the period just ended, 45,000 units of finished products were made. They used 6,900 kg of Material P, which cost $7 per kg, and 12,600 kg of Material Q, which cost $5 per kg.  What was the adverse direct materials yield variance?  $ _ 考点 Chapter11Varianceanalysis解析  $7,500                                                                                                 Units 19,500 kg should yield (÷0.4)                                        48,750 but did yield                                                                       45,000 Yield variance in units                                                       3,750 (A) × Standard material cost per unit of output                       $2 Yield variance in $                                                            $7,500 (A) 23. 材料题 材料全屏 Fine Ltd specialises in providing software to the financial services industry. It has two offices, one in Edinburgh and the other, its main office, in London. In January 20X3, Gus was employed as a software designer attached to the Edinburgh office. However, in May 20X4, Gus was informed that he was to be transferred to the head office in London, which is more than 350 miles from his usual workplace. Gus refused to accept the transfer on the basis that he had been employed to work in Edinburgh not London. Consequently, on 1 June 20X4 he wrote to Fine Ltd terminating his contract with them. 31 【论述题】  Explain constructive dismissal with regard to the termination of an employment contract  考点 考点：Chapter9Dismissalandredundancy解析  Constructive dismissal takes place where the employer repudiates some vital term of the employment contract and, despite the employer's willingness to continue the employment, the employee resigns because of it. No notice of termination is served on either party. In such cases, the employer is liable for breach of contract and unfair dismissal.  24. 单选题 Which of the following would constitute direct discrimination?A Setting age limits or ranges in an employment advertisementB Offering less favourable terms to workers on flexible hours contractsC Using word-of-mouth recruitment in a predominantly male workforce考点 Chapter13Diversityandequalopportunities解析 Rationale： Now that age discrimination legislation is in force, this would be direct discrimination(akin to saying 'blue-eyed,English-speaking people only need apply'). The other options may well be construed as indirect discrimination.25. 单选题 With regard to the tests applied by the courts to determine whether a person is an employee or self-employed, which of the following describes the focus of the integration test? A Does the employer have control over how the person does their work? B Is the employee so skilled that they cannot be controlled in the performance of their duties? C  Does the person work on their own account? D  How long has the person worked for the employer? 考点 Chapter8Contractofemployment解析 The integration test asks whether the person is so skilled that they cannot be controlled in the performance of their duties. Lack of control indicates the person is not integrated into the employer's organisation. The control test considers whether the employer has control over the way the employee performs their duties. The multiple (economic reality) test considers whether the employee works on their own account.26. 材料题 Prepare a statement of financial position as at that date.考点 考点：Chapter6Fromtrialbalancetofinancialstatements解析 MR YOUSEFSTATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 MAY 20X6                                                                                                                 Accumulated                  Carrying                                                                                          Cost                depreciation                     value                                                                                               $                            $                                  $Non-current assets Equipment                                58,000                     27,700                       30,300Current assets