山东政法干警考试热点：加强国民健康管理

2014山东政法干警考试热点：加强国民健康管理【背景链接】连续3天通宵加班的21岁银行实习生“过劳死”，30岁的游戏员工因心脏病突发猝死家中。近年来频繁发生的“过劳死”事件引发公众关注。有统计显示，巨大的工作压力导致我国每年“过劳死”的人数达60万人，中国已超越日本成为“过劳死”第一大国。这一数据意味着平均每天约超过1600人因劳累引发疾病离开这个世界。“以不合理饮食为基础的不良生活方式已经成为慢性病的最大宿敌,对人们健康产生巨大的负面影响”。2013国民健康报告显示,肥胖和不良生活习惯正在成为致慢性病的“主凶”,在疾病形成的多种因素中,个人生活方式占60%的比重。其中,不良生活习惯如酗酒、抽烟等增加慢性病的风险已高达四成。北京协和医院临床营养科副主任于康表示,良好的生活方式不仅可以大大降低慢性病风险,还可以治病,而目前国民健康素养亟待提高。【标准表述】存在问题健康资源是中国经济起飞的主要动力。没有健康的进步，“人口红利”缺乏基础。中共中央“十八大”报告提出，“坚持预防为主”。这为健康管理的发展提供了政策铺垫和支持。从现实情况看，我国正处于健康管理发展初期，缺乏适合国人的健康管理技术模式和服务体系，导致当前健康管理市场的乱象，国家无法就健康管理制订配套政策，健康管理产业步履艰难。版权一是对健康管理对象的认识存在误区。健康管理服务对象不仅仅是亚健康、慢性病及需要进行疾病康复的人群，而是全民，是对从出生到死亡的全生命过程的管理。二是对健康管理的认识存在误区。由于没有主流舆论的正确引导，把体检等同于健康管理，对造成疾病的各种风险因素干预和健康指导关注不够。三是人们日常体育锻炼与健身保健缺乏健康管理专家的专业指导，技术资源匮乏。当前大多健康管理组织缺乏应有的专业技术人员，而大型国有医疗机构拥有大量优质资源，在长期的干部保健中积累了丰富经验，它们的技术资源全部都用于解决看病难的问题，无人问津健康管理技术。版权公职考试知名品牌四是健康管理支付体制不健全在健康管理产业成熟之前，国家、健康管理公司、医院、消费者、保险公司等相关方利益关系不明确，各方缺乏动力。健康管理不仅仅是一个产业，更是一项提升全民健康水平的国家战略。从当前国内的实践看，健康管理产业鱼龙混杂，有明显的短期趋利性，不利于中国人健康状况的持续改善。对策措施国民全面健康应要从观念上由“治疗为主”切实转向“预防为主”，并在体制与政策上为健康管理工程的推进提供基础支持和培育。一是要重视健康文化传播。加强全民健康管理教育，普及健康知识，修正健康理念，这是健康管理能够顺利有效开展的重要前提。版权二是改革医疗卫生体制，包括建立相应的机构和制度、改革医疗保健体制的补偿模式、实现健康管理与保险对接等。三是实施“全民健康工程”，尽快出台和完善相关法律，如出台健康管理实施指导意见，将以健康管理纳入法律体系，明确政府、医疗机构、保险机构、社会组织和个人等在健康管理中的责任、义务和权利，为推进健康管理产业、实现全民健康工程提供抓手、支持和动力。同时，也应尽快制定完成中长期全面健康发展战略，从而为健康管理产业化提供依据。四是成立专门的行业组织，如中国健康管理协会或者中国健康管理研究会，制定和推行健康管理技术规范化标准，严格行业准入，规范健康管理产业的发展。五是建议国家将健康管理产业纳入扶持产业范围，按照战略新兴产业予以支持，并在财税、金融、土地、环保、食品、卫生、质检等方面出台配套政策。版权六是养成良好的健康的生活习惯，这有助于大大降低慢性病的风险,这要求平时注意养成健康规律的生活习惯,搭配合理健康的膳食结构,戒烟限酒,同时保持长期合理适量运动,则有助于大大降低心脑血管疾病、冠心病等慢性病发生的几率。QcWA3PtGZ7R4I30kA1DkaGhn3XtKknBYCUDxqA7FHYi2CHhI92tgKQcWA3PtGshLs50cLmTWN60eo8Wgqv7XAv2OHUm32WGeaUwYDIAWGMeR4I30kA1DkaGhn3XtKknBYCUDxqA7FHYi2CHhI92tgKQcWA3PtGZ7R4I30kA1DkaGtgKQcWA3P 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