高一英语必修4 Unit 2 Grammar The usage of ing form

The usage of ing form表示主动的或正在进行表示主动的或正在进行的动作或状态的动作或状态Attribute(定语定语)Object Complement(宾语补足语宾语补足语)Subject (主语主语) Predicative(表语表语)Object(宾语宾语)Adverbial(状语状语)1.Walking is good for everyone. 2. Our job is playing all kinds of music. 3. We shall appreciate hearing from you again.4. Do you know the boy lying under the tree? 5. People come to theme parks, looking for excitement. 6. On the hill, he saw smoke rising from the chimneys.(主语）主语）（表语）（表语）（宾语）（宾语）（定语）（定语）（状语（状语)（宾补）（宾补）A. 作定语作定语 （单个（单个-ing 形式一般放在被修饰的名词之前形式一般放在被修饰的名词之前 而而 -ing短语一般放在被修饰的名词之后短语一般放在被修饰的名词之后)1.This amusing story made us laugh .2.The girl coming to dinner tonight is a famous film star.1.坐在我旁边的女孩默默地看着我坐在我旁边的女孩默默地看着我.The girl _looked at me in silence.2.There was a car came in the other direction.3.We cant attend the meeting held now as were very busy.sitting beside mecoming当表示正在被完成的动作时可用当表示正在被完成的动作时可用being done，修饰名词时往往后置，修饰名词时往往后置The building being built now is our gymnasium(体育馆）体育馆）.being当表示已经被完成和将要被完成的动作时可用当表示已经被完成和将要被完成的动作时可用done和和to be doneThis is the building built last year.Theyve designed the building to be built next year.B. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语1.感官动词感官动词 see /look at / notice/ watch /observe/ catch /feel/ find /smell/ hear/ listen to +o.+doing2.haveget+o.+doing3.keepleave+o.+doing4.with+o.+doing+dodone+do(get+o.+to do)done+done/adj./adv./prep.phrase+doneto doadj.adv.prep.phrase被动：被动：be seen to dodoingdone1.I heard_(他在唱歌他在唱歌)when I passed his house.2.Turn off the lights!Dont leave them _(亮亮着着)all night long.3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smokedhim singing(b)burningonC. 作主语和表语作主语和表语1.区别区别doing 和和to do 作主语和表语时的不同作主语和表语时的不同2.doing和和to do 作主语时谓语动词用单数作主语时谓语动词用单数3.固定句型：固定句型：It is no usegood doing4.注意注意-ed式形容词和式形容词和-ing式形容词作表语和定语时的区别式形容词作表语和定语时的区别1.In some countries, _ (nod) ones head _ (mean) “no” .noddingmeans2._ (teach) is quite interesting.3._ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.TeachingTo teachshockexciteinviteencouragedisappoint1.It is _ to watch the worlds top soccer players play in China.2. I was _when I heard about your accident.3.The father must have said something _ because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.4.He said in a _ voice that he would leave at once. 5.The food didnt look very _. It was not worth the money.shockedexcitinginvitingencouragingdisappointed4.We were _in the _ story.(有趣的）有趣的）interestedinterestingD. 作作 宾语（宾语（-ing形式及其形式及其复合结构复合结构可以放在可以放在动词、介词、短语动词、介词、短语之后）之后） 1.固定的动词之后（固定的动词之后（avoidappreciatefinishmind)2.固定短语之后（固定短语之后（give up/ keep on/ be worth/feel like )3. remember/ forget/ regret /mean /try /like/ dislike/ love/ stop / go on /cant help 之后之后加加doing 和和to do 区别区别1.You can show your welcome to someone by _ (shake) hands with him or her.2.I feel like _ (休息）休息）.Would you mind _ (我坐这儿）？我坐这儿）？3.I remember _ (把书还给你了）把书还给你了）.4. She strongly disliked spoken to like that.shakingtaking a restmyme sitting here returning the book to youbeingE. 作状语的用法（在句子中表示作状语的用法（在句子中表示时间、条件、伴随、结时间、条件、伴随、结 果、原因等）果、原因等）1.当主句中的谓语动词和当主句中的谓语动词和-ing短语中动词所表示的动作同时发生时，短语中动词所表示的动作同时发生时，用用-ing 形式形式, 否定式为否定式为not doing2. -ing 短语中动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的短语中动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，动作之前， 用用having done 形式（被动用形式（被动用having been done)， 否定式为否定式为 not having (been) done3.-ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语4.从属连词从属连词+动词的动词的-ing 形式形式动词的过去分词动词的过去分词(whenwhileoncealthoughunless, since, whenever, until, as if)Arriving home, she found the door locked.Having failed the exam, he no longer played computer games.Not knowing what to do, your advice is important to me.While reading the letter, she cried.1.He stood at the school gate and greeted the new students.2. After she was told that her daughter got sick，she went to the school to take her home.3.Looking on the top of the hill,_.a.there were lot of tall buildings b. lots of tall buildings were seen c.I saw a lot of tall buildings d. our city looked very beautiful.4.当在看这部感人的电影时当在看这部感人的电影时/当被问到为什么偷窃时，她忍不住哭了。当被问到为什么偷窃时，她忍不住哭了。He stood at the school gate, greeting the new students.Having been told that her daughter got sick, she went to the school to take her home.When_, she _. When seeing the moving film, /asked why she stole, she couldnt help crying(C) V-ing 形式的复合结构是在该形式前加上动作的发出者，多为形容词性物主代词或名词所以格，这一复合结构常在句中作主语和宾语。作主语时，在句首需用名词所有格形式，如果不出现在句首可用代词的宾格或名词的普通格代替。1.Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. A.his being not ale B. him not to be ableC.his not being able D.him to be not able2._ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A.The president will attend B.the president to attend C.the president attended D.the presidents attending3.The discovery of new evidence led to _.A.the thief having caught B.catch the thief C.the thief being caught D.the thief to be caught