（通用版）高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 2 The universal language用书 牛津译林版选修8-牛津版高三选修8英语试题

Unit 2The universal language.写作单词会拼写1castvt.& vi. 选派角色；投射(光、影)；向投以(视线、笑容)2stubbornadj.固执的，顽固的3condemnvt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责4darevt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢5seizevt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占6scoldvt.训斥，责骂7deadlinen.最后期限，截止日期8declinen.衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝9trendn.趋势，动向10seekvt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求11screamvi.尖叫，高声喊；呼啸n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音12universen.宇宙 universaladj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的13disturbvt.打扰，使中断，使焦虑 disturbingadj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的 disturbedadj.心理不正常的；精神失常的14willingadj.自愿的 willingnessn.乐意 unwillingadj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的15demandvt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求 demandingadj.要求高的，苛求的16evidentadj.清楚的，显然的 evidencen.证据；证词17mercyn.宽容，仁慈，怜悯 mercifuladj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的18employv.雇佣 employmentn.雇佣，工作，职业 employeen.雇员 employer n.雇主 unemploymentn.失业 unemployedadj.失业的19collectvt.收集 collectionn.作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走 collectorn.收集者；收藏家20tendv.倾向，趋向 tendencyn.倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向.阅读单词要识记21gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的22prejudice n.偏见，成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见23department n.部，司，局，处，系24folk adj.民间的，民俗的 n.人们；亲属(尤指父母)25discrimination n.歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力高频短语会默写1be condemned to sth.被处以某种刑罚2ask for sb.'s hand in marriage (向女方)求婚3fall in love 相爱，坠入爱河4at first sight初次见面；乍一看5participate in 参加；参与6split up 分手；分裂；破裂7spring up 突然兴起，迅速出现8break up 破裂，解散；破碎；拆开9go crazy 变得疯狂，发病10take on 呈现；雇用；承担教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting！(“否定词比较级”表示最高级意义)1.就我个人而言，身体健康最重要。As far as I'm concerned，nothing is .2.Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.(before引导时间状语从句，意为“尚未来得及”)2.我还没来得及问她的名字，她就把电话挂了。She rang off I had time to ask her name.3.Wherever the Beatles went，there was a phenomenon calledBeatlemaniathousands of fans would surround them，screaming and going crazy trying to see them.(wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论去哪里，无论在什么地方”)3.我希望你无论在哪里，都要用现在所拥有的做好你能做的事情。I expect you to do what you can with what you have， .【答案】1.more important than health2.before3.wherever you are精讲5个考纲单词 condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责教材原句Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to death.然而，那些不能答对三个谜语的人们将被处死。be condemned to sth.被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境condemn sb.to death判处某人死刑condemn sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而谴责某人condemn.as.指责为be condemned to do sth.注定做某事She knew that society would condemn her for abandoning her children.她知道社会会因她遗弃自己的孩子而谴责她。Those who do not learn from the past are condemned to repeat(repeat)it.那些不能从过去中吸取教训的人注定还要摔跟头。 dare vt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢教材原句This means that few men would dare to ask for her hand in marriage.这意味着几乎没人敢向她求婚。(1)dare用作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式dare not。(2)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化，常见搭配为dare to do sth.，在否定句和疑问句中，to可以省略。(3)How dare you.？你怎么敢？(用以表示对他人举动的愤慨)(4)I dare say我想，很可能，大概How dare you say such a thing?你怎敢说出这样的话？So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream(dream)所以，充分发挥自己的想象力，敢于去梦想。They dare not play(play)a joke on him in case he becomes angry.他们不敢对他开玩笑，怕他发火。 【导学号：92872141】 demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求教材原句Calaf's father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf，so Turandot seizes Calaf's father and Liu，and demands that they tell her Calaf's name or they will be beaten.有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，命令他们说出卡拉夫的名字，否则就要拷打他们。(1)demand to do sth.要求做某事(sth.)demand doing/to be done(某事)需要被做(sb.)demand that sb.(should)do sth.(某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)(2)in demand需求大on demand一经要求satisfy/meet the/one's demands满足(某人的)要求First，science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.首先，在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科更大。The public demanded to be told(tell)the truth about it.公众要求知道事情的真相。The workers demanded(that)their employer(should)improve(improve)their working conditions.工人们要求雇主改善他们的工作条件。链接写作一句多译她要求他归还向她借的书。 【导学号：92872142】She demanded that he(should)return the books he borrowed from her.(that从句)She demanded of him to return the books he borrowed from her.(简单句) decline n衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝高考佳句 Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children.(2016年江苏高考)甚至猩猩母亲也经常拒绝和她们的孩子分享食物(1)fall/go into decline陷入衰退in decline/on the decline在衰退中，走下坡路(2)decline to do sth.拒绝做某事In many cases living standards are on the decline/in decline.在许多方面生活水平正在下降。The minister declined to comment(comment)on the rumors.部长拒绝对那些传言发表评论。链接写作句型转换Because of the waste oil event，there were fewer customers in the restaurant. Because of the waste oil event，the number of customers in the restaurant was / 【答案】on the decline；in decline seek vt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求教材原句In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphis，Tennessee，Sam Philips，sought to bring rock music to white audiences.在20世纪50年代初期，田纳西州孟菲斯的一家唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯试图让白人观众接受摇滚乐。seek(for)sth./sb.寻找某物/某人seek sth.from sb.向某人请求/寻求某事seek to do sth.尝试/试图做某事seek out挑选出；物色；找出The tourists sought out a shady spot where they sat down and rested.游客找到一块阴凉的地方坐下休息。We seek to help(help)every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.我们试图帮助每个学生发现获得知识的快乐和充实。诠释2个核心短语 fall in love(with sb.) 爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河教材原句Shortly afterwards，another prince，Calaf，falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her.此后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，他决定解答谜语以便迎娶她。fall in love with“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语be in love with“爱/喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语lose one's heart to sb.爱上了某人Nancy was so attractive that Jimmy fell in love with her the first time he saw her.Now they have been in love with each other for 3 years.南希那么有吸引力，以至于吉姆对她一见钟情。现在他们已经相爱三年了。It's easy to fall(fall)in love when you meet the right person.当你遇上合适的人就很容易恋爱。 break up 破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；拆开，分开；分手；结束；放假一词多义写出句中break up的含义After the end­of­term examination all the schools begin to break up.放假Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without warning.(2016年北京高考)破碎，破裂If you do not understand her in this matter，you might easily break up with her.分手They broke up the partnership because of the disagreement.结束(关系等)As the meeting broke up，the participants divided into smaller groupstwos and threes.解散，结束There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.分拆，分解break away from摆脱，与断绝来往break down(车)抛锚，(计划)失败，(组织)瓦解，(人)非常悲伤，(身体)垮了，(和谈)中断break in强行闯进，打扰，插嘴break off拆开，裂开，断绝(关系)，停止，中断谈话break into闯入，强行进入，破门而入break out(疾病、火灾)突然发生，(部队)突围，(战争)爆发break through冲破阻力向前，在某个领域有进展或突破The elevators in this building are always breaking down这幢楼里的电梯总出故障。I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.我中断了交流去接电话。 【导学号：92872143】突破2个高考句型 (教材P18)Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting！想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧不可能有比这更棒的场景了！此句应用了“no/nevera/an比较级单数名词”的结构，表示最高级含义。下列结构均表示最高级含义：(2)完成时never(3)can't.The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中国的人口比世界上任何国家的人口都多。You can't be too careful enough to study.你学习时越认真越好。 (教材P19)Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.不幸的是，普契尼还没写完最后一幕就因心脏病去世了，这一幕不得不由他以前的学生法兰高·阿法奴完成。句中before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及就”。含before的常用句式有：(1)It won't be一段时间before.用不了多久就会(before从句用一般现在时)(2)It will be一段时间before.要过多久之后才(before从句用一般现在时)(3)It wasn't一段时间before.没过多久就(before从句用一般过去时)(4)It was一段时间before.过了多久(before从句用一般过去时)It won't be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们还会再见面的。Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.我还没有来得及插话，他就为我量好了尺寸。It was a long time before I got to sleep.过了好长时间我才睡着。 多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型基础考点全面练.单句语法填空1Not that I'm (willing)to go with you，but that I'm busy now.2I (seize)the chance to interview Zhang Bichen about her spare life.3 first sight the house appeared to be empty，but actually it wasn't. 【导学号：92872144】4Many high­rise buildings (spring)up all over the city in the past few years.5I have a tendency (talk)too much when I'm nervous.6No one dares (step)into his office without permission.7The police were investigating the case and declined (give)more details.8The manager demanded that the workers (work)extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.9Mind where you put your feet，or you could step on some (break)glass.10To tell you the truth，I've never heard more interesting story.【答案】1.unwilling2.seized3.At4.have sprung5.to talk6.to step7.to give8(should)work9.broken10.a.单句改错1The court condemned her uncle for ten years in prison. 【导学号：92872145】 2I can't see the more beautiful girl in my life. 3Where you are，you must be polite to others. 4She told me they had fallen in love for over five years. 5At first seeing the house appeared to be empty，but actually it wasn't. 【答案】1.forto2.thea3.WhereWherever4.fallenbeen5.seeingsight重难考点多维练1seek面面观(1)单句语法填空How can we seek a really right person for the job?He is a man who likes seeking wealth and power.You should seek advice your lawyer on this matter.(2)单句写作为了理解不同文化中成功人生的含义，理查德从2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人(time twin)。In order to understand the meaning of successful life in different cultures，Richard，from 2011， .【答案】outafter/forfrombegan to seek time twins around the world2before用法全方位(1)写出句中before的含义The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times before it finally came to include the sense“pleasant.” It wasn't long before he came back. Lock your bike before it gets stolen. It was a long time before I got to sleep again. (2)完成句子我们需要找出问题的根源才能解决问题。We need to get to the root of the problem .他被告知至少三个月以后他才能康复。He was told that it he could recover. 【导学号：92872146】【答案】在之前(不久)就以免才before we can solve it would be at least three months before.课文语法填空根据P1819课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Last night Turandot 1. (perform)in the Forbidden City in Beijing.Turandot is the story of a stubborn and cruel Chinese princess，named Turandot，2. lives in Beijing's Forbidden City.She says any potential husband must solve three riddles or will be condemned to death.The story begins when a prince is killed for failing 3. (solve)the riddles.Shortly afterwards，Calaf sees Turandot and 4. (fall)in love with her.Meanwhile，a young slave of Calaf's father，Liu，loves Calaf.Calaf answers the riddles 5. any mistake，but Turandot is unwilling to get 6. (marry)Calaf says that 7. she can guess his name by sunrise，she doesn't have to marry him.Turandot threatens and terrifies Liu；Liu kills 8. (she)In the end the prince and princess unite in 9. (marry)and the whole city celebrates their happiness.The production combined 10. very best of Western and Chinese talents in music，staging and directing.【答案】1.was performed2.who3.to solve4.falls5.without6.married7.if8.herself9.marriage10.the.课文短文改错根据P30课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Modern pop music has its root in the folk songs of black Americans hold in slavery.During the later part of the 19th century，black musicians used these folk songs to create a kind of music which called the blues.When the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance.Thus，from the blues，there sprung up jazz.From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a gradually decline，and was replaced by R & BIt combines the fast pace of many kinds of jazz with an older blues sound.During the early 1950s，rock and roll became popular but Beatles was the supreme band of the 1960s.【答案】第一句：root改为roots；hold改为held第二句：later改为late；去掉which或在which后加is第三句：When改为While；dance后加to第五句：gradually改为gradual第六句：combines改为combined；an改为the第七句：but改为and.高考话题微写作根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文并背诵成文。1现在的趋势是越来越多的年轻人不愿意听古典音乐了。(trend，unwilling)2因此，欣赏古典音乐的人数在急剧下降，现在的青少年偏爱于R&B。(decline，have a tendency for)3例如，许多女孩一眼就爱上了周杰伦，她们寻求一切机会来得到他的每一张专辑。(at first sight，fall in love with，seek，album)4然而，许多父母却对周杰伦有成见。(prejudice)5他们不喜欢他那种独特的音乐风格，许多家长甚至强烈要求学校应帮助学生建立良好的音乐鉴赏能力。(demand)6很明显，不同的年龄阶段有不同的观点。我们应该多与孩子交流并尊重他们的观点。(evident) 【参考范文】There is a trend that more and more young people are unwilling to listen to classical music.So the number of the young people who enjoy classical music is on the decline.The teenagers have a tendency for R & BFor example，many girls fall in love with Jay Chou at first sight.They seek chances to get his every album.However，a great many parents have prejudice against Jay Chou.They dislike his unique music style.They also demand that schools should help the students establish good appreciation of music.It is evident that people of different ages have different opinions.We should communicate more with our children and respect their opinions.