汉译英catti3英译汉翻译实务真题和答案

天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关、“中国重晶石之乡"、“贵州高原黄金城"之称。"天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口 41万余人， 以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%,是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之O天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地， 享有“黔东粮仓的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担一担=50公斤，是中国烟叶 主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩一亩=1/15公顷，覆盖率 达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步开展，综合实力日益增 长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，根底设施建设得以加强， 城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合效劳优化，人居条件 优良，经济充满活力的新天柱呈现在世人面前。此次的汉译英语段命题与以往有些不同，以前都是时政语段或企业介绍，如今的 命题有所变化。该文是一篇说明文，介绍了贵州天柱县丰富的自然资源。但不管 怎么变化，万变不离其宗，我们在翻译课上所讲的内容完全可以应用到该语篇的 翻译中去。下面我们来看看此篇文章是怎样运用我们所学的知识和技巧的吧。文章的第一段正是我们在翻译课上反复强调的7大成分不做主句处理的一个典 型实例。我们着重讲授了如下7个成分一般情况下不在英语句子中充当主要句子 成分，而是处理为附带或次要成分，这样才能够将英语的语句处理得错落有致， 层次清疋。7大成分包括：历史，文化，人口，地理位置，创立时间，占地面积以及对主语 的根本界定。第一段中涉及“地理位置，“对主语的根本界定。按照我们所讲 的方法，把地理位置放在句首作为独立结构，然后出现主语，再连接对主语的根 本界定，即同位语短语，最后是主句。Located in eastern Guizhou Province, Tianzhu County, an important gateway toProvinces of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang from Sichuan Province,Chongqing and Guizhou Province, is known to the world as “the First Pass inEastern Guizhou* , “the Land of Barite in China* and “the Gold Town on the Guizhou Plateau.*文章的第二段出现了 7大成分中的“占地面积和“人口，因此，我们把该段的 语序适当调整一下，先译“占地面积，然后出现主语，后面紧跟同位语，即对 主语的根本界定，最后是主句。英'be raitplateau 英'pl氏to Covering a total area of 2,201 kilometers, Tianzhu County,one of the counties inGuizhou Province with the highest concentration 浓度 of ethnic minorities with a population of410,000, predominated by the Dong and the Miao ethnicities, makingup 9&3% of the local population, holds jurisdiction over 16 townships and 326 administrative villages.第三段有5句，安照我们课上所讲的方法，第一句和第二句合并可以处理成如下 versions， 表达动词谓语的变化或带有宗教色彩的动词，另外，我们所讲的“是字 的译法，“特点"的英译也能够充分表现出来。“蕴藏"一词可以译成 :boast, be blessed with/be favored with, be endowed with,“气候温和，土壤肥沃应该可以将其视为“特点，“是"一词可以译成 :serve as, function as, play the role of,Version 1.Featured by its moderate climate and . fertile soil, Tianzhu, boastingabundant natural resources, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as“Breadbasket in East Guizhou."Version 2.Tianzhu,blessed with abundant natural resources and. featured by itsmoderate climate and fertile soil,serves as a major base of grainproduction, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou."此外，如果将我们在?中国茶文化?语篇中讲的用词，也可以这样来译：Be home to sth.表示蕴藏，富有，是。的故土。Featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil,Tianzhu, home to abundant naturalresources, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in EastGuizhou."第三句翻译的要点在于“产"字，由于“烟叶"是一种农作物，因此，建议使用yield"做动词或名词来译该句。This locality is also a major tobacco producer in China with an annual yieldof 26,000 dans (1 dan =50 kilograms).第四句的要点是将森林面积作为附带成分，吏用介词短语来表达。还应注意英语 句子连词丰富的特点，在该句的开始应该与上一个句子有一个承上启下的连词， 表达其递进关系。Furthermore, it is favored with rich and vast forests with a total .forest area of 1.85million mus (1 mu=l/15 hectares), covering 56% of the area,as one of the top tenlargest bases of forest resources in Guizhou.第五句“十分丰富可由形容词短语作表语转换成动词短语。It also abounds in such mineral resources as barite, gold, coal, etc.最后一段汉语由三个句子组成，第一句可以运用我们课上所讲的 witness 这一句 型来译：China's “Going West" development program has witnessed the rapid rise ofTianzhu County.还可以译成：Greatly benefiting from China's “Going West" development program, TianzhuCounty has been rapidly developing.用“ greatly benefiting from."来表示“得益 于"。第二句首先要梳理句子结构，我们课上讲的4Cs的第一个C ,即connotation，把 该句的逻辑关系梳理清楚，“城镇面貌日新月异可以是对该句前边内容的一个 概括总结，采用“总分结构处理：Remarkable changes have taken place in the county： steady economic growth, ever-growing improvement of the people's living standards, increasing adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure as well as the infrastructure improvement. 第三句“的新天柱呈现在世人面前可以调整到句首，把前面的假设干成分做 该句宾语后的定语处理：Tianzhu is unfolding a new picture of its sound ecological environment, well-developed culture and education, improved comprehensive services, ideal living conditions and dynamic economic growth.相信，我们的同学会在此次考试中取得骄人的成绩，同时也提醒各位考生以此次 的汉译英语段命题作为今后汉译英语段翻译的一个风向标,对说明文的翻译加强 练习，以应对今后的三级，甚至二级笔译实务中的语句处理。2021年5月三笔汉译英真题及【独家译文】Section2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关、“中国重晶石之乡"、“贵州高原黄金城"之称。"Located in eastern Guizhou Province, Tianzhu County, (as) an important gateway toProvinces of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang from Sichuan Province, Chongqing and Guizhou Province, is known to the world as “the First Pass in Eastern Guizhou" , “the Land of Barite in China" and “the Gold Town on the Guizhou Plateau."天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口 41万余人， 以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%。是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之 。Covering a total area of 2,201 kilometers, Tianzhu County, one of the counties in Guizhou Province with the highest concentration of ethnic minorities with a population of 410,000, predominated by the Dong and the Miao ethnicities, making up 98.3% of the local population, has its jurisdiction over 16 townships and 326 administrative villages.天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地， 享有“黔东粮仓"的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担一担=50公斤，是中国烟叶 主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩一亩=1/15公顷，覆盖率 达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。Tianzhu, blessed with abundant natural resources and featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou." This locality is also a major tobacco leaf producer in China with an annual yield of 26,000 dans (1 dan =50 kilograms). Furthermore, it is favored with rich and vast forests with a total forest area of 1.85 million mus (1 mu=1/15 hectares), covering 56% of the area as one of the top ten largest bases of forest resources in Guizhou. It also abounds in such mineral resources as barite, gold, coal, etc.天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步开展，综合实力日益增 长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，根底设施建设得以加强， 城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合效劳优化，人居条件 优良，经济充满活力的新天柱呈现在世人面前。China's “Going West" development program has witnessedthe rapid rise ofTianzhu County. Remarkable changes have taken place in the county: steady economic growth, ever-growing improvement of the people's living standards, increasing adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure as well as the infrastructure improvement. Tianzhu is unfolding a new picture of its sound ecological environment, well-developed culture and education, improved comprehensive services, ideal living conditions and dynamic economic growth.CATTI英语笔译实务(3级)2021年5月考试真题Sectionl: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal =Jobs." 犹他州东部有一个矿产丰富的小镇，那里的人们祖祖辈辈都以采煤为生。一提起 在地下辛苦采煤时的情景，每个家庭总是倍感骄傲副词转换成动词。街道两旁 的煤炭供给公司一个挨着一个。在通往矿井的蜿蜒小路上方的广告牌上，一个满 脸炭灰的矿工凝视着远方，旁边的标语写着“煤炭=工作"。But recently, fear has settled in. The state's oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked不 译 among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.但是最近，小镇的人们心里充满了恐惧。联邦政府新公布了 一套更为严格的污染管理条例，这使得小镇附近峡谷之中的一家美国最古老的燃煤电厂濒临倒闭。As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the faci lity theiCarbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.由于能源公司纷纷弃用煤炭，专而使用更清洁、更廉价的天然气，小镇的人们越 来越害怕，也们的家园可能很快就会人去楼空。卡本电厂的几十名工人早就意识 到，也们要么提前退休，要么另谋职业。当地的货运和装配人员正准备开发外地 的业务。“There are a lot of people worried," said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.凯尔戴维斯从18岁起，一直在卡本电厂工作。他说：“很多人都在担忧。Mr. Davis, 56,worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.戴维斯先生今年56岁，从清洁工人一直做到电厂的经营主管。卡本电厂的高炉 从1954年开工,直燃烧至今。“I would have liked to be here for another five years," he said. “I'm too young to retire."他说：“如果可能，我还想再工作五年。毕竟我还很年轻，殳到退休年龄。"But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2021.公共事业公司落基山电力公司是卡本电厂的经营者，公司已经决定，要到达联邦政府最新规定的水银排放标准，就必须改造日老化的电厂，而改造费用实在是太贵了，并不可行。电厂方案在2021年4月关闭。“We had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,* said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.* 大卫艾斯凯尔森是电力公司的发言人。他说：“三年来，我们一直在不断地努力 改善，尝试各种合规策略。经过调查，这些策略都不能满足政府的要求。*For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.近年来，政府的环境保护条例愈加苛刻，人们用电的需求量逐渐下滑，加之公共 事业公司打算向天然气转型，美国境内已经有数家燃煤电厂被迫关闭。This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country's largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2021,more than150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.田纳西河流域管理局是美国最大的公共电力公司。本月，其董事会投票表决，关 闭位于阿拉巴马州和肯塔基州的八家燃煤电厂，局部电厂转成天然气电厂。2021 年起，150多家燃煤电厂有的已经关闭，有的即将关闭。The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.美国环保局估计,这些针对燃煤电厂制定的更为严格的排放管理条例将节省数十 亿美元的健康储蓄金，明显改善空气质量。In recent weeks, the agency held 11 “listening sessions* around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.二氧化碳排放的补充条款公布之前，美国环保局近几周来在全国范围内召开了 11场“听证会。“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the UnitedStates, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them," saidBruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club's Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation's coal plants.布鲁斯尼尔斯是塞拉俱乐部“超越煤炭"活动的负责人，该行动旨在关闭美国所 有的燃煤电厂。他说“燃煤电厂是美国危险性最大的碳污染源，我们已经采取其 他能源代替煤炭，比方风力发电和太阳能发电。"For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hardtimes, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007miningaccident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew themen, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.对于这里的许多人来说，采煤对他们再熟悉不过了。卡本的煤炭工业在困难时间 也能把人们团结起来，尤其是2007年矿难发生后的黑暗时期。那次矿难发生在 距离公路南35英里的矿区，矿难造成九人死亡，普里斯附近每一个人几乎都认 识遇难者，有六名遇难者至今还埋在山里。But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change 一 讦 not now, soon.尽管如此，人们心里还是默默地成认，卡本县必须改变，现在不变，不久也会变。David Palacios's father, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job.He was12, and earned $1 a day.大卫帕拉西奥斯的父亲名叫皮特，在矿区工作了 43年，见证了卡本煤炭工业的兴衰。皮特今年86岁，当回忆第一次采煤的情景，他双眼湿润了。那年他才12 岁，每天挣1美元。“I'm retired, so I'll be fine. But these young guys?" Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.“我退休了，日子会好过一些。可是这样年轻人呢"皮特帕拉西奥斯说，声音低 不可闻。Section2:Chinese-EnglishTranslation (50 points) 天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关、“中国重晶石之乡"、“贵州高原黄金城"之称。Located east of Guizhou, Tianzhu County is an important gateway from Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou to Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It has long been known as the “First Pass in East Guizhou" , the “home of Barite in China" and the “Gold City on the Guizhou Plateau".天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口 41万余人， 以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%。是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之OWith a total area of 2,201 square kilometers, Tianzhu County is composed of 16townships and 326 administrative villages. Ethnic minorities, predominantly Dong and Miao, constitute 98.3% of the local population of more than 410thousand. It is one of the counties with the highest concentration of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地， 享有“黔东粮仓"的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担一担=50公斤，是中国烟叶 主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩一亩=1/15公顷，覆盖率 达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。Tianzhu boasts abundant natural resources. Endowed with moderate climate and fertile soil, it is a major grain production base in Guizhou and is reputed as the “Breadbasket in EastGuizhou" . It is also a major tobacco leaf producer in China with an annual output of 26thousand dans (one dan=50 kilograms). Furthermore, the extensive forests in the county cover an area of 1.85 million mus (one mu=1/15 hectare), 56% of the county's total area. Besides being one of the ten largest county-level bases of forest resources in Guizhou, it also abounds in barite, gold, coal and other mineral resources.天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步开展，综合实力日益增 长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，艮底设施建设得以加强， 城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合效劳优化，人居条件 优良，经济充满活力的新天柱呈现在世人面前。Benefiting from the country's “go west" campaign, Tianzhu County has enteredinto a fast track of development. Many encouraging changes in comprehensive strengths have taken place in Tianzhu: steady economic growth, improvement of the people's livelihood, adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, as well as infrastructure improvement. And today Tianzhu is presenting a new image featuring a sound ecological environment, developed culture and education, improved comprehensive services and habitat conditions, as well as a more vibrant economy to the world.本译文来自网络