芭蕾舞和现代舞英文版页PPT课件

Ballet and Modern DanceItalian BeginningsWGugliemo Ebreo(1420-84),teacher of dance to the nobility,wrote a study of dance that includes first examples of choreography.WDance moved from court feasts to ballrooms to the theatres.Intermezzos:dances performed between acts of classical drama or operasWBalletti:originally referred to dance in ballrooms,came to refer to dance in theatres.15th century:Italian BeginningsEvening Ball for the Wedding of the Duc de Joyeuse c.1581 16th century:Dance at the FrenchCourtLe Balet Comique De La Reine Performance commissioned by Catherine de Medici in 1581Performance commissioned by Catherine de Medici in 1581at the Valois Court of Henri IIIat the Valois Court of Henri IIILe Balet Comique De La ReineW1581:First ballet-Le Balet Comique de la Reine aka Circe composed by Balthazar BeaujoyeulxWCourt entertainment for wedding festivities at the French Valois CourtWThree geometrical dance entries carefully woven into the plot of the productionWFirst conscious effort to blend verse,music,dance,scenic elements and costume into a unified and coherent theatrical statement.16th century:Dance at theCourt of Queen Elizabeth IQueen Elizabeth I dancing with Robert Dudley,The Earl of LeicesterElizabethan Court DanceWA skilled musician and dancer,Elizabeth I encouraged dance among all her subjects and required it of her courtiers.WDances differed between the Upper and Lower classes.WMany Upper class dances were imported from Europe and required Dancing Masters to teach the steps.WElizabethan dancing:Wyoutube/watch?v=h-7IDEada8U from Elizabeth I and Elizabeth:The Golden AgeWyoutube/watch?v=neaJduRIuN0 Volta from The Virgin Queen(BBC)17th century:Ballet de Cours:Court Ballet at Versaillesat VersaillesLouis XIV performing in a balletBallet de Cours:Court Ballet at Versaillesat VersaillesWBallet as Western civilization knows it is an invention of artists associated with the French court of the Sun King,Louis XIVW The kings own dancing master and perhaps the first great French dancer,Pierre Beauchamps,was head of the Dance Academy.WCourt composer Jean-Baptiste Lully oversaw all productions.WThe ballet de cour dancers traced inventive patterns on the stage as one component of an elaborate stage presentation.WThe codification of technique helped to create the later dance vocabulary and the self-contained ballet.Romantic BalletWA trend toward a greater degree of self-expression began early in the 18th century.WMarie Camargo introduced new steps to the vocabulary and raised her skirt several inches to show off her technique.WEmphasis on en pointe dancing.W19th century ballerinas,Marie Taglioni,Carlotta Grisi,Fanny Cerrito,Lucile Grahn and Fanny Elssler symbolize the essence of Romantic ballet,a style that stresses above all else an ethereal and floating lightness.WTitle roles were created in such works as La Sylphide and Giselle that exploited their airiness and“other-worldliness”Romantic BalletPas de Quatre by Jules Perrot as danced at Her Majestys Theatre,London July 12th,1845 by the four eminent danseuses Carlotta Grisi,Marie Taglioni,Lucille Grahn and Fanny Cerritoin command performance for Queen Victoria.youtube/watch?v=O4k-sRqwk_8Ballet dAction:Story BalletBallet dAction:Story BalletWBallet tells a self-contained story.WFrench choreographers in the vanguard:WPierre Rameau codified the five absolute positions of the feet and encouraged a livelier,less earthbound style of dancingWJean-Georges Noverre,the father of the ballet daction,urged a full range of facial and bodily gestures be used to express emotion.WMilanese Carlo Blasis Code of Terpsichore,a manual of instruction became the standard ballet handbook throughout EuropeRussian BalletRussian BalletWMarius Petipa came from Italy to St.Petersburg in 1847.WAs ballet master of the Imperial Maryinsky(now the Kirov)Ballet,Petipa created the core of the Russian repertoire with such works as Don Quixote,Swan Lake,The Nutcracker,and Sleeping Beauty.WImportant composers such as Tschiakovsky collaborated with Petipa.WRigorous training for dancers from a young age ensured brilliant technique.Marius Petipa1819-1910Sleeping BeautyDiaghilevs Ballets RusseWPreeminent Ballet Company of first three decades of 20th C.WLed by Serge Diaghelev(1872-1927),the company toured Europe and the Americas.WChoreographers included Fokine,Massine,Nijinsky and Balanchine.WDancers included Pavlova,Nijinsky and Karasavina.WScenic designers included Leon Bakst and Pablo Picasso.WComposers included Stravinsky,Debussy,and SatieWWhen company disbanded after Diaghelevs death in 1929,many artists moved to America and England.Diaghilevs Ballets Russe Anna Pavlova Vaslav Nijinsky 1881-1931 1880-1950Le sacre du printemps:The Rite of Spring,1913youtube/watch?v=dBgasG_gm1Q&feature=relatedNew York City BalletWAfter the Ballets Russes disbanded,Balanchine was asked by Lincoln Kirstein to form a ballet company in America.WIn 1933 the School of American Ballet accepted its first students.WA succession of companies evolved to become the New York City Ballet in 1948.WBalanchine created a body of works unequaled in stylistic range and emotional variety-WBalanchine collaborated with Stravinsky and moved ballet to a purer,abstract expression WNYCB stars include Suzanne Farrell,Jacques dAmboise,Edward Villella,and Peter Martins.New York City Ballet and George Balanchine1904-1983youtube/watch?v=6FGRUjhVujgModern DanceIsadora Duncan1878-1927youtube/watch?v=mKtQWU2ifOs&NR=1Denishawn:Ted Shawn and Ruth St.Denis 1891-19721891-1972 1879-19681879-1968Denishawn:Ruth St.Denis and Ted ShawnWDenishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts,dance school and company founded in 1915 by Ruth St.Denis and her husband,Ted Shawn;WFostered such performers as Martha Graham,Doris Humphry,and Charles WeidmanWSt.Denis turned to Oriental dances for ideas about dance as spiritual art;later cofounded of Authentic School of Oriental Dancing,called Natya,in New York City WShawn pioneered the role of male dancer,training male dancers and creating dances based on Native American and Western folklore.Founder of Jacobs Pillow Festivalyoutube/watch?v=sc4CAfppb54Martha Graham1894-1991Martha GrahamW“Martha Graham was to modern dance what Pablo Picasso was to modern art.”WIn a career spanning 70 years,Martha Graham created 180 dance works using a variety of motifs including:WFusion of abstract gestures to psychological symbols(Primitive Mysteries)WAmerican mythic heritage(Appalachian Spring)WClassical tragedy(Medea,Clytemnestra)WTechnique includes:emphasis on the center of the body,not its extremities;angular stances;explosive,stylized gestures,spare and abstract stage settingsWTrained or influenced every important modern dancer-Jos Limn,Paul Taylor,Merce Cunningham,and Twyla Tharp-and made America the center of modern dance.Appalachian SpringMusic by Aaron CopelandChoreography by Martha Grahamyoutube/watch?v=6KIn6xHbSZg&feature=relatedKatherine Dunham 1909-2019Katherine DunhamWAnthropologist(PhD,U of Chicago),dancer,choreographer and educatorWEthnic dance research in the Caribbean led her to found in 1940 the first all-black concert dance troupe,Les Ballets Negre,to perform Tropics and le Jazz HotWChoreography combined black island dances with ballet and theatrical effects.W1945 the Dunham School of Dance was opened in New York City.WChoreographed opera(Aida,Treemonisha),Broadway(Cabin in the Sky),and film(Stormy Weather)W1965-67 Senegals Cultural MinisterWRan inner-city school in East St.Louis teaching performing arts to gang membersKatherine Dunhamyoutube/watch?v=W23MYjH92coStormy Weather FUSIONAmerican Ballet TheatreWThe Ballet Theatre presented its first performance on Jan.11,1940.WStruck a balance between tradition and experimentation.WLed for 40 years by Lucia Chase and Oliver Smith,ABT commissioned works by such leading choreographers as Anthony Tudor,Agnes DeMille and Jerome Robbins.WCelebrated performers have included Alicia Alonso,Rudolph Nureyev,Natalia Makarova,Antony Tudor,and Mikhail Baryshnikov,its artistic director from 1980 to 1989.American Ballet TheatreRodeoRodeoComposed by Composed by Aaron CoplandAaron CoplandChoreographed by Choreographed by Agnes de MilleAgnes de Milleyoutube/watch?v=X9uzwiKNhCk1:30Dance Theatre of HarlemDance Theatre of HarlemWArthur Mitchell,the first black dancer to perform with the New York City Ballet,founded the Dance Theatre of Harlem in 1971WBegan with 30 children in a church basement-two months later,400 children were attending classesWThe interracial company won a new audience for ballet and opened opportunities for young black dancersWRepertory expanded to encompass classical,modern,and ethnically oriented worksWDancing Through Barriers is designed to make children worldwide aware of dance.Alvin Ailey1931-1989Alvin AileyWBorn in Texas in 1931,Ailey spent his formative years going to Sunday School-see RevelationsWTrained with Lester Horton,Katherine Dunham and Martha Grahman,Stella Adler among othersW1958,Ailey founded his own company,the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater,company dedicated to enriching the American modern dance heritage and preserving black cultural expression.WFirst American dance company invited to the Soviet Union.W1969,Ailey founded the Alvin Ailey American Dance Center now training 3500 students a yearRevelationsyoutube/watch?v=l9uEq9Sjefg