分析现阶段发展服务外包业所面临的困难

分析现阶段发展服务外包业所面临的困难（1）规模总量迅速增长。我国已成为全球第二大离岸外包目的地国家，2010 年，我国在岸服务外包收入为 2381.2 亿元人民币，离岸服务外包收入 144.5 亿美元。目前，全国服务外包企业超过 1 万家，承接、交付能力不断提高，外包企业共获得六类国际资质认证 2810 个，并涌现出一批员工数超万人、营业额超亿美元的领军企业，如中软国际、博彦科技、软通动力等。（2）示范效应明显。2010年商务部确定北京、上海等21个城市为服务外包示范城市，在市场导向和政府推动的共同作用下，服务外包示范城市建设取得明显成效，带动效应、辐射效应、聚集效应都十分明显，这些示范城市主要发展指标增幅均超过全国平均水平，执行金额占全国的95，企业家数占78。( 1 ) the total scale rapid growth. China has become the world's second largest offshore outsourcing destination countries, in 2010, China's onshore service outsourcing income is yuan RMB, the offshore service outsourcing income of $. At present, more than 1 national service outsourcing enterprises, to undertake, delivery capabilities continue to improve, outsourcing enterprises received a total of six international qualification certification 2810, and emerged a number of number of employees, turnover of over 10 thousand billion dollars over the leading enterprise, such as soft international, Beyondsoft, iSoftStone etc. ( 2 ) a significant demonstration effect. In 2010 the Ministry of Commerce to determine the 21 city of Beijing, Shanghai, for service outsourcing demonstration city, common role in promoting market orientation and government, service outsourcing model city construction has made remarkable achievements, driven effect, radiation effect, agglomeration effect is very obvious, the increase of main development index of these demonstration city more than the national average level, the implementation of the amount accounted for 95% of the country, a number of entrepreneurs accounted for 78%.长三角、珠三角、环渤海等地区已初步形成了以示范城市为核心的国际服务外包产业集聚带，对中西部地区的产业辐射效应凸显。The Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Bohai and other areas have formed a preliminary demonstration city as the core of the international service outsourcing industry agglomeration belt, highlights of industry radiation effects in the central and Western regions.（3）相关政策与措施不断完善。国家制定了“十二五”国家服务外包发展规划，标志着服务外包产业已经上升到国家战略层面，国家各部委陆续出台了包括财税、人才培训、大学生就业等20多项服务外包产业扶持政策。与此同时，综合服务体系逐步建成，网络、通信等基础设施进一步完善。( 3 ) the relevant policies and measures to improve. Countries have formulated the " development of the 12th Five-Year Plan " national service outsourcing, marks the service outsourcing industry has risen to the national strategic level, the ministries of the State Council promulgated including taxation, personnel training, the employment of college students and more than 20 service outsourcing industry support policy. At the same time, comprehensive service system and gradually built, network, communication and other infrastructure to further improve the.二、承接服务外包的经济影响分析。Analysis of the economic effects of two, service outsourcing.服务外包对承接国的有利影响分析。（1）增加服务贸易出口收入。2010年，我国服务外包业对外开放进一步扩大，离岸服务外包产业吸收外资规模和水平进一步提升，成为我国“引智”Analysis of service outsourcing on the beneficial effects of host country. ( 1 ) to increase the service trade export income. On 2010, the opening up of China's service outsourcing industry to further expand, offshore service outsourcing industry to further enhance the absorption of foreign capital scale and level, become China's "introduction "的重要渠道。The important channel.由于服务外包的提供方式主要借助于远程通讯手段，不直接接受海关的检查，能够有效地规避贸易壁垒，提高出口竞争力。Because of the way the service outsourcing is provided mainly by means of remote communication, not directly accept Customs checks, can effectively avoid trade barriers, improve the competitiveness of export.（2）促进产业结构升级。( 2 ) to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.服务外包业与传统产业相比，能耗下降20，产出却高出20倍，成为一国发展低碳经济、实现节能减排的重要手段。还能改进服务业内部的产业结构，如近年来软件开发、金融业服务外包的发展，推动了金融、保险、咨询等服务业以及信息、电子等技术密集型产业的转型。Service outsourcing industry, compared with the traditional industries, energy consumption fell 20%, the output is 20 times higher, become a country the development of low carbon economy, an important means to achieve energy-saving emission reduction. The internal industrial structure can improve the service industry, such as software development, financial service outsourcing in recent years, promoted the transformation of financial, insurance, consulting services and information, electronic technology intensive industry.（3）缓解就业压力。( 3 ) to alleviate the employment pressure.研究表明，服务外包创造的就业机会是制造业的25倍。Research shows that, the service outsourcing to create employment opportunities is manufacturing 2 5 times.截止2010年底，我国服务外包产业从业人员达到232.8万人，大学生占75。2010年吸纳大学生就业48.56万人，占当年大学毕业生人数的7.7。By the end of 2010, China's service outsourcing industry practitioners to reach 2328000 people, college students accounted for 75%. Graduates' employment in 2010 485600 people, accounted for 7.7% of the number of University graduates.此外，服务外包业是典型的高收入行业，2009 年信息传输、计算机服务和软件业的平均工资为 27730 元，是其他行业平均工资的 1.9 倍。（4）提升技术水平。服务外包具有技术知识密集型的特点决定了发包方和承包方在技术方面合作比较密切，相对于制造业外包，更容易提升承包方的技术水平，产生技术外溢效应。如发包方为了保证产品符合质量、规格的要求，通常会对接包方的雇员进行相关的知识技能培训。In addition, the service outsourcing industry is a typical high income industry, in 2009 the average wage of information transmission, computer service and software industry was 27730 yuan, 1.9 times the industry average wage. ( 4 ) for improving the technical level of. Characteristics of service outsourcing has the technology and knowledge intensive decision outsourcer and contractor in the technical aspects of cooperation more closely, with respect to the manufacturing outsourcing, easier to upgrade the technological level of the contractor, technology spillover effect. If the employer in order to ensure the products meet the quality, specifications, usually knowledge skills training related to the employees of the package.2.服务外包对承接国的不利影响分析。（1）某些部门的发展过于依赖国外市场。尽管服务外包部门成为承接国经济的主要增长点，塑料土工格栅但若这些部门的发展过于依赖少数国家，将对一国的经济安全产生不利影响，容易增加经济动荡的风险。Analysis of 2 adverse impact to undertake service outsourcing in china. ( 1 ) the development of some departments are too dependent on foreign markets. Although the service outsourcing sector to become the main growth points to economic development, but if these sectors is too dependent on a small number of countries, will have an adverse effect on a country's economic security, easy to increase the risk of economic instability.（2）拉大发包国与承接国的贫富差距。诚然，服务外包可以为发包的发达国家和接包的发展中国家双方带来收益，但前者的获益远大于后者。( 2 ) and the country to undertake the widening gap between the rich and the poor country with. Admittedly, service outsourcing can bring benefits to both the developed countries and the developing countries receive a bag, but the benefits far greater than the latter.印度虽是全球第一大承接目的地，但在承接领域方面仍处于产业价值链的中低端，这有些类似于加工贸易中原材料提供方获得较多的利润，梨苗而加工方只获得少量的加工费，利益分配不公平。Although India is the world's largest undertake destination, but in the field is still in the industry value chain in the low-end, this is similar to the raw material processing trade to obtain more profits, and processing Fang Zhi received a small amount of processing fees, the unfair distribution of benefits.（3）不利于基础科学领域的研究。( 3 ) is not conducive to the field of basic science.在利益的驱动下，大量的科技工作人员可能更多的参与实用技术的研究，而忽略基础研究，科技创新的队伍在人员数量和素质上得不到保障，缺乏自主知识产权的创新，将严重影响一国未来的竞争力。Driven by interests, to participate in the study and practical technology more likely a large number of scientific and technological personnel, and ignore the basic research, science and technology innovation team in the quantity and quality of personnel is not guaranteed, innovation and the lack of independent intellectual property rights, will seriously affect the future competitiveness of a country.