英语：Unit 12导学案(人教版七下)

Unit 12 Dont eat in class.导学案一、 学习目标、重点、难点学习目标：1.学习情态动词can和have to的用法2.学会用英文表达一些标志的含义 3.学习掌握祈使句的用法4.学习各种可以用在表述规章制度的动词和句型。学习重难点：1.情态动词can和have to的用法 2.祈使句的用法及应答二、知识概览图话 题Talk about rules.必记单词（Section A）fight outside else（Section B）by wash later（Section C）loudly必背短语（Section A）have to 不得不；必须 sports shoes 运动鞋 in the hallways 在走廊里 arrive late for class 上课迟到 listen to music 在教室里 wear a hat 戴帽子 the music room 音乐教室 the dining hall餐厅 in school 在学校 wear a uniform 穿校服 gym class 体操课（Section B）the Childrens Palace 少年宫 no talking不许讲话 on school nights在上学的晚上 too many太多的 be in bed上床睡觉 help mom make dinner帮妈妈做饭 learn the piano学钢琴 （Section C）family rules 家庭规则 ride ones bike 骑自行车wear a helmet 戴头盔 talk loudly 大声说话交际用We have to clean the classroom.我们必须打扫教室。Practice your guitar every day.每天练习你的吉他。We can eat in the dining hall.我们能在食堂吃东西。Dont eat in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。 Dont arrive last for class.不要上课迟到。2 / 9语语 法祈使句；情态动词can用法三、新课导引教师吃东西，问学生能否这样做，然后教师示范：Dont eat in the classrooms.四、教材精华1. Dont arrive late for class.不要上课迟到。（1）本句为祈使句的否定形式，表示“禁止做某事”，句型为“Dont+动词原形+其他”。Dont eat in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。（2）arrive late for为固定短语，意为“迟到”，相当于be late for。Dont arrive late for the meeting.开会别迟到。2. Can we listen to music, Cindy? 辛迪，我们可以听音乐吗？本句是情态动词can的一般疑问句结构，can提前即可，用于询问是否可以做某事。Can I watch TV?我能看电视吗？【拓展】 can的一般疑问句的答语有两种，即肯定回答和否定回答。Can you wear hats in school?你们在学校可以戴帽子吗？Yes, we can./No, we cant.是的，可以戴。/不，不能戴。3. We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.我们不可以在走廊里听音乐，但我们可以在外面听。本句为情态动词can的否定句，其结构为：主语+cant/can not +动词原形+其他。We cant talk in class.我们不能在课堂上说话。4. Do you have to wear a uniform at school? 你们在学校必须穿校服吗？本句中的have to为固定短语，意为“不得不；必须”，其后接动词原形，有时态和人称的变化。I have to go at once.我得马上走。5. Mary, you dont have to wear a uniform.玛丽，你不必穿校服。本句中的dont have to 为have to 的否定形式，当主语是第三人称单数时，dont 要改为doesnt。He doesnt have to wait for me.他不必等我。【拓展】have to 的一般疑问句是要把助动词do/does提前，且简略回答中也要用do/does.Do you have to wear a uniform at school?你在学校必须穿校服吗？Yes, I do./No, I dont.是的，必须穿。/不，不必穿。五、语法技巧一、祈使句祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句又称无主句，其谓语动词用原形。1B型祈使句：be动词+其他。Be careful next time.下次要细心。2V型祈使句：动词原形+其他。Open the window, please.请打开窗子。【注意】 这两种祈使句变否定句在动词原形前加Dont。Dont open the window, please.请别打开窗子。3L型祈使句：Let+ sb+动词原形+其他。Lets go camping.咱们去野营吧。【注意】否定形式：“Let sb + not +动词原形+其他”或者在句首加“Dont”。Let him not go swimming.不要让他去游泳。4“No+动词-ing”表示禁止。No talking! 禁止说话！【注意】祈使句变反意疑问句用“will you / wont you?”；而Lets句型用“shall we?”;Let us句型用“will you?”。Dont be late for school, will you? 上学不要迟到，好吗？Lets go for a drive, shall we? 让我们开车去兜风，好吗？二、情态动词can的用法情态动词can无人称和数的变化，过去式是could，后接动词原形。否定句在can后加not，疑问句将can提到句首。1.can 表示可能性，意为“可能；可以”。He can run here in five minutes.他可能五分钟后跑到这儿。2.can表示能力，意为“能；会”。He can swim.他会游泳。3.can 表示允许，意为“可以”。You can use my car.你可以用我的车。六、课堂检测I.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空else, rule, classroom, fight, outside1. What are the _ at your school?2. The teacher is standing in the front of the _.3. The teacher asked the boys not to_.4. Its very cold _.Come in, please.5. What _ did you do?II.单项选择1._ you speak Japanese?No, I cant.A. Can B. Must C. May D. Should2.Have you seen my glasses? I _ find them.Sorry, I havent seen them.A. cant B. shouldnt C. wont D. mustnt3.Sorry for being late again._ here on time next time, or youll be punished.A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been4. The little boy is _ fat, because he eats _ rich food.A .too much, too much B. too much, much tooC. much too, too much D. much too, too much5. Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of _ rich food.A. too much B. much too C. very much D. too many.句型转换1. Lucy can play computer games. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_ Lucy _ computer games?_,she _.2. Be quiet.(改为否定句)_3. No talking in the reading room.(同义句转换)_ _ in the reading room.4. Let us go out for a walk, _ _?(完成反意疑问句)5. Dont smoke here, _ _?(完成反意疑问句)七、体验中考1.（2009重庆）Can you play the piano?Yes, I _,I often practice it on weekends.A. neednt B. need C. can D. can2.(2009北京)_ you swim?Yes, but Im not a good swimmer.A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must3.（2010杭州）Im leaving now._ you turn off the lights.A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure4.（2010龙岩）Whos that man under the tree? Is it Mr Black, our new English teacher?It _ be. Mr Black has gone to Shanghai for a holiday.A. mustnt B. cant C. should D. shouldnt5.（2010温州）This desk is too heavy. I move it. Could you help me?No problem.A. can B. cant C. should D. shouldnt八、学后反思 希望对大家有所帮助，多谢您的浏览！