人教版英语八年级下第八单元现在完成时语法讲解

人教版八年级英语下Unit 8 语法课件 语 法 加 油 站现在完成时 现在完成时 1 .含义2 .基本结构表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。have/has+过去分词 含义3.标志词already yet never ever just before 等等肯定句主语+have/has+过去分词+其他例：I have had my lunch.我已经吃了午饭了。主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他否定句一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？例：Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？4.结构例：I have not (havent) had my lunch. 我还没吃午饭。 语 法 加 油 站现在完成时 现在完成时 5.动词 动词过去分词的变化规则：1） 动词一般在词尾加“-ed”如：workworkedworked2）以“e”结尾的动词，词尾加“-d”如： livelivedlived3） 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为 “i”，再加“-ed”如：crycriedcried4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写 该辅音字母，再加“-ed”如： stopstoppedstopped5）不规则动词的变化形式没有规律，如： see-saw-seen eat-ate-eaten break-broke-broken go-went-gone take-took-taken send-sent-sent find-found-found make-made-made have-had-had6.用法1. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。例如：He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教) I havent seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 现在完成时6.用法3.already:通常放于肯定句中意为“已经”有时放于疑问句中表示怀疑惊讶等的语气。如: I have already finished reading the book . 我已经读完这本书了。 Have you finished reading he book already? 你已经读完这本书了么？ yet 一般用于疑否句中，在句中意为“已经”；在否定句中意为“还”通常放于句末。如：Have you found the book yet ? 你已经找到那本书了么？ Not yet .还没找到。 She hasnt finished her homework yet. 她还没完成作业。4.在现在完成时的句子中非延续性动词不能直接与for 或since 连用，要变成表状态的形式。如：buy -have borrow-keep go out -be out leave -be away begin-be on open -be open close -be close die -be dead come -be join-be in 注：非延续性动词在否定句中可以用现在完成时。如：I havent bought anything for two months.如：They came here in 2008. -They have been here since 2008. Tom bought the car in 2009 -Tom have had the car since 2009. 语 法 加 油 站一、句型转换。1. Ive already had dinner.（改为一般疑问句） _ you _ dinner _？2. He has just finished his homework.（改为否定句） He _ _ his homework _.3. Mums cooked the dinner. （改为否定句） Mum _ _ the dinner.Have had yethasnt finished yethasnt cooked 4.She joined the music club last week.(改为现在完成时) She _ _ _the music club _two weeks.适当形式填空 5.He _(leave ) the country and gone to India.6.I have _(be )here for two months.7.Im waiting for my son . He _ _( not come )back from school.has been in forhas leftbeen hasnt come 语 法 加 油 站二、单项选择( ) 1. _ you ever _ with a group? Yes, I have. A. Did； study B. Are； studying C. Were； studying D. Have； studied( ) 2. How many times _ you _ to Beijing this year? A. have; been B. did; been C. have; gone D. did; goneDA 语 法 加 油 站 ( )3. Have you taken out the trash, Belly? _. Ill do it right away. A. Sorry, I have B. No, I didnt C. No, I dont D. Not yet( )4. Have you _ visited Shanghai? No, _. A. ever; not B. never; not C. ever; never D. never; everDC Thats all 。Thank you !请记住 爱讲语法的英语耿老师