联合国宪章英文版

CharteroftheUnitedNationsJune26,1945WETHEPEOPLESOFTHEUNITEDNATIONSDETERMINEDtosavesucceedinggenerationsfromthescourgeofwar,whichtwiceinourlifetimehasbroughtuntoldsorrowtomankind,andtoreaffirmfaithinfundamentalhumanrights,inthedignityandworthofthehumanperson,intheequalrightsofmenandwomenandofnationslargeandsmall,andtoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiesandothersourcesofinternationallawcanbemaintained,andtopromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflifeinlargerfreedom,ANDFORTHESEENDStopracticetoleranceandlivetogetherinpeacewithoneanotherasgoodneighbours,andtouniteourstrengthtomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,andtoensure,bytheacceptanceofprinciplesandtheinstitutionofmethods,thatarmedforceshallnotbeused,saveinthecommoninterest,andtoemployinternationalmachineryforthepromotionoftheeconomicandsocialadvancementofallpeoples,HAVERESOLEDTOCOMBINEOUREFFORTSTOACCOMPLISHTHESEAIMSAccordingly,ourrespectiveGovernments,throughrepresentativesassembledinthecityofSanFrancisco,whohaveexhibitedtheirfullpowersfoundtobeingoodanddueform,haveagreedtothepresentCharteroftheUnitedNationsanddoherebyestablishaninternationalorganizationtobeknownastheUnitedNations.CHAPTERIPURPOSESANDPRINCIPLESArticle 1ThePurposesoftheUnitedNationsare:1. Tomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,andtothatend:totakeeffectivecollectivemeasuresforthepreventionandremovalofthreatstothepeace,andforthesuppressionofactsofaggressionorotherbreachesofthepeace,andtobringaboutbypeacefulmeans,andinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallaw,adjustmentorsettlementofinternationaldisputesorsituationswhichmightleadtoabreachofthepeace;2. Todevelopfriendlyrelationsamongnationsbasedonrespectfortheprincipleofequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoples,andtotakeotherappropriatemeasurestostrengthenuniversalpeace;3. Toachieveinternationalco-operationinsolvinginternationalproblemsofaneconomic,social,cultural,orhumanitariancharacter,andinpromotingandencouragingrespectforhumanrightsandforfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,orreligion;and4. Tobeacentreforharmonizingtheactionsofnationsintheattainmentofthesecommonends.Article 2TheOrganizationanditsMembers,inpursuitofthePurposesstatedinArticle1,shallactinaccordancewiththefollowingPrinciples.1. TheOrganizationisbasedontheprincipleofthesovereignequalityofallitsMembers.2. AllMembers,inordertoensuretoallofthemtherightsandbenefitsresultingfrommembership,shallfulfillingoodfaiththeobligationsassumedbytheminaccordancewiththepresentCharter.3. AllMembersshallsettletheirinternationaldisputesbypeacefulmeansinsuchamannerthatinternationalpeaceandsecurity,and.justice,arenotendangered.4. AllMembersshallrefrainintheirinternationalrelationsfromthethreatoruseofforceagainsttheterritorialintegrityorpoliticalindependenceofanystate,orinanyothermannerinconsistentwiththePurposesoftheUnitedNations.5. AllMembersshallgivetheUnitedNationseveryassistanceinanyactionittakesinaccordancewiththepresentCharter,andshallrefrainfromgivingassistancetoanystateagainstwhichtheUnitedNationsistakingpreventiveorenforcementaction.6. TheOrganizationshallensurethatstateswhicharenotMembersoftheUnitedNationsactinaccordancewiththesePrinciplessofarasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.7. NothingcontainedinthepresentChartershallauthorizetheUnitedNationstointerveneinmatterswhichareessentiallywithinthedomesticjurisdictionofanystateorshallrequiretheMemberstosubmitsuchmatterstosettlementunderthepresentCharter;butthisprincipleshallnotprejudicetheapplicationofenforcementmeasuresunderChapterVII.CHAPTER IIMEMBERSHIPArticle 3TheoriginalMembersoftheUnitedNationsshallbethestateswhich,havingparticipatedintheUnitedNationsConferenceonInternationalOrganizationatSanFrancisco,orhavingpreviouslysignedtheDeclarationbyUnitedNationsof1January1942,signthepresentCharterandratifyitinaccordancewithArticle110.Article 41. MembershipintheUnitedNationsisopentoaotherpeace-lovingstateswhichaccepttheobligationscontainedinthepresentCharterand,inthejudgmentoftheOrganization,areableandwillingtocarryouttheseobligations.2. TheadmissionofanysuchstatetomembershipintheNationswillbeeffectedbyadecisionoftheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.Article 5AMemberoftheUnitedNationsagainstwhichpreventiveorenforcementactionhasbeentakenbytheSecurityCouncilmaybesuspendedfromtheexerciseoftherightsandprivilegesofmembershipbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.TheexerciseoftheserightsandprivilegesmayberestoredbytheSecurityCouncil.Article 6AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichhaspersistentlyviolatedthePrinciplescontainedinthepresentChartermaybe'expelledfromtheOrganizationbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.CHAPTERIIIORGANSArticle71. ThereareestablishedastheprincipalorgansoftheUnitedNations:aGeneralAssembly,aSecurityCouncil,anEconomicandSocialCouncil,aTrusteeshipCouncil,anInternationalCourtofJustice,andaSecretariat.2. SuchsubsidiaryorgansasmaybefoundnecessarymaybeestablishedinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Article 8TheUnitedNationsshallplacenorestrictionsontheeligibilityofmenandwomentoparticipateinanycapacityandunderconditionsofequalityinitsprincipalandsubsidiaryorgans.CHAPTERIVTHEGENERALASSEMBLYCompositionArticle 91. TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsistofalltheMembersoftheUnitedNations.2. EachMembershallhavenotmorethanfiverepresentativesintheGeneralAssembly.FunctionsandPowersArticle 10TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsoranymatterswithinthescopeofthepresentCharterorrelatingtothepowersandfunctionsofanyorgansprovidedforinthepresentCharter,and,exceptasprovidedinArticle12,maymakerecommendationstotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsortotheSecurityCouncilortobothonanysuchquestionsormatters.Article 111. TheGeneralAssemblymayconsiderthegeneralprinciplesofco-operationinthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,includingtheprinciplesgoverningdisarmamentandtheregulationofarmaments,andmaymakerecommendationswithregardtosuchprinciplestotheMembersortotheSecurityCouncilortoboth.2. TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsrelatingtothemaintenanceofinter-nationalpeaceandsecuritybroughtbeforeitbyanyMemberoftheUnitedNations,orbytheSecurityCouncil,orbyastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsinaccordancewithArticle35,paragraph2,and,exceptasprovidedinArticle12,maymakerecommendationswithregardtoanysuchquestionstothestateorstatesconcernedortotheSecurityCouncilortoboth.AnysuchquestiononwhichactionisnecessaryshallbereferredtotheSecurityCouncilbytheGeneralAssemblyeitherbeforeorafterdiscussion.3. TheGeneralAssemblymaycalltheattentionoftheSecurityCounciltosituationswhicharelikelytoendangerinternationalpeaceandsecurity.4. ThepowersoftheGeneralAssemblysetforthinthisArticleshallnotlimitthegeneralscopeofArticle10.Article 121. WhiletheSecurityCouncilisexercisinginrespectofanydisputeorsituationthefunctionsassignedtoitinthepresentCharter,theGeneralAssemblyshallnotmakeanyrecommendationwithregardtothatdisputeorsituationunlesstheSecurityCouncilsorequests.2. TheSecretary-General,withtheconsentoftheSecurityCouncil,shallnotifytheGeneralAssemblyateachsessionofanymattersrelativetothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywhicharebeingdealtwithbytheSecurityCouncilandsimilarlynotifytheGeneralAssembly,ortheMembersoftheUnitedNationsiftheGeneralAssemblyisnotinsession,immediatelytheSecurityCouncilceasestodealwithsuchmatters.Article 131. TheGeneralAssemblyshallinitiatestudiesandmakerecommendationsforthepurposeof:a. promotinginternationalco-operationinthepoliticalfieldandencouragingtheprogressivedevelopmentofinternationallawanditscodification;b. promotinginternationalco-operationintheeconomic,social,cultural,educational,andhealthfields,anassistingintherealizationofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,orreligion.2. Thefurtherresponsibilities,functionsandpowersoftheGeneralwithrespecttomattersmentionedinparagraph)abovearesetforthinChaptersIXandX.Article 14SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle12,theGeneralAssemblymayrecommendmeasuresforthepeacefuladjustmentofanysituation,regardlessoforigin,whichitdeemslikelytoimpairthegeneralwelfareorfriendlyrelationsamongnations,includingsituationsresultingfromaviolationoftheprovisionsofthepresentChartersettingforththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.Article 151. TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderannualandspecialreportsfromtheSecurityCouncil;thesereportsshallincludeanaccountofthemeasuresthattheSecurityCouncilhasdecideduponortakentomain-taininternationalpeaceandsecurity.2. TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderreportsfromtheotherorgansoftheUnitedNations.Article 16TheGeneralAssemblyshallperformsuchfunctionswithrespecttotheinternationaltrusteeshipsystemasareassignedtoitunderChaptersXIIandXIII,includingtheapprovalofthetrusteeshipagreementsforareasnotdesignatedasstrategic.Article 171. TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsiderandapprovethebudgetoftheOrganization.2. TheexpensesoftheOrganizationshallbebornebytheMembersasapportionedbytheGeneralAssembly.3. TheAssemblyshallconsiderandapproveanyfinancialandbudgetaryarrangementswithspecializeagenciesreferredtoinArticle57andshallexaminetheadministrativebudgetsofsuchspecializedagencieswithaviewtomakingrecommendationstotheagenciesconcerned.VotingArticle 181. EachmemberoftheGeneralAssemblyshallhaveonevote.2. DecisionsoftheGeneralAssemblyonimportantquestionsshallbemadebyatwo-thirdsmajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Thesequestionsshallinclude:recommendationswithrespecttothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,theelectionofthenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil,theelectionofthemembersoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil,theelectionofmembersoftheTrusteeshipCouncilinaccordancewithparagraph1ofArticle86,theadmissionofnewMemberstotheUnitedNations,thesuspensionoftherightsandprivilegesofmembership,theexpulsionofMembers,questionsrelatingtotheoperationofthetrusteeshipsystem,andbudgetaryquestions.3. Decisionsonotherquestions,includingthedeterminationofadditionalcategoriesofquestionstobedecidedbyatwo-thirdsmajority,shallbemadebyamajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Article 19AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisinarrearsinthepaymentofitsfinancialcontributionstotheOrganizationshallhavenovoteintheGeneralAssemblyiftheamountofitsarrearsequalsorexceedstheamountofthecontributionsduefromitfortheprecedingtwofullyears.TheGeneralAssemblymay,nevertheless,permitsuchaMembertovoteifitissatisfiedthatthefailuretopayisduetoconditionsbeyondtheoftheMember.ProcedureArticle 20TheGeneralAssemblyshallmeetinregularannualsessionsandinsuchspecialsessionsasoccasionmayrequire.SpecialsessionsshallbeconvokedbytheSecretary-GeneralattherequestoftheSecurityCouncilorofamajorityoftheMembersoftheUnitedNations.Article 21TheGeneralAssemblyshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure.ItshallelectitsPresidentforeachsession.Article 22TheGeneralAssemblymayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.CHAPTERVTHESECURITYCOUNCILCompositionArticle 231. TheSecurityCouncilshallconsistoffifteenMembersoftheUnitedNations.TheRepublicofChina,France,theUnionofSovietSocialist,theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,andtheUnitedStatesofAmericashallbepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.TheGeneralAssemblyshallelecttenotherMembersoftheUnitedNationstobenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil,dueregardbeingspeciallypaid,inthefirstin-stancetothecontributionofMembersoftheUnitedNationstothemaintenanceofinter-nationalpeaceandsecurityandtotheotherpurposesoftheOrganization,andalsotoequitablegeographicaldistribution.2. Thenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilshallbeelectedforatermoftwoyears.Inthefirstelectionofthenon-permanentmembersaftertheincreaseofthemembershipoftheSecurityCouncilfromeleventofifteen,twoofthefouradditionalmembersshallbechosenforatermofoneyear.Aretiringmembershallnotbeeligibleforimmediatere-election.3. EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonerepresentative.FunctionsandPowersArticle 241. InordertoensurepromptandeffectiveactionbytheUnitedNations,itsMembersconferontheSecurityCouncilprimaryresponsibilityforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,andagreethatincarryingoutitsdutiesunderthisresponsibilitytheSecurityCouncilactsontheirbehalf.2. IndischargingthesedutiestheSecurityCouncilshallactinaccordancewiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.ThespecificpowersgrantedtotheSecurityCouncilforthedischargeofthesedutiesarelaiddowninChaptersVI,VII,VIII,andXII.3. TheSecurityCouncilshallsubmitannualand,whennecessary,specialreportstotheGeneralAssemblyforitsconsideration.Article 25TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsagreetoacceptandcarryoutthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Article 26Inordertopromotetheestablishmentandmaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywiththeleastdiversionforarmamentsoftheworld'shumanandeconomicresources,theSecurityCouncilshallberesponsibleforformulating,withtheassistanceoftheMilitaryStaffCommitteereferredtoinArticle47,planstobesubmittedtotheMembersoftheUnited-Nationsfortheestablishmentofasystemfortheregulationofarmaments.VotingArticle 271. EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonevote.2. DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonproceduralmattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembers.3. DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonallothermattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembersincludingtheconcurringvotesofthepermanentmembers;providedthat,indecisionsunderChapterVI,andunderparagraph3ofArticle52,apartytoadisputeshallabstainfromvoting.ProcedureArticle 281. TheSecurityCouncilshallbesoorganizedastobeabletofunctioncontinuously.EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallforthispurposeberepresentedattimesattheseatoftheOrganization.2. TheSecurityCouncilshallholdmeetingsatwhicheachofitsmembersmay,ifitsodesires,berepresentedbyamemberofthegovernmentorbysomeotherspeciallydesignatedrepresentative.3. TheSecurityCouncilmayholdmeetingsatsuchplacesotherthantheseatoftheOrganizationasinitsjudgmentwillbestfacilitateitswork.Article 29TheSecurityCouncilmayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.Article 30TheSecurityCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure,includingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.Article 31AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCouncilmayparticipate,withoutvote,inthediscussionofanyquestionbroughtbeforetheSecurityCouncilwheneverthelatterconsidersthattheinterestsofthatMemberarespeciallyaffected.Article 32AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCounciloranystatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNations,ifitisapartytoadisputeunderconsiderationbytheSecurityCouncil,shallbeinvitedtoparticipate,withoutvote,inthediscussionrelatingtothedispute.TheSecurityCouncilshallanydownsuchconditionsasitdeemsjustfortheparticipationofastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNations.CHAPTERVIPACIFICSETTLEMENTOFDISPUTESArticle 331. Thepartiestoanydispute,thecontinuanceofwhichislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,shall,firstofa,seekasolutionbynegotiation,enquiry,mediation,conciliation,arbitration,judicialsettlement,resorttoregionalagenciesorarrangements,orotherpeacefulmeansoftheirownchoice.2. TheSecurityCouncilshall,whenitdeemsnecessary,calluponthepartiestosettletheirdisputebysuchmeans.Article 34TheSecurityCouncilmayinvestigateanydispute,oranysituationwhichmightleadtointernationalfrictionorgiverisetoadispute,inordertodeterminewhetherthecontinuanceofthedisputeorsituationislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article 351. AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringanydispute,oranysituationofthenaturereferredtoinArticle34,totheattentionoftheSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssembly.2. AstatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringtotheattentionoftheSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssemblyanydisputetowhichitisapartyifitacceptsinadvance,forthepurposesofthedispute,theobligationsofpacificsettlementprovidedinthepresentCharter.3. TheproceedingsoftheGeneralAssemblyinrespectofmattersbroughttoitsattentionunderthisArticlewillbesubjecttotheprovisionsofArticles11and12.Article 361. TheSecurityCouncilmay,atanystageofadisputeofthenaturereferredtoinArticle33orofasituationoflikenature,recommendappropriateproceduresormethodsofadjustment.2. TheSecurityCouncilshouldtakeintoconsiderationanyproceduresforthesettlementofthedisputewhichhavealreadybeenadoptedbytheparties.3. InmakingrecommendationsunderthisArticletheSecurityCouncilshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationthatlegaldisputesshouldasageneralrulebereferredbythepartiestotheInternationalCourtofJusticeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheStatuteoftheCourt.Article 371. ShouldthepartiestoadisputeofthenaturereferredtoinArticle33failtosettleitbythemeansindicatedinthatArticle,theyshallreferittotheSecurityCouncil.2. IftheSecurityCouncildeemsthatthecontinuanceofthedisputeisinfactlikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,itshalldecidewhethertotakeactionunderArticle36ortorecommendsuchtermsofsettlementasitmayconsiderappropriate.Article 38WithoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofArticles33to37,theSecurityCouncilmay,ifallthepartiestoanydisputesorequest,makerecommendationstothepartieswithaviewtoapacificsettlementofthedispute.CHAPTERVIIACTIONWITHRESPECTTOTHREATSTOTHEPEACE,BREACHESOFTHEPEACE,ANDACTSOFAGGRESSIONArticle 39TheSecurityCouncilshalldeterminetheexistenceofanythreattothepeace,breachofthepeace,oractofaggressionandshallmakerecommendations,ordecidewhatmeasuresshallbetakeninaccordancewithArticles4and42,tomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article 40Inordertopreventanaggravationofthesituation,theSecurityCouncilmay,beforemakingtherecommendationsordecidinguponthemeasuresprovidedforinArticle39,calluponthepartiesconcernedtocomplywithsuchprovisionalmeasuresasitdeemsnecessaryordesirable.Suchprovisionalmeasuresshallbewithoutprejudicetotherights,claims,orpositionofthepartiesconcerned.TheSecurityCouncilshalldulytakeaccountoffailuretocomplywithsuchprovisionalmeasures.Article 41TheSecurityCouncilmaydecidewhatmeasuresnotinvolvingtheuseofarmedforcearetobeemployedtogiveeffecttoitsdecisions,anditmaycallupontheMembersoftheUnitedNationstoapplysuchmeasures.Thesemayincludecompleteorpartialinterruptionofeconomicrelationsandofrail,sea,air,postal,telegraphic,radio,andothermeansofcommunication,andtheseveranceofdiplomaticrelations.Article 42ShouldtheSecurityCouncilconsiderthatmeasuresprovidedforinArticle41wouldbeinadequateorhaveprovedtobeinadequate,itmaytakesuchactionbyair,sea,orlandforcesasmaybenecessarytomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Suchactionmayincludedemonstrations,blockade,andotheroperationsbyair,sea,orlandforcesofMembersoftheUnitedNations.1. AllMembersoftheUnitedNations,inordertocontributetothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,undertaketomakeavailabletotheSecurityCouncil,onitsandinaccordancewithaspecialagreementoragreements,armedforces,assistance,andfacilities,includingrightsofpassage,necessaryforthepurposeofmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.2. Suchagreementoragreementsshallgovernthenumbersandtypesofforces,theirdegreeofreadinessandgenerallocation,andthenatureofthefacilitiesandassistancetobeprovided.3. TheagreementoragreementsshallbenegotiatedassoonaspossibleontheinitiativeoftheSecurityCouncil.TheyshallbeconcludedbetweentheSecurityCouncilandMembersorbetweentheSecurityCouncilandgroupsofMembersandshallbesubjecttoratificationbythesignatorystatesinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveconstitutionalprocesses.Article 43WhenSecurityCouncilhasdecidedtouseforceitshall,beforecallinguponaMembernotrepresentedonittoprovidearmedforcesinfulfilmentoftheobligationsassumedunderArticle43,invitethatMember,iftheMembersodesires,toparticipateinthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilconcerningtheemploymentofcontingentsofthatMember'sarmedforces.Article 44InordertoenabletheNationstotakeurgentmilitarymeasures,Memberss