农业局局长在全县水稻病虫害防治工作会上的讲话

农业局局长在全县水稻病虫害防治工作会上的讲话一、当前水稻病虫害发生概况由于冬后病虫基数高，前期雨水多，迁飞性害虫迁入时间早，迁入量大，使得我县目前水稻病虫害发生呈现出重发生态势，且具有如下二大特点。1、重发生的病虫种类多。早稻一代二化螟全县普遍重发，且有的乡镇损失较大。特别是蚕桑主产区，由于养蚕正忙，有的无暇顾及防治一代二化螟，造成枯心率高达1015%；叶瘟在中优974等品种上呈现急性型病斑，且已有发病中心，并开始座蔸矮缩，发病中心的病叶率高达95%以上；稻飞虱百丛虫量一般为500只，高的达5000只，且若虫占85%以上，不少田块的虫量已超过防治指标；纹枯病年年重发，季季重发；稻象甲在部分乡镇的中稻秧田中为害较重，断苗率高达815%。2、发生为害时间早。今年稻飞虱迁入的时间较常年早1015天，虫源越冬地东南亚国家（如越南、菲律宾）及我国的广西、广东等地的稻飞虱不但发生期提早，而且虫口基数是常年同期的10多倍。目前，我县早稻田块稻飞虱虫口密度之高，发生期之早，若虫比例之大等都是多年来所没有的。二、早稻穗期重大病虫灾害发生趋势预测根据我们农业部门的田间调查、气象部门的天气预报，结合苗情等因素进行综合分析，预计我县早稻穗期病虫害发生趋势为重发生态势，其中稻飞虱大发生已成定局，穗瘟暴发成灾极有可能。其主要依据有三点：1、病虫基数高，大发生征兆明显。稻飞虱发生为害期早，虫口基数高，若虫比例大；叶瘟有急性型病斑，有发病中心。2、气候有利，大发生条件具备。目前不但病虫基数已具备大发生的可能，而且气候条件也非常有利，据气象部门预报，6月1215日，全县有4天明显降水过程，而此时正值早稻破口初期，所以穗瘟暴发流行极有可能，而暴雨又会使稻飞虱大批迫降我县，增加稻飞虱的虫源。3、穗期植株茂密，苗情有利。穗期正是穗瘟、飞虱和纹枯病等重大病虫发生的高危期，植株高大茂密，防治困难。农户习惯一亩一桶水，兑水量严重不足，药液喷施不均匀，不能到达飞虱栖息的稻丛基部和纹枯病发生的部位（稻丛中下部）。三、下步建议（一）当务之急是打好早稻穗期混合用药保穗战。打好早稻穗期“混合用药保穗战”工作应切实注意以下四个技术方面的问题。1、明确主攻病虫。这次混合用药保穗战役的主攻病虫为穗瘟、稻飞虱、纹枯病，同时，兼治纵卷叶螟及二代螟虫。2、把住关键时期。全县要在6月1525日期间，把住早稻破口抽穗初期及时喷药防治，做到先破口的田块先用药，后破口的后用药。对稻瘟发生严重的田块，还应在齐穗期再施药防治。3、选择对路农药。任何单位和个人不得向农民宣传、推广未经试验或经试验防效不佳的农药，以及内吸性不强的农药，如造成防效低下，大面积失收的，将依照江西省植物保护条例等有关法律、法规从严处理。为确保防效，维护广大农民的切身利益，各乡镇可统一使用以下高效对路防治药剂：防治穗瘟：瘟失顿（75%三环唑）、山野瘟清；防治稻飞虱：虱红、净杀星、艾美乐、山野飞、追命；防治纹枯病：20%井岗霉素粉剂；防治纵卷叶螟及二代螟虫；虫灭灵、赛打、螟路、螟跑、敌螟唑、螟清。4、科学混合用药。在水稻破口抽穗初期一定要全面施一次混合保穗药。每亩可用瘟失顿30克（或瘟清80毫升）+净杀星24克（或虱红、艾美乐2克）+20%井岗霉素粉剂50克+赛打（或虫灭灵、螟路）70100毫升（或螟跑30毫升）混合兑水45公斤，均匀喷雾。稻瘟发生重的田块，齐穗期应再亩用富士一号100毫升兑水45公斤，均匀喷雾一次。（二）进一步加大行政推动和技术指导的合力，确保“混合用药保穗”战役的全面胜利1、加强乡村两级的行政推动。重大病虫害的防控历来是“七分行政，三分技术”，如果没有行政力量的支持，就是再好的防治措施也是枉然。所以江西省植物保护条例第二十条明确规定：“乡级人民政府和村民委员会应当及时传递农业有害生物预报防治信息，组织当地农民和农业生产经营组织实施防治。”为此，我们必须发扬2005年“水稻病虫害防治年”的成功做法，依托乡村干部网络支持，继续实施病虫情报进村入户工程，实行干部送达农户，农民签收回执，以明确各自责任，督促防治工作的落实。同时，要加大宣传力度，利用一切宣传舆论工具进行宣传。农技站和各村委会要办好病虫防治宣传栏、墙报，县植保站要将病虫情报送到报社、电视台进行报道，各镇闭路电视也可以进行播放。早稻面积大的乡镇要采取出动宣传车、鸣锣警示等形式进行宣传告知农民。再是，要采取“统一组织，统一时间，统一方法，统一药剂”的四统一方法，运用行政手段，实行统防统治，力争把病虫害损失降到最低，确保早稻丰产丰收。在7月底8月初和中旬左右，还要分别打好一晚和二晚的穗期混合用药保穗战。2、加强防控病虫的技术指导与服务，县植保站要进一步搞好病虫监测预警工作，当好领导参谋，及时编发病虫情报，继续实施“行政+技术”双管齐下的措施，指导农民开展科学防治；乡镇农技站植保员要深入田间调查，面对面地指导。每周四向县植保站报送田间病虫调查实况。农业局政子成员和技术干部划片包干，明确专业技术人员的包乡责任。会议结束后，农业局所有专业技术人员都必须下到所分的乡镇，进村组、入农户、到田间指导农民科学防治。（三）加大农药市场的监管力度。县农业执法大队要充分发挥农药监管的执法主体作用，主动与工商、技监部门密切配合，按照市委赵书记提出的“没有一瓶假农药”的要求，进一步加大农药市场的监管力度，从严打击经营假冒伪劣农药的不法行为，确保农民利益不受侵害。农技站经营的农药等农资要确保质量，不得随意改变混合用药的品种，降低药效。违者将从严追究责任。同志们，早稻丰收与否，在此一战，让我们同心协力，切实打好这次早稻穗期“混合用药保穗”战，以确保农民增产增收。QcWA3PtGZ7R4I30kA1DkaGhn3XtKknBYCUDxqA7FHYi2CHhI92tgKQcWA3PtGshLs50cLmTWN60eo8Wgqv7XAv2OHUm32WGeaUwYDIAWGMeR4I30kA1DkaGhn3XtKknBYCUDxqA7FHYi2CHhI92tgKQcWA3PtGZ7R4I30kA1DkaGtgKQcWA3P 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