傅厚菊高考书面表达常见文体词块

一高考书面表达常见话题词块 合肥十中 傅厚菊（一）环 境环境问题：pollution acid rain global warming greenhouse effect noise poison carbon dioxide radiation rubbish shortage waste flood drought tsunami typhoon环境保护： alternative energy atmospherebalance ecology environment fuel protection rainforest resource preserve recycle environmentally-friendly （二）旅 游形成准备: accommodation agency arrangement expense passport arrange pack入住饭店: reception book check in check out comfortable旅游方式: journey outing picnic sightseeing tour travel trip voyage 旅游景点: tourist attraction destination scene scenery site scenic spot fountain gallery monument museum palace temple a place of interest ruins其他： souvenir attract cultural fantastic historic local abroad （三）交 通交通状况：accident danger rush hour safety traffic jam crash noisy safe heavy traffic 相关动词和短语： brake break down drive land overtake park speed take off （四）兴趣与爱好娱乐休闲：enjoyment enjoyable entertainment fun funny magic musical instrument pastime 其他： curiosity hobby interest be crazy about be interested in enjoy doing enrich Fascinate favor enthusiastic favorite interesting spare （五）成功与失败目标：ambition goal target task aim(at) dream of/about过程与因素： advantage challenge courage difficulty disadvantage effort hardshipStrength weakness abandon acquire attempt(to do ) concentrate on deal with do with give up stick to seek struggle take advantage of take pains to do determined Effective flexible optimistic pessimistic结果：achievement failure gain success accomplish achieve come off come true fail fulfill make a breakthrough manage to do overcome realize succeed in in vain （六）性格特征性格：bravery courage humor humorous independence independent pride aggressive brave calm cold confident considerate cruel energetic enthusiastic friendly generous gentle greedy modest outgoing proud romantic rude selfish sensitive straightforward stubborn tough品质： kindness talent wisdom bright brilliant clever clumsy diligent dull foolish forgetful gifted hardworking honest lovely outstanding patient reliable shallow silly simple smart talented （七）语言学习学习内容：expression idiom meaning pronunciation sentence spelling vocabulary word pronounce oral spoken学习方法： communication discussion presentation translation classify communicate compare with/to conclude connect consult express interpret memorize listen practice doing putto use read speak translate into语言描述： difference differfrom abundant complex fluent fundamental symbolic二高考书面表达常见关联词块1.并列关系 for one thing ,for another;（一则/首先,二则/其次）;firstly,secondly,thirdly(第一,第二,第三);first,second,third,at last首先,其次,再次,最后）and（和）as well（也）, as well as（和一样，也）, bothand（两者都）, 2.时间顺序关系 before, after, then, afterwards（后来),at last, in the end, finally， next, in the meantime(同时)/ at the same time to begin with, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, soon afterwards, since then, from then on, lastly, finally, in the end;3.因果关系 therefore(因此),so, thus（因此),as a result(结果) because, as, since, for, for this reason, thus, hence, accordingly(因此);4.转折关系 but, yet/and yet (但是), however, nevertheless(然而,不过) although, though, or else, otherwise, after all, by the way, incidentally（换言之）;5.表示解释: for example, for instance, such as, e.g., that is, that is to say, namely, viz, ie, in other words;6.递进关系 besides(此外), whats more(而且), and, what is/ was worse/ to make things worse(更糟糕的是) also, in fact =as a matter of fact not onlybut also（不但而且）, neithernor（既不也不）7.结论概括关系 in short(总之),in a word（简而言之),all in all(总的来说,总而言之) to sum up, altogether, in a word, in short, generally speaking, as is known to all.8.推断条件关系: if so, unless, provided that（假如） on condition that（如若）or else(否则),otherwise(否则)=or, in that case(如果那样的话) 9.等同关系 namely(既,也就是),in other words, that is,=that is to say（也就是说）,I mean(我是说) 10.比较对比关系. on the contrary（相反）,instead of, on one hand, on the other hand（一方面,另一方面: while, whereas, instead, notbut11.表示选择: or, eitheror;12.让步关系 in any case（不管怎样，无论如何）,after all（毕竟）,anyhow（不管怎样）,in spite of(尽管) ;三高考书面表达各种常用句型表示原因的常用句型 1There are three reasons for this. 2The reasons for this are as follows. 3The reason for this is obvious. 4The reason for this is not far to seek. 5The reason for this is that. 6 We have good reason to believe that. 表示好处的常用句型 1It has the following advantages. 2 It does us a lot of good. 3It benefits us quite a lot. 4It is beneficial to us. 5It is of great benefit to us 表示坏处的常用句型 1It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2 It does us much harm. 3It is harmful to us. 表示措施的常用句型 1 We should take some effective measures. 2 We should try our best to overcome （conquer ）the difficulties. 3 We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4 We should solve the problems that we are confronted （faced） with. 表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult， convenient）possible for sb. to do sth. 2 We think it necessary to do sth. 3 It plays an important role in our life. 表示变化的常用句型 1 Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 2 A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications. 3 The computer has brought about many changes in education. 表示比较的常用句型 1）Compared with A，B. 2) A and B has several points in common. 3) It is true that A . , but the chief fault B (obvious defects )are . 4) A and B differs in several ways. 5) The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 6） I prefer to read rather than watch TV. 7） There is a striking contrast between them 表示事实、现状的常用句型 1We cannot ignore the fact that. 2No one can deny the fact that. 3There is no denying the fact that. 4 This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in. 5 However，thats not the case. 表示例举的常用句型 1) A good case in point is . 2) As an illustration, we may take . 3) Such examples might be given easily. 4) .is often cited as an example. 表示数量的常用句型 1 It has increased（decreased）from.to. 2 The population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800,000. 3 The output of July in this factory increased by 15% compared with that of January. 表示看法的常用句型 1 People have(take, adopt, assume, )different attitudes towards sth. 2 People have different opinions on this problem. 3 People take different views of(on)the question. 4 Some people believe that.Others argue that. 表示结论的常用句型 1 In short, it can be said that . 2 It may be briefly summed up as follows. 3 From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that . 部分常用套语 1 Its well known to us that . 2 As is known to us. 3 This is a topic that is being widely talked about. 4 From the graph(table, chart)listed above, it can be seen that . 5 As a proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.表观点的句型1.In my opinion, we should believe him this time. 依我看，这次我们应该相信他。2. In my view, he will surely forgive you if you apologize. 我觉得,如果你道歉的话，他肯定会原谅你的。3. I suppose (that) the book will be helpful to you. 我觉得这本书对你会有帮助。4. I maintain that nothing can take the place of hard work. 我认为,没有什么能取代努力。5. As far as Im concerned, everyone should be given an equal opportunity. 在我看来，每个人都应该有公平的机会。6. As I see it, this is of great importance. 依我看来，这非常重要。7. From where I stand, what he just said was somewhat reasonable. 从我的立场来看，他刚才说的话有些道理。8. It seems to me that he doesnt know what he is doing. 我觉得他好象不知道自己在干什么。9. From my point of view, health is the most valuable wealth. 在我看来，健康是最宝贵的财富。10.Its my feeling that attitude is more important than ability. 我觉得态度比能力更重要。增强书面表达效果的技巧四、怎样使用较高级的表达（一）怎样使用较高级的词汇1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. Thanks to the good weather,2.We all think he is a great man. We all think highly of him.3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea. A good idea occurred to me./ A good idea suddenly struck me.4.The students there neednt pay for their books. Books are free for the students there.5. As a result the plan was a failure. The plan turned out to be a failure.6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow. At the news of his death,7. She went to Austria in order to study music. She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms. Our school is made of 26 classrooms.10.You can find my house easily. Youll have no trouble finding my house.二、怎样使用较丰富的句式1 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）.On his arriving, please give me an e-mail.2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句）What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things3. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒装句)Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型) It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened. 三、怎样使用恰当的连接词On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library. (NMET1999 范文)As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.(NMET2001 范文)Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. (NMET2001 范文)五高考书面表达常见文体模板（一）.说明文的框架（1）说明解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 问题现状 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face a problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, -(说明的现状)Second, -(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another, -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -(带来的好处).（2）说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测） 说明事物现状 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面） 你对现状（或前景）的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. Firstly, -(的优点之一). Besides, -（的优点之二）.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that -(的第一个缺点)To make matters worse,-(的第二个缺点)Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh (超过)the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to -(我的看法) From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way-(对前景的预测)（3）现象说明文Recently _,what amazes us most is_. It is true that_.There are many reasons explaining_. The main reason _.What is more_. Thirdly_. As a result_.Considering all there,_. For one thing_, for another_._In Conclusion_.（二）议论文的框架 (1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文题目_. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一_. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, _原因一_.Furthermore, in the second place, _原因二_. So it goes without saying that _观点一_. People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeoplehold the idea that _观点二_. In their point of view, on the one hand， _原因一_. On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat _观点二_. As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat _观点一或二_.Itis not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _. （2）利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目_. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in _题目议题_. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, _优点一_. And secondly _优点二_. Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", _讨论议题_ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, _缺点一_. In addition, _缺点二_. To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of _讨论议题_ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the _讨论议题_.( 3 ) 答题性议论文 Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_作文题目_ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem. As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, _途径一_. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is _途径二_. Above all, to solve the problem of _作文题目_, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法_.( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文 It is well known to us that the proverb: " _谚语_" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means _谚语的含义_. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically ) A case in point is _例子一_. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb _谚语_. With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: _谚语_. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.（三）.图表作文的框架 As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage inthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart), _作文题目的议题_ has been on rise/ decrease (goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _ to _ in _. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _. Ontheonehand, _. Ontheotherhand,_ isduetothefactthat _.Inaddition, _ isresponsiblefor _.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow _.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonly convincing. AsfarasIamconcerned,I hold the point of view that _. Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.（四）. 图画类作文的框架1.开头 Lookatthispicture./Thepictureshowsthat./Fromthispicture,wecansee./Asisshowninthepicture./Asisseeninthepicture. 2.衔接句 Asweallknow,./Asisknowntoall,./Itiswellknownthat./Inmyopinion,./AsfarasIamconcerned,./Thissightremindsmeofsomethinginmydailylife. 3.结尾句 Inconclusion./Inbrief./Onthewhole./Inshort./Inaword./Generallyspeaking./Ashasbeenstated.（五）实用性写作的框架（1) 申请信 Your address Month, Date, yearReceivers addressDear .,I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in . And I would like to write a letter to tell you that./ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising. ./ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, . On the other hand, . I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference. I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience. Best regards for your health and success. Sincerely yours, X X X（2）书信Your addressMonth, Date, yearReceivers addressDear .,I am extremely pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_.I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest convenience.Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours,*英语书信的常见写作句型开头部分： Hownicetohearfromyouagain. Letmetellyousomethingabouttheactivity. ImgladtohavereceivedyourletterofApr.9th. ImpleasedtohearthatyourecomingtoChinaforavisit. ImwritingtothankyouforyourhelpduringmystayinAmerica. 结尾部分： Withbestwishes. Imlookingforwardtoyourreply. Idappreciateitifyoucouldreplyearlier. （3）口头通知呼语及开场白部分： Ladiesandgentlemen,MayIhaveyourattention,please?Ihaveanannouncementtomake. 正文部分： Alltheteachersandstudentsarerequiredtoattendit. Pleasetakeyournotebooksandmakenotes. Pleaselistencarefullyandwellhaveadiscussioningroups. Pleasecomeontimeanddontbelate. 结束语部分： Pleasecomeandjoininit. Everybodyiswelcometoattendit. Ihopeyoullhaveanicetimehere. （六）话题作文的框架（1）Nowadays, there are more and more _ _ in _ _. It is estimated that _. Why have there been so many _? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is _. Besides,_. The third one is _. To sum up, the main cause of it is due to _. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,_. For another thing, _. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of _.（2）对比观点题型* 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1 有一些人认为。2 另一些人认为。 3 我的看法。The topic of -（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of -（支持A的理由一）What is more, -理由二). Moreover, -(理由三). While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-(支持B的理由一).Bbesides,-（理由二）. Finally,-(理由三). From my point of view, I think -（我的观点）. The reason is that -(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点 Some people believe that -（观点一）. For example, they think -（举例说明）And it will bri