职称英语等级考试卫生类完型填空共15篇

阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。第一篇 Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found The World Health Organization1 estimates that about onethird of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times， the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB， usually in their _1_. Two million people die _2_ it. The disease has _3_ with the spread of AIDS and drugresistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to _4_ a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop _5_ they feel better. Doing that can _6_ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a fasteracting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how _7_ it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients _8_. It would also mean _9_ infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a twomonth treatment plan. They _10_ the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a twomonth treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might _11_ about twentyfive percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these _12_ would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is， if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization _13_ the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment， Shortcourse. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make _14_ they continue treatment. Earlier this year， an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The tenyear plan also aims to finance research _15_ new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its longterm goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 词汇：bacterium n. 细菌 tuberculosis n. 结核（病） inactive adj. 不活跃的，非活动性的 antibiotic adj. 抗生的 n. 抗生素 alliance n. 同盟，联盟 注释：1. World Health Organization ：世界卫生组织 2. Harvard University ：（美国）哈佛大学3. DOTS ：短期直接观察治疗4. Global Alliance for TB Drug Development：全球结核病药物开发联盟练习：1. A） kidneys B） lungs C） bones D） livers 2. A） with B） without C） of D） out of 3. A） increased B） decreased C） changed D） disappeared 4. A） make B） take C） try D） test 5. A） as if B） as though C） as far as D） as soon as 6. A） refer B） apply C） lead D） amount 7. A） effective B） ineffective C） expensive D） inexpensive 8. A） cured B） to cure C） being cured D） having been cured 9. A） many B） more C） few D） fewer 10. A） provided B） introduced C） tested D） tempted 11. A） bring about B） contributed to C） promote D） prevent 12. A） increases B） reductions C） creations D） collections 13. A） developed B） invented C） delayed D） refused 14. A） easy B） uneasy C） sure D） unsure 15. A） with B） to C） onto D） into 参考答案：1.B 结核病多发于肺部，这是一般的常识。 2.C die of意思是死于某种疾病，其它三个介词都不与die搭配。3.A 本句后半部说到，由于艾滋病的传播和抗药型结核病的出现，那么根据推理，结核病自然应该增加，而不可能减少或消失。至于变化，不应该是结核病本身发生变化，而应该是发病率发生变化。4.B 从本句的前后句可以推测到本句想说的是病人每天必须服用几种抗生素药物，而服药只能选择take，其它几个动词都不合适。 5.D 答题时请注意句首的But这个词，显然与上句意思发生转折，而四个选项中as if、 as though都是仿佛，宛如的意思，as far as则是至于的意思，填在这里均不合适，只有as soon as （一）才恰当。 6.C 本空白处后面有介词to，虽然这几个选项均可与to连用，但意思各不相同：refer to：谈及，参考；apply to：接洽，适用于；lead to：导致；amount to：合计，总共达现在有一项新的研究想评估这种速效治疗剂究竟效力有多大。8.A 本句考查的是语法。根据所给的动词，我们可以猜到本句想说的是Joshua Salomon说，疗程较短的治疗计划可能意味着不仅仅是更多病人被治好。这里从语法分析，应该是缺一个定语，修饰patients，cure是一个及物动词，病人应是被治疗者：B项to cure不能表示被动；C和D虽然有表示被动的意思，但是C是正在被治疗，D是已经被治疗，两者隐含的时态在这里均不合适，只有A才是恰当的。 9.D 前句说到更多病人可以治愈，根据推理，后句应该是将感染传递给别人的传染病人就会更少，因为前后两句实际上具有因果关系。这里必须用比较级fewer，因为few是表示不多的，几乎没有的（ not many），而fewer则只是与以前比较更少，并没有明确多少。10.C 只有填C项tested（检验）才能符合上下文意思，其它三项不仅词义不合适，词的用法也不对。 11.D 空白处的上一句实际上起到提示作用：两个月的治疗方案可以防止大约20%的新病例，后句自然应是也可能防止大约20%的结核病死亡。其它三个选项词义均相反。 12.B 上面两句说到可以防止大约20%的新病例和可能防止大约20%的死亡，这自然是降低，绝不可能是增加，更不是创作品、收藏品。 13.A 空白处的上一句实际上也起到提示作用，可以推测，本句应该是制订DOTS计划，而四个选项中只有A项有制订的意思，计划也不可能是发明，从上下文分析，更不可能是推迟或拒绝。 14.C DOTS计划其中就包含直接观察的意思，本句中也说到医务人员看着结核病人每天服药，目的自然是要确信他们继续治疗，C项make sure正是确信的意思。 15.D research后面常用on或 into，偶尔也用 for或 after，例如：a research for/after facts（对事实的调查），但不与其它三个选项连用。阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。（2010年新增）第二篇 8 New York Students Have Swine Flu    The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed 1 of swine flu in eight students at a New York preparatory school, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said Sunday. The students have had only 2 symptoms and none have been hospitalized, he said. Some of the students have already recovered.    More than 100 students were absent from 3 due to flu-like symptoms last week. New York health officials tested samples for eight students Saturday and determined the students were probably 4 from swine flu, and the CDC confirmed the 5 on Sunday, Bloomberg said.    The announcement brings the 6 of confirmed swine flu cases in the United States to 20. Bloomberg and New York Health Commissioner Tom Frieden said there is no 7 of a citywide outbreak of the flu, and no sign of a potential 8 of swine flu at other schools.    Some students at the school 9 spring break1 in Mexico, Bloomberg said,but authorities have not determined 10 any of the students with a confirmed case of swine flu was in Mexico. Someone who traveled to Mexico may not have had any flu symptoms but 11 on the flu to someone else, he noted.    Frieden called 12 students who are home sick to stay home for 48 hours after their symptoms subside.    If symptoms are normal for a regular kind of flu, there is 13 need to go to a hospital, said Bloomberg. If symptoms become severe, as with any 14 , people should go to the hospital, he said.    St. Francis, which has 2,700 students, announced it will remain closed for two days. 15 whether the students' illnesses have been minor because they're young and healthy or because it is a minor strain of the virus, Frieden responded, "We don't know."词汇swine n.猪preparatory adj. 预备教育的，预科的outbreak n. 爆发subside v. 消失，消退strain （菌）株，（菌）系注释1. spring break: (美)春假（在校生复活节期间一周的假期）练习1. A cases B bases C does D noses2. A common B physical C mild D wild3. A work B home C school D hospital4. A escaping B surviving C dying D suffering5. A treatment B diagnosis C doubt D choice6. A point B number C spread D value7. A chance B need C hope D sign8. A welcome B outbreak C success D injury9. A spent B made C took D traveled10. A why B how C when D whether11. A passed B kept C rolled D swept12. A at B up C on D of13. A no B much C any D a14. A person B matter C thing D illness15. A Asked B Tested C Troubled D Doubted答案与题解1. A 从短文的题目可以看出，纽约有8 名学生患了猪流感，所以此处应为流感病例。2. C 从上下文得知，患病的学生中没有人住院，有一些已经康复，因此他们的症状应该是比较轻的。3. C 学校里的学生有了流感样的症状，肯定是没能上学。4. D 从上下文可以看出，纽约卫生官员检验了8 名学生的血样后断定他们很可能是患上了猪流感。5. B 疾病防控中心对纽约卫生官员的诊断予以证实。6. B 显然此处应为确诊的猪流感患者数量。7. D 从上下文和接下来的"no sign"就可以推断出此处应为同样的表达方式。8. B 从上下文和前面的"outbreak"就可以推断出此处应为同样的表达方式。9. A 学校的一些学生是在墨西哥度的春假。10. D 从上下文可知，当局尚未确定确诊为猪流感的学生中是否有谁去过墨西哥。11. A 从上下文可以得知，某位去墨西哥旅游的学生自己可能没有表现出任何流感症状，但却把流感传给了其他某个人。12. C 呼吁某人做某事用英语表达应为：call on somebody to do something：13. A 接下来一句说，如果症状严重，人们应该去医院。这是一个转折句，因此前面的句子应该相反，即没有必要上医院。14. D 不仅是流感，而是任何疾病，只要症状加重，都应该去医院。15. A 从后面的"responded"一词可以断定前面应该是"被问到"，即"Asked"。阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。第三篇 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIts now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have itone in the US 和 one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?_1_reality, of course, it was naive to_2_that everyone would let_3_of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have_4_vials._5_the last “official” stocks of lice virus bred mistrust of the US 和 Russia, _6_no obvious gain.Now American researchers have _7_ an animal model of the human disease, opening the _8_ for tests on new treatments 和 vaccines. So one again theres a good reason to_9_the virusjust in_10_the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we_11_with the mistrust of the US 和 Russia? _12_. Keep the virus_13_international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory thats open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesnt_14_the idea is wrong. If the virus_15_useful, then lets make it the servant of all humanitynot just a part of it.1. A) In    B) On C) At   D) For 2. A) knowB) imagine   C) realizeD) be aware 3. A) to goB) going   C) go   D) went 4. A) muchB) more   C) most  D) a few 5. A) 和  B) While   C) Whereas   D) Although 6. A) sinceB) for C) because  D) of 7. A) looked for  B) sought   C) foundD) talked about 8. A) method  B) roadC) street  D) way 9. A) keep B) put C) destroy   D) eradicate 10. A) needB) caseC) necessity  D) time 11. A) h和le  B) tackle   C) deal   D) treat 12. A) Difficult  B) Hard   C) Safe   D) Simple 13. A) under    B) in   C) on   D) for 14. A) say B) mean   C) state D) declare 15. A) will be   B) would be  C) is   D) are A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。第四篇 Diet，Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of CancersDiet is second only to tobacco as a leading _1_ of cancer and，along with alcohol，is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease _2_developed countries，a leading researcher said on Tuesday.Dr.Tim Kev，of the University of Oxford，told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to _3_，but they know that diet，alcohol and obesity _4_ a major role.“Five percent of cancers could be avoided _5_ nobody was obese，”he said.While tobacco is linked to about 30 _6_ of cancer cases，diet is involved in all estimated 25 percent and alcohol _7_ about six percent.Obesity raises the _8_of breast，womb，bowel and kidney cancer，while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth，throat and liver.Its dangerous impact is _9_ when combined with smoking.Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK _10_other elements of diet linked to cancer are _11_ unknown but scientists are hoping that the EPIC study，which is comparing the diets of 500，000 people in 1 0 countries and their risk of cancer，will provide some _12_.Early results of the study have revealed that Norway，Sweden and Denmark have the consumption of fruit and vegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest.Eating at _14_five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer.Key，principal scientist on the EPIC study，said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers _ 1 5 _colorectal，breast and prostate.词汇：obesity n.肥胖bowel n.肠dietary adi.饮食的prostate/ adi.前列腺的obese adj.肥胖的womb n.子宫Colorectal adj.结肠直肠的1. A. course B. cause C. court D. reason2. A. on B. up C. in D. down3. A. cancer B. health C. disease D. man4. A. dance B. turn C. take D. play5. A. while B. if C. unless D. since6. A. percent B. countries C. people D. number7. A. at B. in C. of D. for8. A. risk B. degree C. presence D. place9. A. reduced B. increased C. mysterious D. seen10.A. whether B. why C. that D. if11.A. still B. also C. although D. however12.A. decisions B. questions C. answers D. needs13.A. lowest B. enough C. daily D. perfect14.A. home B. most C. least D. best15.A. causing B. including C. illustration D. defining参考答案：1.B 从文章的题目可以得知，文章的主要内容涉及饮食、酒精与癌症的关系。不难看出，文章一开头讲的就是饮食是导致癌症的主要原因之一，吸烟排名第一，饮食紧跟其后。2.C 此处要表达的意思是“在发达国家里”。3.A 既然文章主要涉及饮食、酒精与癌症的关系，因此，此处应选“癌症”一词。4.D 从接下来的“角色”一词，便可得知此处应选能与之搭配的“扮演”一词。5.B 前一句讲道，饮食、喝酒与肥胖在癌症发生的过程中扮演重要角色，此句应为虚拟句，表示假设。6.A 从句子的主旬不难看出，此处表示的是百分之多少的意思。7 B 此处应该填一个与前面介词“in”一样的介词。8.A 显然，此处要表示的意思是肥胖增加某些类癌症的危险。9. B 一个人既喝酒，又吸烟，那酒精的害处应该是增加的。10 C 此处应选能引导宾语从旬的连接词。 。.11 A 此处要表示的意思是“仍旧不得而知”。12 C 从前面提到的“仍旧不得而知，但是科学家们希望”等词语可以推断，此处应选“答案”。13 A 从句子的最后一词“highest”便可得知，此处应选该词的反义词。14 C 众所周知，专家们多建议多吃水果、蔬菜以减少癌症的危险，可见此处应选表示“至少”意思的词语。15 B 空格之前提到了一些最常见的癌症，接下来举的是例子，因此此处应选表示“像.包括”等意的词语。阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第五篇 Men Too May Suffer from Domestic ViolenceNearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimate partner their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look_ 1_domestic violence and health among men."Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we dont hear about it_ 2 _ ," Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the authors, told Reuters Health. "They often dont tell_3 _we dont ask. We want to message out to men who_4 _experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to_5_"The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical_6_such as threats that made them_7_for their safety, controlling behavior (for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go), and constant name-calling.Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner_8_in the past five years, while 6. 1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.Rates were lower for men 55 and_9_,with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of_10_ violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violet men_11_was physical.However, the physical violence men reported wasnt as harsh as_12_ stuff, women in a previous study; 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compare to 61 percent of_13_Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental problems_14_those who had not, especially older men, the _15_ found.(1).A by B at C on D for(2).A never B often C ever D now(3).A and B but C yet D unless(4).A to B no C do D go(5).A us B him C you D them(6).A strength B labor C abuse D exercise(7).A hope B fear C wait D look(8).A violence B attitude C friendship D stress(9).A younger B junior C senior D older(10).A normal B necessary C domestic D foreign(11).A enjoyed B experienced C performed D committed(12).A this B those C that D one(13).A women B people C adults D children(14).A from B than C except D despite(15).A victims B participants C researchers D partners男性也可能是家庭暴力的受害者一些研究家庭暴力与男性健康的研究显示，有十分之三的男性都遭受过亲密伴侣的暴力虐待。该研究的作者之一，华盛顿大学西雅图分校的罗伯特J.雷德博士对路透社健康新闻的记者说：“其实许多男性都经历过家庭暴力，只是我们不经常听说而已。我们不问他们也就往往不说。我们必须让那些遭受家庭暴力的男性知道，他们并不孤单，而且他们有资源可利用”。研究者向被调查对象询问了有关生理虐待和非生理虐待的问题，如对其生命安全的恐吓，控制行为(比如告诉他们能与谁交往，不能与谁交往，哪些地方能去，哪些地方不能去)，以及经常性的谩骂与中伤。年龄在18到54岁的男性中，有14.2%的人坦言，在过去五年间经历过亲密伴侣的暴力行为，而在过去一年就经历过的人占6.1%。而年龄在55岁及以上的男性，这一百分比有所下降。分别为5.3%和2.4%。总体而言，55岁以下的男性中有30.5%称自己曾是家庭暴力的受害者，而在55岁及以上的男性中，这一比例为26.5%。他们经历的家庭暴力约有一半为生理虐待。然而早前的研究表明，男性所受的生理虐待不如女性所受的严重，40%的男性称自己受到了严重的生理虐待，而女性比例则为61%。研究人员发现，遭受过家庭暴力的男性与没有遭受过的男性相比，有更多的情感和精神方面的问题，这一问题在老年人中尤其明显。答案：BBACDCBADCBCABC阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。第六篇 Oncedaily pill could simplify HIV treatment Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences have combined many HIVdrugs into a single pill Sometimes the best medicine is more than one kind of medicineMalaria，tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS，2 for example，are all treated with of drugsBut that can mean a lot of pills to takeIt would be_if drug companies combined all the medicines into a single pill，taken just once a day Now，two companies say they have done that for people just_treatment for HIV，the virus that canses AIDSThe companies are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead SciencesThey haye_a single pill that combines three drugs currently 0/1the market3 BristolMyers Squibb sells one of them_the name of Sustiva4 Gilead combined the_，Emtfiva and Viread，into a singlepill in two thousand four Combining drugs involves more than_issuesIt also involves issues of competition_the drugs are made by different companiesThe new oncedaily pill is the result of_is escribed as the first joint venture agreement of its kind in the treatment of HIV In January the New England Journal of Medicine5 published a study of the new pillResearchers compared its_to6 that of the widely usetwo drugs，AZT7 and 3TC8 The researchers say that after one year of treatment，the new pill suppressed HIV1evels in more patients and with_side effects9 Gilead paid for the studyProfessor Joel Gallant at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore，Maryland，led the researchHe is a paid adviser to Gilead and BristolMeyers Squibb as well as the maker of Combivir，GlaxoSmithKline Glaxo Smith Kline reacted_the findings by saying thai：a single studyis of limited valueIt says the effectiveness of Combivir has been shown in each of more than fifty studies The price of the new oncedaily pill has not been announcedBut Gilead and BristolMyers Squibb say they will provide it at reduced cost to developing countriesThey plan in the next few months to ask the United States Food and Drug Administrationlo tothe new pill There are limits to who could take it because of the different drugs it containsFor example，_women are told not to take Sustiva because of the risk of bish disorders11Experts say more than forty million people around the world are living with HIV 词汇： malaria n疟疾tuberculosis n结核 j：人免疫缺陷病毒 2AIDS：获得性免疫缺陷综合征，艾滋病 3on the market：出售 4Sustiva以及后面出现的Emtriva、Viread和Combivir都是治疗艾滋病药物的商品名 5New England Journal of Medicine：新荚格兰医药杂志New England是美国东北六州的总称 6英国英语中compare with是“与相比较”的意思，compare to是“把比作”的意思，但在美国英语中compare t0也有compare with的意思，这里就是“把与相比较”的意思 7AZT：叠氨胸苷 83TC：拉夫米定 9side effect：副作用 10United States Food and Drug Administration：美国食品与药晶管理局 11birth disorder：先天性疾病 练习： 1Aconservation Beooperation Ccombinations Dconsiderations 2Asimpler Bmore complex Cmore meaningless Dmore troublesome 3Astarting Bstopping Cending Ddiscontinuing 4Aanalyzed Bexamined Cexpiored Ddevekped 5Abefore Bafter Cunder Dabove 6Aone Bones Cother Dothers 7Asocial Btechnical Cpersonal Dhistmqcal 8Aif Bas if Cthough Das though 9Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhatever 10Asize Bshape Cappearance Deffectiveness 11Aexcludes Bcontains Clooks like Dtastes of 12Afew B fewer Cmany Dmore 13Afor Bwith Cto DInto 14Aprove Bdisprove Cimprove Dapprove 15Aweak Bstrong Celder Dpregnant答案：CAADC DBACD BBCDD阅读下面的短文。短文中有15个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列出了四个备选答案。请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。(2010年新增)* 第七篇 Nurse! I Want My Mummy    When a child: is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be 1 them.    Most hospitals now, allow parents to sleep 2 with child, providing a bed or sofa on the