（全国版）2020版高考英语一轮复习 语法练 第5练 形容词和副词练习（含解析）.docx

第5练 形容词和副词基础巩固.单句语法填空1Thereweremanypeoplewaitingthere，andsomeofthemlookedanxiousand(disappoint)2Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders，butadultswillfindthissite(suit) forthemaswell.3Almostallthefableshewrotearehumorousand(entertain)，appealingtopeopleofallages.4Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe(late) medicaldevelopment.5Theboystoodupandacceptedtheprize，(surprise) butveryhappy.6Asthelastnamebecame(wide) accepted，thefirstletterwascapitalized.7Youhaventchangedatallyoustilllook(exact) thesameasbefore.8Thewomansmiledandnoddedtome，expressingherthanks(sincere) againandagain.9Factorieshavebecomecleaneras(strict) environmentpollutionlawshavebeenintroduced.10Sohismother，whowas(will) topayforhiseducation，broughthimhometolookafterthesheep.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminuteslate，ourhousefelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenience，regardlessoftimeandspace.13Unlucky，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakeeffectivelymeasurestocallforwastesorting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidntrealwanttomakemoneybypainting.16Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduationearly.18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingandmeaningless.19Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditveryinterested.20Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.技法总结在语法填空中1根据句子意思判断空格处要填的词在句子中作什么成分。下列情况常填形容词：(1)用来修饰名词；(2)位于系动词后作表语；(3)作宾补；(4)表示主语的状态。如果用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则填副词。2如果空格后有表示比较的提示词than，则填形容词或副词的比较级；如果有表示比较范围的in/of短语、定语从句，则填形容词或副词的最高级。另外，还要注意使用比较级的固定句式，如“the比较级，the比较级”等。在短文改错中常考查形容词和副词的误用。1作表语时除了地点副词外均用形容词；作定语时，若前置则用形容词，如果后置则可能用地点副词或形容词短语；作状语时除了有少数几个能表示主语情况的形容词外，一般用副词。2如果有“in范围”或“of范围”来限定范围，要用最高级形式。3注意一些固定句型。如the比较级，the比较级； cant.more.等。4注意一些习惯用法，确定形容词或副词的形式。如whats more/worse，sooner or later等。能力提升.阅读理解A(2018辽宁沈阳质监)Myfavoritebook，TheSecretbyRhondaByrne，talksaboutaformulacalled“SFF”whichstandsfor“stoppingfindingfaults”Iusedtobeacriticalpersonandtriedtofindfaults.IguessIsomehowinheritedthischaracterfrommyfather.Actuallymanygoodqualitiesofmyfatherareworthadmiringexceptthis.Myfatheristhepersonwhoconstantlylooksformistakesinotherpeopleandhethinksnooneisperfectintheworld.Hischaractercreatedanegativeatmosphereinmyfamily.Iwasthesameasmyfather，soIoftenfeltangry，disappointed，depressed，andlonelyinschool.AfterIhadreadmyfavoritebookIbegantoseek“goodthings”inotherpeople.Ithascompletelyalteredmylife.NowIfeelhappier，Ihavemorefriends，Ihavemoretrustinpeople，andIrealizeeveryonehastheirownstrength! AnotherimportantlessonIgotfromthisbookisthatIshouldalwaysbehavemyselfinapositivemanner.Letsadmitthatwesometimescomplainaboutoursituation.Thatsnotgood.“Believeitornot，peopledontliketolistentonegativeopinions.”OnemorevaluablelessonIgotfromthebookisthatIshouldbeagoodlistener.WhenIwasyounger，IonlywantedpeopletopaywholeattentiontomywordssothatIcouldshowthemhowimportantIwas.Iwasveryproudandwouldshowoffmyachievementsinschoolwithoutconsideringothersfeeling.Ihadveryfewfriendsandmostpeopleconsideredmeasan“arrogant”person.Now，Ifinditmucheasiertomakefriendsaftermakingsomechanges!21WhydoestheauthorlikethebookTheSecret?ABecausehesfoundthesecretofsuccessfromit.BBecausethebookuncoversthesecretsofhappiness.CBecauseheslearnthisfatherscharactersfromit.DBecauseithelpshimchangehisattitudetowardslife.22Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthorsfather?AHemakeshissonfeelangryanddisappointed.BHelikesfindingfaultswithpeoplearoundhim.CHeseemsacriticalpersonbutinfacteasygoing.DHecancreateanegativeatmospherewhennecessary.23Theunderlinedword“arrogant”probablymeans“”AselfimportantBadmirableCtroublesomeDcoldblooded24Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?ATopersuadereaderstobegoodlisteners.BTosharehispainfulchangingexperience.CTotellreaderstheinfluenceofabookonhim.DToshowtheresultofhisfathersnegativecharacter.B(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyareandsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcodeorDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600,000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehavior.Instead，theresearchersturnedtothenaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(变异) intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲) ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthatalterlifespan(寿命)Mutationsinagene(asetofinstructionsinDNA) thatisinvolvedinrunningtheimmunesystemcouldaddsevenmonthsoflifeonaverage.Peoplewithamutationthatincreasedlevelsofbadcholesterolknockedeightmonthsofflifespan.AraremutationinageneAPOElinkedtodementiareducedlifespanby11months.Andonethatmadesmokingmoreappealingcutlivesbyfivemonths.DrJoshisaysthatwhilegenesdoinfluencelifespan，“youvegotevenmoreinfluence”throughthechoicesyoumake.DrJoshisaid，“Wehopetodiscovergenesaffectinglifespantogiveusnewinformationaboutageingandconstructtreatmentforageing.”Therearealsosomediseasemutationsthatclearlyaffectlifespanandtodestructiveeffect，suchastheHuntingtonsgene.PeoplewithHuntingtonsoftendieintheir20s.However，inordertofollowpeopleuntiltheendoftheirlives，manyofthepeoplestudiedwerebornbefore1940.25Whatisthemostdifficultfortheresearcherstofind?AThedifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcode.BThereasonswhypeopleputonweightveryeasily.CTheresultsofmanynaturalandmassiveexperiments.DOnebadbehaviourseffectonpeoplewithmanybadbehaviours.26Whichofthefollowingmutationsaffectslifespanmostgreatly?AOnelinkedtocontrollingimmunesystem.BOneincreasingunhealthycholesterol.COnecalledAPOEinvolvedindementia.DOnemakingsmokingmoreattractive.27WhatsthemeaningofDrJoshisstudy?ATohelpstopmutations.BTofinddiseasesearlier.CTomakepeoplelivelonger.DToreducetheeffectsofgenes.28Whydidresearchersmainlystudypeoplebornbefore1940?ATofollowthemuntiltheydie.BToeducatethemanextrayear.CToshowtheyaremoreimportant.DTomakethemlivehappier.完形填空Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopularlocalrestaurant.Itwas29businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We30foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown，weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy31thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas32andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy33manyyearsago.Once，I34intheairportbecauseIhadrushedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo35.Nowthiswasmychanceto36itforward.Irantotheyoungmanssideimmediately，turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto37ahotdrink.SoonpeoplestartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot，38Iwasskillfulatblackingout(晕厥)Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes，39whathadhappened.I40himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada41experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe29A.peakBlocalCspareDregular30A.actuallyBfinallyCeagerlyDgradually31A.kickedBtouchedChitDswept32A.silenceBdangerCdoubtDtension33A.adventureBflightCexperienceDlesson34A.showedupBwalkedaroundCsettleddownDpassedout35A.friendsBstrangersCcolleaguesDrelatives36A.payBreturnCtakeDput37A.orderBbuyCserveDbring38A.andBsoCbecauseDbut39A.knowingBwonderingCignoringDarguing40A.remindedBcomfortedCansweredDencouraged41A.memorableBpersonalCsimilarDcommon42drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtillhefeltOK.Bythenthe43hadarrived.Iaskedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe44andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas45itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadnt46anythingyet，sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome，nothungryanymore，feeling47fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe48Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.42A.coolBrefreshingCsweetDwarm43A.customerBmanagerCwaitressDdoctor44A.paymentBrewardCsuggestionDsupport45A.upBawayCoverDbehind46A.preparedBdemandedCreceivedDordered47A.readyBanxiousCgratefulDcomfortable48A.kindnessBhonorCinspirationDservice答案解析.1.disappointed2.suitable3.entertaining4.latest5surprised6.widely7.exactly8.sincerely9.stricter10.unwilling.11.Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminutes，ourhousefelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyand，regardlessoftimeandspace.13.，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestocallforwastesorting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidntwanttomakemoneybypainting.16Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduation.18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingand.19Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditvery.20Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.语篇解读作者原来是一个爱挑剔的、自以为是的人，但读了秘密这本书后，改变了很多。21D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After I had read my favorite book I began to seek good things in other people.It has completely altered my life.Now I feel happier，I have more friends，I have more trust in people，and I realize everyone has their own strength！”可知，作者读了这本书之后，对待生活的态度发生了改变，所以D正确。22B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world.”可知，作者的父亲喜欢挑别人的毛病。23A词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others feeling.”可知，作者骄傲自大，从不考虑别人的感受，这就是作者朋友很少的原因。故选A项。24C写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者因为读了一本书，由原来的自以为是、爱挑毛病，变得积极乐观友好，所以本文是为了介绍书对作者的影响。故选C。25D推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“If someone smokes，drinks，drops out of school and is overweight，it can be difficult to identify the impact of one specific unhealthy behavior.”可知，很难确定某种特定的不良行为对有着许多不良行为的人产生的影响。故选D。26C细节理解题。根据“A rare mutation in a geneAPOElinked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.”可知，一种叫做APOE的基因对寿命的影响最大。故选C。27C目的意图题。根据倒数第三段中“We hope to discover genes affecting lifespan to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment for ageing.”可知，Joshi博士研究的目的是为了让人们更长寿。故选C。28A细节理解题。根据最后一段“However，in order to follow people until the end of their lives，many of the people studied were born before 1940.”可知，研究人员主要研究1940年前出生的人是为了追踪他们直到他们去世。故选A。.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者和朋友去餐厅吃饭，突然打扫卫生的男孩摔倒在地，作者立刻提供帮助。因为之前作者晕倒的时候，也有陌生人提供了帮助。所以作者想把这份善良传递下去。29Apeak高峰的；local当地的；spare空闲的；regular有规律的。根据后半句可知餐厅里非常拥挤，说明是用餐的高峰期。故A项正确。30Bactually实际上；finally最终；eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地。句意为：我们三个最终在角落里找到了一张桌子。故B项正确。31Ckick踢；touch触摸；hit撞击；sweep清扫。根据下文的描述可知，男孩倒在地上了，所以此处应该是“撞击地面”，故C项正确。32Asilence安静；danger危险；doubt怀疑；tension紧张。由后半句“no one was saying or doing anything”可知，此时一片寂静，故A项正确。33Cadventure探险；flight航班；experience经验，经历；lesson教训。看到这一幕，作者突然想起了很多年前的一次经历。根据下文描述可知，作者以前也晕倒过。故C项正确。34Dshow up出现；walk around四处走动；settle down定居；pass out昏迷。根据下文可知作者饿着肚子匆忙前往机场，昏迷后受到陌生人的帮助。故D项符合语境。35Bfriend朋友；stranger陌生人；colleague同事；relative亲戚。这次作者想帮助这位陌生的打扫卫生的男孩，是因为之前作者受到陌生人的帮助，想把这份善良传递下去。故B项正确。36Apay偿还；return返回；take带走；put放置。作者想偿还别人给他的帮助。文章最后一句中的pay forward也是提示。故A项正确。37Dorder命令，点(餐)，订购；buy购买；serve服务；bring带来，拿来。此处指大声叫着让人拿杯热饮来。bring表示从远处把物品拿到近处。故D正确。38D句意为：我说我不是医生，但是在处理晕厥方面我很擅长。前后句之间是转折关系，故D项正确。39Bknow知道；wonder想知道；ignore忽视；argue争论。句意为：男孩睁开眼睛，想知道发生了什么事情。故B项正确。40Bremind提醒；comfort安慰；answer回答；encourage鼓励。句意为：我安慰他说没什么问题，我也有过类似的经历。故B项正确。41Cmemorable难忘的；personal私人的；similar类似的；common普通的，常见的。参考上题解析。故C项正确。42D上文提到作者叫人拿来一杯热饮，故此处应为warm drink。故D项正确。43B根据下文“The manager was kind enough to.”可知，餐厅的经理过来处理这件事情了。故B项正确。44Apayment付款；reward报酬；suggestion建议；support支持。由上文中的“I offered to pay.”可知，作者主动提出付钱，但经理拒绝了。故A项正确。45C作者处理好这一切以后，时间已经很晚了。be over结束。故C项正确。46Dprepare准备；demand要求；receive收到；order点(餐)，订购，命令。根据后半句“我们决定回家”可知，作者和同事并没有在餐厅里点餐。故D项正确。47Cready准备好的；anxious焦虑的；grateful感激的；comfortable舒服的。对于有这样帮助他人的机会，作者心怀感激之情。故C项正确。48Akindness善良；honor荣耀；inspiration灵感；service服务。根据上文可知作者晕倒的时候也得到别人的帮助，现在我有机会帮助他人，把这份善良传递下去。故A项正确。