2018届高三英语上学期期中试题.doc

2018届高三英语上学期期中试题 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) I. Listening prehension (25)Section A (10*1)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied.C. Bored. D. Exhausted.2. A. 7:00.B. 7:10.C. 9:00.D. 9:10.3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant.C. A saleswoman.D. A waitress.4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store.5. A. He hasnt had a chance to meet Kathy yet.B. Kathy had already told him the news.C. He didnt know that Kathy was being moved.D. His new office will be located in New York.6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver.C. There are no flights to Toronto. D. There are two direct flights to Toronto.7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about Georges remarks.C. George does not care about her.D. George shouldnt have said much about her.8. A. She cant afford that much for a trip. B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. She doesnt think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting.10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident.B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.C. The man wasnt wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.D. The mans daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home.Section B (10*1.5) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.C. pany employees.D. Successful artists.12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries.C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.13. A. Kindness.B. Diligence.C. Willingness.D. Interest.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly.15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.C. Because it is suitable for everyone.D. Because people neednt concentrate on it.16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of peoples life.C. It can make peoples hearts stronger.D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours.C. He has been surfing the Internet for long. D. He has been doing school work all night.18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.C. To release pressure from heavy work.D. To look for information for his project.19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. Its a waste of time to surf the Internet.C. A lot of information can be found.D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests. B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites. C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom. D. Its hardly the best source of information available.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30)Section A (10*1)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.（Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia was delivered to my house. No card or note came with it. ）I dont remember ever slamming my door ( 21)_ anger at her and shouting,“you just dont understand!”, but she did understand.One month before my high-school graduation, my father died of a heart attack. My feelings ranged from grief to abandonment, fear and overwhelming anger that my dad was missing some of ( 22 )_( important) events in my life. I became pletely uninterested in my uping graduation, the senior-class play and the prom. But my mother, in the midst of her own grief, (23)_ not hear of my skipping any of those things.The day before my father died, my mother and I ( 24 ) _ ( go ) shopping for a prom dress. Wed found a spectacular one, with yards and yards of dotted Swiss in red, white and blue, ( 25 ) _ made me feel like Scarlett O Hara, but it was the wrong size. When my father died, I forgot about the dress.My mother didnt. The day before the prom, I found that dress-in the right size-draped majestically over the living-room sofa. It wasnt just delivered, still in the box. It (26)_(present) to me-beautifully, artistically, lovely. I didnt care if I had a new dress or not. But my mother did.She wanted her children to feel （27）_ ( love ) and lovable, creative and imaginative, imbued with a sense （28）_ there was magic in the world and beauty even in the face of adversity. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see （29）_ much like the gardenia-lovely, strong and perfect-with an aura of magic and perhaps a bit of mystery. My mother died ten days after I married. I was 22 years old. That was the year the gardenias stopped (30)_(e).Section B (10*2)Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. boast B. underrepresented C. shared D. participation E. pursuit F. launchedG. confirmed H. female I. barriers J. agreements K. advancingGender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overall well-being of a population.“If the world closed the gender gap in workforce 31 , global Gross Domestic Product would increase by 28 trillion dollars by 2025. Thats about a quarter of the worlds current GDP, and almost half of the worlds current debt,” said U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Womens Issues Catherine Russell in a recent speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure, and peace 32 last longer when women are at the negotiating table.”Nonetheless, no country in the world can 33 that it has achieved full gender equality.“Around the world, women are vastly 34 in politics and the workforce, particularly in leadership positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women make up the majority of the poor. “Ive heard people say that poverty has a 35 face, and that makes sense when you consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth,” said Ambassador Russell.World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from 36 gender equality, she said. This is why gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policy. A key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating and empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States 37 its global strategy to empower adolescent girls, as well as Let Girls Learn, which is a Presidential initiative that focuses on educating girls.We are also working with numerous countries to remove 38 that keep women from inheriting or owning property, entering the formal job market or accessing banking services.“Gender equality sometimes looks like an impossible task a 39 without an end,” said Ambassador Russell. “But.we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, men and boys all around the world. And in doing so, we can reach our 40 goals of peace, prosperity, and security.”III. Reading prehension (45)Section A (15*1)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrase that best fits the context. Rewards and punishments are used in different ways by different munities to maintain social order and preserve cultural values. In all cultures, parents must teach their children to _41_ the munitys moral rules and to avoid danger. Adults also condition（训练）each others observance of social norms, using methods ranging from _42_ forms of disapproval such as looking away when someone makes an inappropriate remark, to putting to death individuals for behavior considered abnormal or dangerous. The caning（鞭打）of American teenager Michael Fay in Singapore in 1994 brought wide media attention to _43_ differences in the application of punishment. Faced with increasing violence at home, many Americans prove Singapores punishment to maintain social _44_. Was Fays punishment effective? Whether he _45_ avoids vandalism（故意破坏公物）is unknown, but the punishment did apparently lead to his avoidance of Singapore which he left promptly. The techniques societies use to maintain social control _46_ in part with the dangers and threats that confront them. The Gusii of Kenya, with a history of tribal warfare, face threats not only from outsiders but also from natural forces, including wild animals. Gusii parents tend to rely more on punishment and fear than on _47_ in conditioning appropriate social behavior in their children. Caning, food deprivation, and _48_ shelter and protection are mon forms of punishment. _49_, the Mixtecans of Juxtlahuaca, Mexico, are a highly cohesive （有凝聚力）munity, with little internal conflict, and social norms that encourage _50_. Their social patterns appear _51_, for the Mixtecans are dominated by the nearby Spanish Mexicans, who control the official government and many economic resources in their region. The Mixtecans do not generally impose fines or jail sentences or use physical punishment to prevent aggression. Social rejection is the most feared punishment, and social ties within the munity are very strong, so responses that _52_ these ties are effective in maintaining social order. In the United Sates, _53_ of social rejection was once a more powerful force in maintaining control over antisocial behavior, especially in small munities. Today, even imprisonment does not appear to be an adequate _54_ to many forms of crime, especially violent crime. Although one reason is the inconsistent application of punishment, another may be the fact that imprisonment no longer carries the _55_ shame it once had, so that prison is no longer as an effective punishment.41. A. learnB. challengeC. observeD. revise42. A. routineB. traditionalC. criticalD. mild43. A. moralB. culturalC. historicalD. religious44. A. serviceB. orderC. welfareD. respect45. A. dramaticallyB. purposefullyC. consequently D. specifically46. A. varyB. matchC. copeD. meet47. A. threatsB. conflictsC. rewardsD. praise48. A. dominatingB. neglectingC. preventingD. withdrawing 49. A. For exampleB. On the contraryC. In contrastD. In fact50. A. petitionB. braveryC. creativityD. cooperation 51. A. adaptiveB. simpleC. orderlyD. casual52. A. threatenB. strengthen C. loosenD. lengthen53. A. extentB. problemC. fearD. experience54. A. checkB. clueC. impactD. judgment55. A. occasionalB. weakC. constantD. intenseSection B (11*2)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Reading Your Mind Modern technology allows scientists to look inside a living human brain to see what is happening. These procedures are safe and painless. By understanding the normal brain activity, doctors and scientists are better able to assess the brains behavior during times of injury, disease, and mental illness. CT or CAT scans: puted tomography (CT) or puterized axial tomography (CAT) shows images of the brain by passing multiple X-ray beams through the brain tissue. CT or CAT scans show a cross-section of the brain. These scans can be used to find brain tumors. MRI scans: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnet to cause the atoms of the brain to shake. MRI sensors pick up the signals emitted (imit 发出) from the brains atoms and a puter interprets them as a picture. MRIs show more detail than CT or CAT scans can. They are especially useful in finding brain tumors that grow on the back of the brain, between the ears.PET scans: Positron emission tomography (PET) is different from other scans because it shows how the brain functions. After a persons bloodstream is injected with a small dose of glucose (葡萄糖), which is what gives the brain energy, scanners around the head detect where the glucose moves. The PET scan shows which part of the brain use a lot of glucose, which are the more active parts. PET scans are helpful for diagnosing strokes, studying mental illness, and learning how the brain process language.56. How can doctors and scientists understand the brains reaction to injury, disease, or mental illness?A. By contrasting it with normal brain activities.B. By passing the X-Ray beams through the brain tissue.C. By picking up the signals emitted from the brains atoms.D. By being injected with glucose and detecting where it moves.57. By Which two scans mentioned are helpful for diagnosing brain tumors?A. C T / CAT and PETB. MRI and PETC. CT/CAT and MRID. CT and CAT58. If a person suffers from defect in speaking, which scan will a doctor be most likely to suggest? A. CT / CATB. MRI C. PETD. Any one of them (B)Science is not always so seriousDid you know that if you attach a weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks like a dinosaur?No, you did not know (or care to know) such things, but now you do! Thanks to this years winners of the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its 25thyear, the Ig Nobel is the goofy younger cousin of the honored Nobel Prize. It applauds achievements in the fields of medicine, biology, physics, economics, literature, etc. Every September at Harvard University, awards are presented in 10 categories that change year to year, depending on according to the organization what makes the judges “laugh, then think”.The ceremony officially begins when audience members launch paper airplanes at an assigned human target on the stage, then speakers only have 60 seconds to present their research. In previous years, the one-minute rule was imposed by a young girl nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo who would go up to the platform and repeat the words: “Please stop, Im bored,” in a sharp tone until the speaker left the stage. Fortunately for candidates though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held afterwards on Saturday to give presenters more time to explain the crazy things theyre working on.The research can seem more like the brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable adults. Justin Schmidt won the physiology Ig for creating the “Sting Pain Index,” which rates the pain people feel after getting stung (蛰) by insects. Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts of his body until they stung him. Five stings a day for 38 days, Smith concluded that the most painful sting locations were the nostril (鼻孔) and the upper lip. Ouch.As silly as they sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific applicability. A group of scientists from 12 different countries won in the medicine category for accurately diagnosing patients with appendicitis (阑尾炎) based on an unusual measurement: speed bumps (减速带). They found that patients are more likely to have appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car rides. All these weird experiments have just one thing in mon. Theyre improbable.It can be tempting to assume that “improbable” implies more than that implies bad or good, worthless or valuable, trivial or important. Something improbable can be any of those, or none of them, or all of them, in different ways. And what you dont expect can be a powerful force for not only entertaining science, but also for the boundary-pushing science we call innovation.59. The underlined word “goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means _. A. timid B. funny C. glorious D. warm-hearted60. According to the passage, what can we know about the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel? A. It is held at a fixed place. B. Candidates should know how to fold paper planes. C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the hostesses. D. Ig Informal Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish their speeches.61. The example in Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel _. A. celebrates the diligent work of researchers B. offers another opportunity to those who miss the Nobel Prizes C. serves as a platform for the creative and practical achievements D. amuses the audience62. Among the four candidates below, who is most likely to win an Ig Nobel? A. A chemist who invents a chemical method to partially un-boil an egg. B. A novelist who criticizes social injustice severely. C. A physicist who studies the origin of the universe. D. An economist who achieves a breakthrough in the study of international trade. (C)The psychology of innovationWhy are so few panies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival, and panies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centers designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesnt make them feel at all creative. And there are those who dont have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that panies dont succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employees values and a panys values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, theyre still at the pany.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rocknroll emphasizes Cialdinis views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Suns million-doll