2019年高考英语一轮复习 语法对点讲练 非谓语动词 新人教版.doc

2019年高考英语一轮复习 语法对点讲练 非谓语动词 新人教版.语法知识1(xx·新课标卷)I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 train from Paddington.A. caught B. to have caughtC. to catch D. having caught答案与解析D现在分词短语在句中作原因状语，“较早到了办公室”为结果。故用D项。2(xx·山东卷)The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in one corner.A. standing B. to standC. stands D. stood答案与解析A句意：这个房间除了角落里有一个书架，总的来说是空的。句中stand为不及物动词，故用现在分词形式作定语，修饰a bookshelf。3(xx·浙江卷)_ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.A. Hearing B. HearC. Having heard D. To be hearing答案与解析A动名词短语“_ how others react to the book you have just read”作主语，故选A项。4(xx·江苏卷)Lionel Messi, _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.A. set B. settingC. to set D. having set答案与解析DLionel Messi和set是主谓关系，并且该动作早于主句的动作，故答案为D项。5(xx·湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light.A. bathed B. bathingC. to have bathed D. having bathed答案与解析B句意：太阳开始升起，整座大山沐浴在金黄色的阳光中。the sun和bathe是主动关系，故用v.­ing形式作状语。.单句语法填空6_ (measure) approximately eight by fourteen feet, this room can house 6 to 8 students.答案与解析Measuring句意：这间房子宽8英尺长14英尺，能容纳6至8人居住。measure“(测量后)有长/宽、高”，与句子主语this room之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，作状语，表示条件。7In this section, we will briefly describe possible ways of reducing the costs and risks _ (involve) in doing this.答案与解析involved句意：在这一章，我们将要简单描述在做这事上减少花费和风险的方法。costs and risks为名词短语，其后用非谓语动词作后置定语。costs and risks与involve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。8His car _ (repair) in the repair shop, he drove his brother's instead.答案与解析being repaired句意：他的车正在修理厂修理，他开着哥哥的车。当非谓语动词与主句的主语不一致时使用独立主格结构。9_ (offer) people food, housing and jobs is what a government should first consider after a natural disaster happens.答案与解析Offering句中动名词短语作主语，根据句意，动名词用主动式不用被动式。10It was a rare opportunity _ (see) how these monkeys live in South China.答案与解析to see句意：看到这些猴子是怎么在中国南方地区生活，真是一个难得的机会。题干中的it是形式主语，真正主语是to see how these monkeys live in South China。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I went to the seaside to spend my holiday last summer with my family. One day, I was swimming in the river _11_ someone shouted, “Look out. There is a shark not far away！” On hearing the shout, I was scared to _12_ (die) because I was well aware _13_ its dangerous characteristic. “Just don't worry, Tom！” my father said to me, “but in order to avoid being harmed, let's go back to our hotel.”We stayed in the seaside for about two weeks. Though the weather was _14_ hotter than that in my hometown, I got used to _15_ and _16_ at home. Every morning, I got up earlier than my parents and went for breakfast ahead of time. Then I went to have _17_ chat with my new friend, John, who I happened to e _18_ during my holiday. John was a native and he was familiar with the seaside well. He was a man with good _19_ (quality). Soon we became very good friends. After we parted, we have been keeping writing to each other. Now, I still often hear from him. We talked in our letter about things and persons _20_ we remembered in the seaside.答案11.when12.death13.of14.much15.it16.felt17.a18.across19.qualification20.that.完形填空(xx·安徽模拟)When you ask someone what is the opposite of love, most people will say hate.Both of these words suggest a deep _21_， so it makes sense that most people would believe this to be _22_. But the opposite of love is indifference (冷淡)Loving and hating both _23_ a lot of energy.The difference is that when you love someone, your heart is _24_ to loving more, and ignoring more of the flaws (缺点) of others.But when you hate someone, you will think _25_ of him.When you are _26_ a terrible experience, you may hate the person who does this terrible thing to you. _27_ the incident is over, a person is usually able to _28_ the feeling that has been leading to his thoughts and emotions.Most people can _29_ being hated by someone more easily than being _30_ by that person.If you want to get someone's _31_， try ignoring him.It often produces such anger and frustration that he will behave _32_ and unkindly.It is always amazing to see the _33_ of someone who has been ignoring the letters for a debt.He is usually _34_ when his account is turned over and he is taken to court for money owed.He is even angrier _35_ he discovers that his bill case has been reported.If you are in that _36_， I think it's better to let others know that you haven't forgotten what you _37_ but you are trying to get the money to pay it.I have had many occasions to _38_ that theory in action.I discovered that it takes a lot of energy to love or hate, but it takes almost no energy to be _39_. On the other hand, indifference can _40_ fierce emotions in others even though they are not offended.21A. emotion B. thought C. impression D. belief22A. false B. important C. true D. real23A. waste B. take C. receive D. cost24A. wele B. prior C. close D. open25A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something26A. taking down B. getting over C. going through D. living through27A. Before B. Once C. After D. Unless28A. spread B. hide C. share D. release29A. handle B. enjoy C. forbid D. stop30A. blocked B. loved C. ignored D. fooled31A. mind B. attention C. sight D. help32A. hatefully B. helpfully C. harmfully D. usefully33A. expression B. change C. behavior D. reaction34A. satisfied B. shocked C. interested D. excited 35.A. how B. that C. when D. what 36.A. situation B. state C. condition D. matter37A. gain B. doubt C. owe D. pay38A. observe B. explore C. check D. test 39.A. safe B. indifferent C. peaceful D. inactive40A. control B. overe C. reduce D. produce答案与解析21A根据love和hate表示的概念确定选择，表示爱和恨都是人类深层次的情感，故选emotion“情感”。thought“思想”； impression“印象”； belief“信仰”。22C很多人相信爱的反义词就是恨，他们觉得这是对的，选true。real强调人或事物真实的存在，不是想象或虚构的。23B爱和恨需要消耗许多精力， take“花费，耗掉”，符合文意。24D然而它们有区别：当爱一个人时，你的心就会更爱别人，更会包容别人的短处， be open to“向开放”。25B根据上下文可知，此空填nothing, think nothing of“认为一无是处”。26C如果你遇到一件很糟糕的事，你也许会恨那个对你做出此事的人。go through“经历”，符合上下文意。take down“记下”； get over“克服；恢复”； live through“度过”。27B一旦事情过去了，人们就会把这种糟糕的心情释放掉。once“一旦，一就”。28D release“释放”，符合文意。spread“传播”； hide“隐藏”； share“分享”。29A被别人怨恨容易处理，然而被人置之不理却很难处理了。handle“处理”，符合文意。30C由下文的try ignoring him可知，此空选ignore。31B如果想引起别人的注意，那就试着对别人置之不理。attention“注意力”，符合上下文意。32A根据下文的unkindly可知，此空选hatefully合适，该词意为“可恨地，可憎地”。33D下文提到的几个例子都是别人对催款信置之不理带来的不利结果的“反应”。reaction“反应”，符合上下文意思。expression“表情”； change“变化”； behavior“行为”。34B当发现账户被移交和自己被传到法庭时，他通常会感到非常意外，选shocked“吃惊的，震惊的”。35C当他发现被通知自己的财务状况时，甚至更生气。36A如果你身处那种情况，最好的办法就是告诉别人你没有忘记欠款，你正在尽力还钱。situation“情况；状态；形势”，符合上下文意思。37C根据上文的who has been ignoring the letters for a debt可知，此空选owe。38A根据下文的I discovered that it takes a lot of energy to love or hate可知，此空填observe。39B此处表示转折，表示冷漠却不需要消耗一点能量，选indifferent。40D尽管对别人冷淡没有冒犯他们，但却能在别人身上“产生”强烈的情感；且根据短文第四段尾句的提示，可知选produce。.阅读理解(xx·巢湖一中月考)Sports News of the WeekBolt gains 100m title again in MoscowLast updated: Monday, Aug­12­xx, 08：54USAIN BOLT of Jamaica won the men's 100 metres final during the IAAF World Athletics Championships in Moscow on Sunday.Usain Bolt was made to look human by a bination of a Russian rainstorm and a fired­up Justin Gatlin on Sunday but the Jamaican superstar was still good enough to regain his world 100 metres title in a surging 9.77 seconds. With former world and Olympic champion and twice­banned doper Gatlin leading at halfway, Bolt was forced to race a rival, rather than the clock.Jason Dufner wins PGA ChampionshipLast Updated: Monday, August 12, xx, 10：38Jason Dufner won his first major title at the 95th PGA Championship, the top US. golf petition, seizing an early lead on Sunday at Oak Hill, Texas and holding on for victory despite a bogey­bogey finish.The 36­year­old American, who squandered a four­shot lead with four holes to play in losing the 2011 PGA Championship, fired a final­round two­under par 68 to finish on 10­under par 270 for 72 holes.Isinbaeva leads harvest day for host Russia at Moscow worldsLast updated: Wednesday, August 14, xx, 10：35Russia's “pole vault queen” Elena Isinbaeva ignited the Luzhniki stadium as she claimed her third world title on the fourth day of the xx IAAF World Championships here on Tuesday, which saw host Russia harvested two gold and one silver medals in seven finals.Ireland's Heffernan wins world walk title at 35 Last Updated: Wednesday, August 14,xx,15：15Ireland's Robert Heffernan won the world championship 50km walk title on Wednesday as the 35­year­old finally tasted glory after 13 years of heartbreak and near­misses.Heffernan, fourth in the xx Olympic 50km and fourth in both walks at last year's European championships, broke clear of Mikhail Ryzhov after 35km to deny Russia a clean sweep of the walks after they took gold in both 20km events earlier in the week.41When did Bolt regain the men's 100 metres final?A. August 11. B. August 12.C. August 13. D. August 14.答案与解析A从第一条新闻更新时间， Monday, Aug­12­xx和in Moscow on Sunday推算， Sunday应为August 11, A项正确。42Where is the PGA held?A. Jamaica. B. Russia.C. America. D. Ireland.答案与解析C从第二条新闻中的the top US. golf petition, seizing an early lead on Sunday at Oak Hill, Texas可知，该项赛事是在美国举行。43_ won the world championship at last after trying hard for 13 years.A. Jason B. BoltC. Isinbaeva D. Heffernan答案与解析D从倒数第二段末句finally tasted glory after 13 years of heartbreak and near­misses可知， D项正确。