2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第一讲细节理解题强化训练.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第一讲细节理解题强化训练(xx·山西四校第三次联考)Selena Gomez and I are scheduled to meet at a lowkey coffee shop in Encino.Not wanting to keep the superstar waiting，I arrived at nine，20 minutes early.As I was catching up on emails，Selena quietly scooted into the seat next to me.No bodyguard.Not even a drop of makeup.She was ten minutes early and so inconspicuous that no one else in the restaurant looked up so much.Selena was wearing Bebe shorts.She had a baby face and ordered a hot chocolate.After making a small talk about what she wore for the shoot，she dived into the subject of her career.Selena declared xx the year of movies.She filmed three: Spring Breakers，a drama; The Getaway，an action flick; and Hotel Transylvania, a edy.Each is a marked move away from the teen style that made her a household name.Now that her Disney days are behind her，Selena is at that unstable point in a child stars career where she is trying to grow up both as a person(she turned 20 in July) and as an artist.“Being part of the Disney Channel was such a blessing，and Im super happy with what my show acplished，but acting is something I would like to take on more seriously.” She continued，“I dont necessarily feel acplished.I want to creat a whole different persona when it es to acting.”Selena has been working fulltime since she was seven years old and scored a role on Barney&Friends.In xx when she was offered the lead in Wizards of Waverly Place，Selena，her mother，and her stepfather uprooted from Grand Prairie，Texas，to LA.，where they are settling now.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了著名演员Selena Gomez的相关情况。1When was it that Selena arrived at the lowkey coffee shop?AAt ten.BAt ten to nine.CAt ten past nine. DAt thirty past nine.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“I arrived at nine，20 minutes early”和“She was ten minutes early”可知，Selena是9点10分到咖啡店的，即C项正确。2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the second paragraph?ASelena went into her film career as soon as they met in the coffee shop.BThree famous films filmed in xx have shown her teen style.CThe film Hotel Transylvania is an action flick filmed in xx.DEach of the three films marks Selenas move away from her teen style.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Each is a marked move away from the teen style that made her a household name.”可知，D项正确。3.How did Selena think of Disney days which were behind her?AShe thought of playing in Disney as a blessing.BShe didnt feel very satisfied with her shows in Disney.CShe found her not acplished in her performance in Disney.DShe believed her being part in Disney Channel was a blessing.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Being part of the Disney Channel was such a blessing”可知，Selena认为作为Disney Channel的一分子是件幸事，即D项正确。 4.The underlined word “uprooted” in the last paragraph probably means “_” Amoved BpickedCchanged Dinformed解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的“Selena，her mother，and her stepfather uprooted from Grand Prairie，Texas，to LA.，where they are settling now.”可知，Selena和她的母亲、继父从Grand Prairie搬家到L.A.，即A项正确。BLSE Summer School, located in the heart of London, is the largest university summer school in Europe.Our courses are suitable for those who are at, or are about to start university.Our school will begin accepting applications in March xx.CoursesAccounting，Finance，Law，Economics，Business and International Relations.DatesSession One: 6 26 July; Session Two: 27 July 14 August._RatesThe student rateThe standard rateOne Session1，7752，500Both Session 2，9754，250The student rate applies to all fulltime students who are studying at a university or college anywhere in the world.Acmodation is not included.In addition, a 50 application fee must be paid when submitting your application._Applicant_requirementsIf you have studied in the UK, you dont need any additional English qualifications.Students from other countries will generally not require a visa to study at our school.However, you will enter the UK as a “Student Visitor”Course changes are permitted before the start of the programme and within three days of the session._Contact_hours_and_teaching_methodsLSE Summer School courses are fulltime and normally consist of 48 hours over the threeweek period, taking the form of 36 hours of lectures and 12 hours of classes.Lectures, attended by all students, take place in either the morning or afternoon supplemented by small onehour classes of approximately 15 students. _Assessment_and_examinationsAssessment for LSE Summer School is based on the results of either two written examinations，or a final written examination and assessed work.Examinations are required and no exception can be made for any reason.Successful students are awarded a certificate and transcript.If you have any questions, please click here to see our frequently asked questions or contact us.【解题导语】本文对LSE暑期学校的课程、费用、申请要求等方面进行了介绍，以吸引更多的学生前来学习。5. You will probably find the passage_. Ain a magazine Bin a newspaper Cin a textbook Don a website解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段“If you have any questions，please click here to see our frequently asked questions or contact us.”可知，此文可以在网站上看到，即D项正确。6According to the text, Jack, a fulltime student in London, will at least pay _for his onesession programme in LSE Summer School.A1，775 B1，825C2，500 D2，550解析：选B。数字计算题。根据表格可知：一个学期的学费至少为1 775英镑，又根据下文的“In addition，a 50 application fee must be paid when submitting your application.”可知，杰克至少要花费1 825英镑，即B项正确。7. From the text we learn that_.Astudents may have lectures at night at timesBthe two programmes are only designed for foreign studentsCstudents who have passed the required examinations will get a certificateDa visa and fluent spoken English are required to study in LSE Summer School解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Assessment_and_examinations下的“Examinations are required and no exception can be made for any reason.Successful students are awarded a certificate and transcript.”可知，通过考试的学生可以拿到证书，即C项正确。8. For what purpose is the text written?A. Attracting students to attend the programmes in LSE Summer School.BIntroducing some famous teachers and courses in LSE Summer School.CGetting students to know more about the programmes in the UK.DOffering some cheaper courses for students from the UK.解析：选A。写作意图题。综合全文可知，本文旨在吸引学生参加LSE暑期学校的项目，即A项正确。C(xx·山西考前质量监测)India is a country with 1.2 billion people，of which 30% still live in poverty，and 56% of the workforce is engaged in agriculture even though it contributes only 18% of GDP.Reforming Indias economy will therefore require more than just the relaxation of business regulations; it will require a massive reallocation of labor and the retraining of farm workers for other professions through better education and vocational training.In addition，only 29% of women in India are in the workforce even though they make up 50% of the population，which represents the severe underuse of a valuable resource，and a barrier to progress.The government with Modi as the Premier will have to create a basic construction to correct the problem of these inefficiencies.It is also important to note that the reorganization of Indias labor force will take years，if not decades，to produce results for the economy.All this can push returns down for investors in the short and medium term.Another major challenge for Indias free market experiment will be the foundation of BJP (人民党)，which has its roots in religion.Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society，and the conservative social and political philosophies (思想体系) of Modis party could prevent that from happening. The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government.While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform，they are also the easiest to be exploited by some corporations and may require statesponsored welfare for existence.This creates an obvious contradiction for the government and a real free market in India.To lift the country economically，capitalist principles must be accepted pletely，but without state control，Indias poor and middle class may be left behind.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了印度的政治环境以及目前所面临的经济改革问题。9To change Indias economy more effectively，_Abusiness regulations should be restrictedBfarm workers deserve retraining and reallocatingCmore people should be engaged in agricultureDwomen make up 50% of the workforce解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“it will require a massive reallocation of labor and the retraining of farm workers”可知，需要重新分配劳动力和重新培训农民工，即B项正确。10Free market economics can function well with _Atraditional social structuresBa society full of libertyCconservative political philosophiesDthe basic policy of BJP解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Free market economics cant work properly without a truly free society”可知，自由市场经济能够正常运转需要一个真正自由的社会，即B项正确。11Under the control of the government，_ will benefit from the economic reform.Aboth merce and industryBboth state factories and local firmsCboth middle class people and poor peopleDboth urban and rural areas解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“While Indias poor people will certainly benefit from economic reform”和“but without state control，Indias poor and middle class may be left behind”可知，经济改革将使中产阶级的人和穷人都受益，即C项正确。12The tone of the author towards Indias economic reform is _Afavorable Bdisapproving Coptimistic Ddoubtful解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章的第三段和第四段的“The rural base of the BJP also creates another risk for the agenda of the government.”可知，印度的经济改革挑战巨大、困难重重，作者对其持怀疑态度，即D项正确。细节理解题(二)A(xx·郑州第二次质检)Griffith Observatory (天文台) is a national leader in public astronomy，and one of the most popular attractions in Los Angeles.It is located on the southern slope (山坡) of Mount Hollywood in Griffith Park at 1，134 feet above sea level. Visitors may drive to the observatory and park in its parking lot or on nearby roads.No reservation (预订) is required to visit.Parking is limited，and the busiest time is weekends.Buses，taxis，and car pools are wele.LADOT provides weekend public bus service from the Sunset/Vermont Metro Red Line Station.Griffith Observatory is open six days a week.Admission and parking are free.Hours of OperationTuesdayFriday12 noon10 pm.SaturdaySunday 10 am.10 pm.Monday ClosedThanksgiving Day and Christmas DayClosedSamuel Oschin Planetarium The Samuel Oschin Planetarium theater offers 8 to 10 live，halfhour presentations each day.There are usually four different shows from which to choose. Shows are presented every 60 to 90 minutes.Check the website，information desks，or the box office for each days show time.Being seated late is not permitted. Samuel Oschin Planetarium tickets must be purchased at the observatory and are only available on the day of the show.The ticket prices for shows are：Adults (1359 years old)$7.00Children (512 years old) $3.00Seniors (60 years old and older) $5.00Students $5.00Children under 5 years old will be admitted only to the first show each day.Hearing assist devices are available on request.Public TelescopesFree public telescopes are available each evening；the observatory is open and skies are clear.The Zeiss telescope on the roof is generally open by 7 pm.All observing must be pleted by 9：45 pm.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了美国的著名景点格里菲斯天文台的相关信息。1What can we learn about Griffith Observatory according to the passage?AIt is open all the year around.BIt is mostly visited at weekends.CIt bees famous because of Hollywood.DIt is the most attractive place in Los Angeles.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“and the busiest time is weekends”可知，周末是格里菲斯天文台最繁忙的时间，故选B项。2Which of the following best describes the Samuel Oschin Planetarium theater?AHearing assist devices are provided to seniors.BThe shows there generally last 60 to 90 minutes.CVisitors are required to be seated before the show starts.DThe tickets for the shows can be bought through the website.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Samuel Oschin Planetarium下的“Being seated late is not permitted.”可知，每场剧开场之前，要提前入场就座，迟到了就不能进剧场了。即C项正确。3To watch the show，a young couple with a 7yearold son should pay _A$13.00B$15.00C$17.00 D$20.00解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章所提供的票价“Adults(1359 years old)$7.00”“Children(512 years old)$3.00”可知，一对夫妇和一个7岁男孩共需要17美元，故选C项。4Which of the following is charged?AParking. BTelescopes.CHearing assist devices. DWatching presentations.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章中的“Admission and parking are free.”“Free public telescopes are available”和“Hearing assist devices are available on request.”可知，A、B、C项都是免费的，根据Samuel Oschin Planetarium下的“The ticket prices for shows are”可知，观看表演要收费，故选D项。B(xx·河南洛阳统一考试)It is 7 am and the alarm is going off.You know you have to be out of bed to catch the bus.But the urge to bury yourself in the bed is ever so strong.Sounds familiar? Why is it that teens find it difficult to get themselves out of bed in time every morning or stay sharp and focused during the first couple of hours of school? During adolescence，the body goes through many changes and these include a shift in sleep patterns.Researchers from MIT have been tracking the bodys need for sleep in teenagers.They found that though adolescents need as much as 9.5 hours of sleep a day，they get to bed later and later with each passing year.In fact，the sleep cycle shifts later by as much as 12 to 18 minutes each year between the ages of 10 and 20 ! So by the time a 10yearold who sleeps at 8 pm grows to be 17 or 18，his body naturally wants to stay up till 10：30 pm or 11 pm.According to researchers，this is because of a hormone called melatonin (褪黑激素) that is secreted (分泌) by the pineal glanda tiny structure deep inside the brain.Melatonin regulates the bodys natural daynight rhythms.It causes a person to bee sleepy by lowering his bodys core temperature.In teens，melatonin is secreted much later in the evening and continues to increase throughout the night.This makes it difficult for teens to fall asleep earlier as they did in their younger years.Likewise，the effect of melatonin continues until much later in the morning，making it hard for them to wake up early. A study found that at least one in four teens is tired and falls asleep in school at least once a week.During sleep，important body functions and brain activities happen.So how can teenagers get their sleep enough? The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) remends that middle and high schools should start laternot before 8：30 am.This should give teens some more time to sleep at night.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。早睡才能早起，晚睡会导致早上赖床，睡觉周期的改变实际上受制于大脑中一种被称为褪黑激素的荷尔蒙。5From Paragraph 2，we can learn that if you sleep late，the next day you should _Astay sharp Bskip breakfastCget up late Dstay up late解析：选C。细节理解题。文章第一段提到为什么孩子们早上不愿起床，第二段紧接着分析原因，说明孩子们睡觉晚是他们早上赖床的原因，即C项正确。6What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe students want to stay up.BThe shifts of the sleep cycle.CThe pineal gland secretes melatonin.DThe adolescents sleep late.解析：选B。代词指代题。第二段提到了睡觉周期的改变，第三段紧接着解释造成这一现象的原因，因此this指睡觉周期的改变，即B项正确。7The teens go to sleep later than before because _Amelatonin is secreted much laterBmelatonin regulates the sleep timeCthey sleep a lot in the daytimeDthey need to finish their homework解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“In teens，melatonin is secreted much later in the evening and continues to increase throughout the night.”可知，孩子们睡觉晚是由褪黑激素分泌晚造成的，即A项正确。8According to AAPs remendation，middle and high schools should _Alet teens sleep in the dayBlet the students be activeCdelay the start timeDstart later at 8 am解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的倒数第二句话可知，AAP建议初中和高中上午上课的时间应该推迟，即C项正确。C(xx·河北衡水中学二模)Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein.His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time，space，matter，energy，and gravity.Einsteins work led to such scientific advances as the control of atomic energy，even television as a practical application of Einsteins work.In 1902 Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern.In 1905，at 26，he published four of his five major research papers.The first one provided a theory explaining Brownian movement，the zigzag motion of microscopic particles in suspension(悬浮液)The second paper laid the foundation for the photon(光子)，theory of light.In it he proposed that light is posed of separate packets of energy，called photons.A third paper contained the “special theory of relativity” which showed that time and motion are relative to the observer，if the speed of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe.The fourth paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity.Here Einstein presented his famous formula，Emc2，known as the energy mass equivalence(等价)In 1916，Einstein published his general theory of relativity in which he proposed that gravity is not a force，but a curve(曲线) in the spacetime continuum(连续体)，created by the presence of mass.Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism，the rising of one nation above all others.He opposed war and violence and supported Zionism，the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.When the Nazis came to power in 1933，they criticized his ideas.He then moved to the United States.In 1939 Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom.Einstein wrote to President Franklin DRoosevelt warning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to Germany developing an atomic bomb.He suggested the United States begin its own atomic bomb research.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了思想家、物理学家爱因斯坦对人类的伟大贡献及其人生阅历。9Einstein left for the United States _Abecause of political reasonsBbecause he loved the United StatesCbecause of his sickness of GermanyDbecause he was employed by the United States解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“When the Nazis came to power in 1933，they criticized his ideas.He then moved to the United States.”可知，1933年纳粹党执政后，批判了他的理论，于是爱因斯坦便去了美国；由此可推知，爱因斯坦是迫于政治原因去美国的。故答案选A。10Television is mentioned in the text as _ AEinsteins discoveryBa great invention of EinsteinCthe purpose of Einsteins work Da successful use of Einsteins work解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Einsteins work led to such scientific advances.even television as a practical application of Einsteins work.”可知，爱因斯坦的工作成果推动了科学的发展，电视是对他的理论的实际应用。故答案选D。11According to the text，Einstein disagreed on _AnationalismBthe defeat of the NazisCatomic bomb research in the United StatesDthe establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism，the rising of one nation above all others.”可知，爱因斯坦反对民族霸权主义。故答案选A。12According to the text，Einstein is known as the following EXCEPT a _Aphysicist Bpolitician Cpeace lover Dthinker解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein.”可知，爱因斯坦是位伟大的思想家和物理学家；根据第二段中的“Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism.opposed war and violence”可知，爱因斯坦反对民族霸权主义，反对战争与暴力，由此可知，他是个爱好和平的人。文中没有提到他是一位政治家。故答案选B。