2018--2019学年人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the stars reading课时作业（1）.docx

Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the stars reading课时作业阅读理解ATEENSGIVING is an exciting yearly event where hundreds of New York City teens gather together annually for a remarkable day of community service. This year, TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 participants will once again better New York City and influence thousands of lives!    When is TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016?    Sunday, April 24, 2016    Where is TEENSGIVING?    All over New York City. Everyone will meet at the 92nd Street Y(92nd and Lexington) at 9: 00 am for the event kick-off. Then, all TEENSGIVING volunteers will go across the city to work with our partnering agencies where they will make a HUGE difference and have fun!    Who participates in TEENSGIVING?    Hundreds of teenagers from around the city. Teens come from the 92nd Street Y, various city schools, youth groups, and organizations in the area. In addition, many adult volunteers Caged 21 and older) will donate their time to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.    What projects do participants do at the agencies?    Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with poor and disabled children, assisting at animal shelters, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters.    Do I get anything for participating in TEENSGIVING?    Yes! Everybody benefits! Teen volunteers will receive “6 hours” of community service credit, good towards honor society, high school graduation and college application requirements. Adult volunteers will be thanked with a light breakfast, a gift certificate for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city's youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 T-shirt.    This sounds awesome! How do I register for TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016? Interested teens and/or adults should e-mail the TEENSGIVING Coordinator Josh Hyman at jhyman92Y. org<Cmailto: jhyman 92Y. orgXsubject:TEENSGIVING) to receive more information and to register for this fantastic event!    Teens can also contact their schools Community Service Advisor.    TEENSGIVING is sponsored by the 92nd Street Y.1.TEENSGIVING is an event which is held _.A.twice every yearB.every two yearsC.once every yearD.from time to time2.What can the teenagers do in this event?A.Give thanks to the adults.B.Take good care of animals.C.Clean the streets of New York.D.Work for high schools and colleges.3.An adult volunteer may get _ for his time devoted to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.A.a T-shirt and a gift certificateB.community service credit and a T-shirtC.a high school certificate and a light breakfastD.a gift certificate and community service credit4.The writer's purpose in writing this passage is to _.A.ask readers to donate their advice to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016B.encourage readers to ask more questions about TEENSGIVINGC.introduce TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 to readersD.inform readers of some frequently asked questions【答案及解析】：答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的TEENSGl VING is an exciting yearly event 可知,TEENSGIVIMG 是一个一年一度的激动人心的事件。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据 Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with poor and disabled children,assisting at animal shelters, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters, 可知,活动包括在公园长椅上绘画,园艺劳动,看望贫困、残疾儿童并且与他们玩耍,在动物收容所协助照看动物等。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据 Adult volunteers will he thanked with a light breakfast, a gift certificate for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city's youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 T-shirt. 可知, 成年志愿者将获得一份爱心早餐,一个解决他们烦恼的礼品券以及帮助我们城市青少年为他们的社区做贡献的满足感。另外,所有的青少年和成人志愿者都会获得一个很酷的2016春季TEENSGIVINGT恤。故选A。4.写作意图题。这篇文章向读者介绍了2016年春季TEENSGIVING的主要内容,以及如何申请参加这项活动。故作者的目的是给读者介绍这个活动,故选C。B Even as we breathe a sigh of relief watching the rescue of 33 miners trapped in a Chilean mine for more than two months, there is recognition that their recovery from this traumatic experience involves more than just their physical health. Survivors of disasters are at significant risk for such problems as depression and anxiety.    In an upcoming report, George A. Bonanno and colleagues note that disasters result in extreme psychological harm in a minority of individuals less than 30% of samples experience severe levels of these psychological problems. Just as there are a wide range of problems experienced following disasters, Bonanno and his co-authors observe there are also a number of outcome patterns. Some survivors will exhibit chronic dysfunction (慢性功能障碍) but the majority will go on to recover psychological function within a few months or years.    Following disasters, the most common form of immediate psychological intervention (介入) is Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) (危机事件应激晤谈). However, following a review of studies on the effectiveness of CISD, Bonanno and co-authors conclude, “Multiple studies have shown that CISD is not only ineffective but, as suggested earlier, in some cases can actually be psychologically harmful.”    “The data on crisis debriefing suggest that imposing such interventions on individuals doesn't work,” Lilienfeld says.  “If some of the miners want to talk to somebody to express their feelings, then by all means mental health professionals should be there to listen to them and support them. But for miners who would prefer not to talk much about the experience, it's best to leave them alone and respect their own coping mechanisms (应对机制).”    According to Bonanno and his co-authors, there are treatments that may be effective in helping survivors recover from disasters. Psychological first aid (PFA) which, among other things, provides practical help and helps develop a sense of safety and calmness among survivors  is a promising approach. For example, the community-centered intervention which helps maintain a sense of connectedness and quality of community life is beneficial to survivors of disasters.5.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “traumatic” in the first paragraph?A.Amusing.B.Upsetting.C.Impressive.D.Memorable.6.What can be inferred from Lilienfeld's words?A.The choices of interventions should follow the survivors' will.B.The survivors should often ask health professionals for advice.C.It's beneficial for the survivors to communicate with each other.D.The miners should be respected for their hard and dangerous work.7.According to the passage, which of the following methods is generally more effective?A.Help survivors fit in their communities.B.Urge survivors to join in volunteer programs.C.Ask survivors to speak out their experiences.D.Leave survivors alone to improve their emotions.8.What is the passage mainly about?A.The types of psychological problems.B.The harmful effects of mine accidents.C.The new research about the mental activity.D.The psychological help for survivors of disasters.【答案及解析】：答案：5.B; 6.A; 7.A; 8.D解析：5.词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句以及下文disasters可知,被困在煤矿中是一个令人痛苦的经历。6.推理判断题。根据第四段But for miners who would prefer not to talk much about the experience, it's best to leave them alone and respect their own coping mechanisms (应对机制).”可知,针对不同的灾难幸存者,应根据他们自己的意愿制定心理救援计划。7.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,让灾难幸存者融入自己的社区生活是帮助他们走出阴影比较有效的方法。选项B在文中并没有提及,C、D两项并不适合所有的人。故选A项。8.主旨大意题。全文主要说明了对灾难幸存者心理急救的有效方法,D项最为符合。CShould we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are  attractive. However, there  may  be other  reasonsfor example, economic (经济的)  reasonswhy they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的) and do not like change.Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.9.What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?A.Some of them are not attractive.B.Most of them are too expensive to preserve.C.They are more pleasing than modern buildings.D.They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.10.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?A.We should reproduce the same old buildings.B.Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.C.Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.D.No one understands why people speak against new buildings.11.By “move things forward” in the last paragraph , the author probably means“_”.A.destroy old buildingsB.put things in a different placeC.choose new architectural stylesD.respect people's feelings for historical buildings12.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To explain why people dislike change.B.To warn that we could end up living in caves.C.To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.D.To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.【答案及解析】：答案：9.A; 10.C;11.C; 12.D解析：9.【语篇导读】历史遗址是一个地方的文化瑰宝,在它的旁边是否可以修建现代化的建筑呢?不同的人有不同的意见,看看作者是从什么角度来进行辩论的。根据第一段中“Not all historical buildings are attractive”,可知A正确。考点定位: 考查细节理解。10.根据第二段中“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.”可知现代建筑和古代建筑一样都会破坏周围的地区。可知答案C正确。考点定位:考查推理判断。11.最后一段讲如果我们不创新,我们沿用古老的建筑风格,那么我们今天还生活在山洞里。“move things forward”在这句话里指“建筑师有责任进行革新,创造新的建筑风格。”故答案选C。考点定位:考查句子含义。12.根据第一段中第一句提出问题“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city?”现代建筑应该建筑古建筑旁吗?然后下面的文字来回答论证这一问题。故答案选D。【长难句分析】As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.只要讨论中的建筑令人愉悦,不太影响它周围的环境,它通常会提升这个地区的吸引力。该句为复合句。句中as long as引导条件状语从句;in question表示“在讨论中”。DIn my very first job with some archaeologists, I wasnt digging objects out of the ground, instead I was employed as an artist, drawing what they found. However, I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and thats how my career in archaeology started. I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.    In archaeology, my all-time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly. I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan, a country right in the heart of Asia. To get around the country, I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people.  When I got there I thought, “Wow! Im one of the first Americans here!” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist, Raphael Pumpelly, who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.    Archaeologys in my family. My wifes in the same profession, and, although our two boys arent interested in the future in archaeology themselves, weve been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us. Last summer, we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America, in the high areas of the Andes mountain range. My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast. Theres very little rain and its so dry that everything is kept as it was. In an old house, where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in, I picked up a 700-year-old mat in front of the house and there, under it, after all that time, was the house key with the owners name carved on it. It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that. This mans not much different to me!”13.While working in Egypt, what did the writer find so interesting?A.That people from different centuries can be so similar.B.The fact that the doormat was in such good condition.C.The way the people managed to live in such a dry place.D.That there had been so much trade in that area.14.Which entry will the writer probably make in his diary?A.Turkmenistan is interesting. Im the first American to come here but Im glad this is my last trip away.B.I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition. Ive just finished drawing them for my records.C.I wish my children werent more interested in archaeology and would not work hard in the open like their parents.D.Its nearly dark but Raphaels still busy digging in that old house. He can be very annoying. He thinks hes the most important person here.15.What is the writers main purpose in writing the text?A.To describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.B.To persuade people to take up archaeology as a career.C.To explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.D.To show how archaeologists work.【答案】：13.A; 14.B; 15.C