高考英语一轮专项复习 专题14 并列连词和状语从句精品课件.ppt

热点考向一 并列连词 1. 并列连词归纳,2. 使用时特别注意其连词特性 (1)and，not only.but(also)，neither，nor，neither.nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申，包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。 Think it over，and you'll find a way out. 仔细考虑，你将发现一条出路。,Not only is he himself interested in the subject，but also his students began to show interest in it. 不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始显示出兴趣。 Neither does he work hard，nor does his brother. 他和他兄弟工作都不努力。,(2)or，either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。 The children can go with us，or they can stay in.(选择) 孩子们可以跟我们一起去，也可以留下。 The workers were cheerful，or at least they appeared to be cheerful.(换个说法) 工人们非常高兴，或者说他们至少表现得很高兴。 Be careful，or you will break your neck.(否定条件) 小心点，否则你会折断脖子的。,We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们刚要出发，突然下起雨来。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正开着会突然有人闯入。,when还可表原因，意为“既然”。 How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？,2. 表示“一就”的连词、副词以及名词短语引导的时间状语从句 as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.。 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。,The moment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming. 我一听到那个声音，我就知道父亲来了。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。 The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。,no sooner.than.；hardly/scarcely.when.这一结构的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的句子的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子的谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来。,3. before的用法 (1)若表达“还未就；不到就；才；还没来得及”时，需用连词before。 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了4天4夜才看到陆地。 We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 Before I could get in a word，he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。,(2)before从句中谓语不用否定式。 Before they reached the station，the train had gone. 他们(还没)到火车站前，火车已开走了。 (3)It will be一段时间before.还要多久才 It will be half a year before I come back. 还得再过半年我才能回来。 It won't be long before we meet again. 过不了多长时间我们就会再见面了。,4. since的用法 (1)since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，相应的，主句中的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 I have written home four times since I came here. 自从我来到这儿，我已经给家里写过四封信了。 She has been working in this factory since she left school. 她离开学校以后就一直在这个工厂工作。,(2)在“It is一段时间since从句”句型中，其句意取决于从句的谓语动词是否可延续。 It is three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了。 It is three years since I smoked a cigar(since I stopped smoking a cigar) 我不吸烟有三年了。 如果译成“我吸烟有三年了”，应为：It is three years since I began to smoke.,5. every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time，all the time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。 Every/Each time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out. 每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。 Next time you come，do remember to bring your son here. 下次你来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。 The last time she saw James，he was lying in bed. 上次她看见詹姆斯的时候，他正躺在床上。,热点考向三 地点状语从句 1. 通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。 Make a mark where you have any questions. 在你有问题的地方作个标记。 You'd better not leave the medicine where kids can get at it. 你最好不要把药放在孩子够得着的地方。,2. 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where there's a will，there's a way. 有志者，事竟成。 Where(ver)there's plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。 3. where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别： where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。,热点考向四 条件状语从句 1. 在表示条件的状语从句中，既可以用陈述语气做“真实条件句”，也可以用虚拟语气做“非真实条件句”。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(if.not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。,If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你请求他，他会帮助你。 If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。(用虚拟语气表示非真实条件句的情况) I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the project ahead of time. 除非我能提前完成那个项目，否则我最近不会来看你了。,unless是比if.not略为正式的表达法，unless从句的谓语只能是肯定式。 Do not come unless I call you. Do not come if I do not call you. 不要来，除非我叫你。 Unless he's in uniform，he doesn't look like a policeman. 除非他穿制服，否则他看上去不像个警察。,2. 由on condition(that)；provided(that)；providing(that)(假若；倘使)；supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。 You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank. 只要不离河岸太远你可以下去游泳。 I'll go providing(provided)that my wages are paid. 如果发了工资我就去。 Supposing an earthquake happens，what should we do? 假设地震发生，我们该怎么办？,3. if only常表示愿望或未实现的条件，尤其用于感叹句。表示“但愿，要是就好了”。 If only he arrives in time! 但愿他及时到达！ If only I had met him earlier! 要是能尽早遇见他就好了！ If only it would stop raining! 但愿雨停了！,4. as long as(so long as)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时，意为“只要”。 You may use the book so long as you will return it on time. 只要你准时还，你就可以借这本书。,热点考向五 让步状语从句 1. although/though(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)引导的让步状语从句。 although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。 Although/Though he has a lot of money，yet/still he is unhappy. 他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。,Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football. 虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。 Even though/if it is raining，we'll go there.(陈述语气) 即使下雨，我们也要去那里。 Even if I were busy，I would go.(虚拟语气) 即使忙，我也得去。,注意：though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。 He said he would come；he didn't，though. 他说他会来，可是没有来。,2. as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况。 as或though从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装语序，从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Child as/though he is，he knows a lot. 尽管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。 Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it，for it's too expensive. 虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买，因为它太贵了。,though引导的从句也可以像as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，但是although引导的从句只能用正常语序。注意比较下面的说法： ()Smart though/as she is, she doesn't study hard. ()Though she is smart，she doesn't study hard. ()Although she is smart，she doesn't study hard. (×)Smart although she is, she doesn't study hard. (×)As she is smart, she doesn't study hard.,3. whether.or.(不管还是)；疑问词­ever与no matter疑问词(不管；无论)。 Whether you believe it or not，it is true. 不管你相信与否，那都是真的。 Whatever(No matter what)you say，he won't believe you. 无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。 Whoever you are(No matter who you are)，you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁，你都要遵守规则。,whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引导名词性从句。 You can take whatever(anything that) you like. 你可以拿你喜欢的任何东西。,4. when，while也可作从属连词，相当于although。 Suddenly，she stopped when she ought to have continued. 尽管她应该继续下去，她却突然停住了。 While I admit that there are problems，I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。,热点考向六 方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as，as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后，其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。 Do as you are told to，or you'll be fired. 告诉你怎么做就怎么做，否则你将被解雇。 The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. 这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。,A is to B what C is to D. A对B而言如同C对D一样。 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气之于人就如同水之于鱼一样重要。,用连词填空 1. There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails. 答案：while 解析：句意：没办法知道为什么有人能够有重大发现，而有的人同样聪明，却不能。本题考查连词。while然而，表对比。,2. It was a nice meal, _ a little expensive. 答案：though 解析：考查连词。句意：那顿饭真美味，尽管有点儿贵。though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，该句使用了省略形式，补全后为“though it was a little expensive”。注意：as也可以表示“尽管”，但as作“尽管”讲时，引导的从句必须使用倒装结构。,3. In the global economy，a new drug for cancer，_it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.(用疑问ever) 答案：wherever 解析：句意：在全球经济中，一种治疗癌症的新药，无论是在哪里被研制，都将会在全世界创造很多经济机会。本题考查状语从句。设空处在从句中作地点状语。,4. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _I wanted to hire a car. 答案：in case 解析：句意：休假时我随身带着我的驾驶证，以防我要租车。本题考查目的状语从句。根据句意应填in case 以防。 5. It's much easier to make friends_ you have similar interests. 答案：when 解析：句意：当你们有相似兴趣的时候，交朋友就容易多了。本题考查状语从句。根据句意应填when当时候。,6. I have heard a lot of good things about you_ I came back from abroad. 答案：since 解析：句意：自从我从国外回来以来，已听到不少关于你的好消息。考查状语从句。空格前的句子使用了现在完成时，空格后是过去时，符合since“自从(至今)”的用法。,7. One can always manage to do more things, no matter_full one's schedule is in life. 答案：how 解析：句意：一个人总能设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的时间安排得有多满。考查状语从句。no matter how引导让步状语从句。,8. I was glad to meet Jenny again, _I didn't want to spend all day with her. 答案：but 解析：句意：很高兴又见到Jenny了，但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。本题考查并列连词。根据句意，前后分句之间存在转折关系，故应使用转折连词but。,9. It's not easy to change habits, _with awareness and self­control, it is possible. 答案：but 解析：句意：改变习惯不容易，但是如果有改变的意识和自控力，(改变习惯)是有可能的。本题考查并列连词。上下文构成转折关系。,10. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason_ you reach any decision. 答案：before 解析：句意：在做任何决定之前，你必须学会征询自己的情感和理智。本题考查状语从句。根据动作发生的时间先后顺序，填before在之前。,11Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. 答案： where 解析：考查状语从句。句意：在毕业典礼上，一切东西都按照他所想的放置。主句everything was placed缺少地点状语，故选where。,12Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 答案：as 解析：考查状语从句。句意：晚上虽然很热，但因长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。as“虽然”，引导让步状语从句时，要将表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，构成倒装句。,13A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 答案：where 解析：考查引导状语从句的连接词。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。where引导地点状语从句。,14_ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(疑问词ever) 答案：However 解析：考查状语从句。空后面的hard是副词，所以选however，however在此引导让步状语从句。句意：不论你怎么努力，你如果不减少进食的量就很难减肥。,15One's life has value _ (只要) one brings value to the life of others. 答案：as/so long as 解析：考查连词。句意：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。as/so long as意为“只要”，符合句意。,16I don't believe we've met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. 答案：although/though 解析：考查连词的用法。句意：虽然我得说你的确看起来很面熟，但是我认为我们以前没有见过。结合前后两部分的内容可知后半句引导的是让步状语从句。,17You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you. 答案：or 解析：考查连词的用法。句意：你必须让一下路，否则卡车无法通过。此处or表示“否则，不然”。,18Mike was usually so careful, _ this time he made a small mistake. 答案： yet/but 解析：考查词语辨析。根据句意“Mike通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误”可知，此处yet是连词，相当于but。,