2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习 精品单元阶段测试卷（55） 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习 精品单元阶段测试卷（55） 新人教版.语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)(·河南第一学期期末)1climb A. b B. double C. club D. breathe2country A. doubt B. plough C. cousin D. ought3stomach A. sandwich B. Christmas C. church D. machine4purse A. surround B. surprise C. purpose D. hurry5achieve A. police B. friend C. coffee D. movie答案15 ACBCA.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)6It was in Beihai Park _ they made a date for the first time _ the old couple told us their love story.A. where; thatB. that; thatC. where; when D. that; when7After the flood, the villagers are trying their best to get things back to _.A. usual B. ordinaryC. normal D. mon8Look, the door is open. You must have forgotten to lock it when you left.Oh, _.A. so have I B. so did IC. so I did D. so it was9Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert?Yes. But I dont like _ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dont like.A. this B. thatC. those D. it10Yesterday I received some Christmas cards from my former students, _ made me very happy.A. that B. whoC. which D. what11Shall Harry e and play puter games?No, _ he has finished his homework.A. when B. ifC. unless D. once12Has Dr. Green left the hotel yet?Yes, he _ just about ten minutes ago.A. passed away B. pulled outC. checked out D. checked in13Who was the first man on the moon?I have no idea who _.A. the first man on the moon wasB. was the first man on the moonC. if the first man on the moon wasD. whether the first man on the moon was14Guess what? I drove my new car at a speed of 100 km this afternoon. It was fun.Were you crazy? You _ yourself!A. can kill B. might killC. would have killed D. could have killed15Your son bought a new MP4 last week._？ Thats his third one in just two months. Am I right?A. Had he B. Has heC. Did he D. Does he16The winner of the Grand Slams said that he had owed his success to many people, his parents _.A. after all B. by chanceC. on purpose D. in particular17According to a new survey, every year about _ dollars is spent to look after people with illness caused by smoking.A. 30 millions of B. 30 million ofC. 30 millions D. 30 million18I knew I shouldnt accept anything from such a person, but I found it difficult to turn down his _.A. plan B. offerC. suggestion D. request19What do you think of the work Tom has done recently?I feel _ that the work shouldnt have been done so carelessly.A. badly B. directlyC. strongly D. hardly20I advise you to take school more seriously, otherwise youll have to go out and work _.A. as a result B. now and thenC. in a word D. at that moment答案6A。强调句型中含有定语从句。make a date“约会”。7C。get sth. back to normal“使恢复正常”。8C。so I did表示说话人同意对方观点，意为“我的确如此”。9D。it形式宾语指代when从句。10C。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指主句的内容。11C。No, (Harry shant e and play puter games) unless.句子补充完整，不难选C。12C。check out“结账离开”。13A。宾语从句常用陈述语序。14D。could have done表示虚拟，也含有推测，表示“本能够做但实际并没做”。15C。考查省略。本句补充完整应为：Did he really bought a new MP4 last week？此处表示疑问。16D。考查介词短语。after all“毕竟，终究”；by chance“碰巧”；on purpose“故意地”；in particular“尤其地”。文中的他把成功归因于许多人，尤其是他的父母。故选D项。17D。考查数字表达法。表示泛指时用复数形式后加of；具体指时用单数形式，前有具体数字时，后不加of。这个句子是具体指的，所以选D。18B。turn down ones offer为“拒绝某人的帮助”。19C。feel strongly为“坚信”，固定搭配。20A。as a result，表“结果”。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(·天津)The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my son to school. He _21_ me with a puzzleall because he waved to me like someone does _22_ seeing a close friend. A big, _23_ smile acpanied his wave. For the next few days I tried to _24_ his face to see if I knew him. I didnt. Perhaps he had _25_ me for someone else. By the time I contented myself with the _26_ that he and I were strangers, we were greeting each other warmly every morning like old friends.Then one day the _27_ was solved. As I _28_ the school he was standing in the middle of the road _29_ his stop sign. I was in line behind for cars. _30_ the kids had reached the safety of the sidewalk, he lowered his sign and let the cars _31_. To the first he waved and _32_ in just the same way he had done to me over the last few days. The kids already had the window down and were happily waving their reply. The second car got the same _33_ from the crossing guard, and the driver, a stifflooking(表情刻板的) businessman, gave a brief, almost _34_ wave back. Each following car of kids on their way to school _35_ more heartily.Every morning I continued to watch the man with _36_. So far I havent seen anyone _37_ to wave back. I find it interesting that one person can make such a(n) _38_ to so many peoples lives by doing one simple thing like waving and smiling warmly. His _39_ armed the start of my day. With a friendly wave and smiling face he had changed the _40_ of the whole neighborhood.21A. hit B. disappointedC. presented D. bored22A. on B. fromC. during D. about23A. false B. shyC. apologetic D. bright24A. research B. studyC. recognize D. explore25A. praised B. blamedC. mistaken D. respected26A. conclusion B. descriptionC. evaluation D. introduction27A. argument B. disagreementC. mystery D. task28A. visited B. approachedC. passed D. left29A. drawing back B. putting onC. handing in D. holding out30A. Once B. BeforeC. Unless D. While31A. in B. throughC. out D. down32A. cried B. cheeredC. smiled D. gestured33A. idea B. replyC. notice D. greeting34A. awkward B. angryC. elegant D. patient35A. came B. respondedC. hurried D. appeared36A. surprise B. frustrationC. interest D. doubt37A. fail B. tryC. wish D. bother38A. offer B. sacrificeC. promise D. difference39A. effectiveness B. cheerfulnessC. carefulness D. seriousness40A. trends B. observationsC. regulations D. feelings答案我开车送孩子时，遇到一位交通协管员冲我招手、微笑，就像一位老朋友一样。我深感困惑。后来我终于明白：这位协管员对每位接送孩子的司机都是这样招手、微笑的。他的这个热情的动作对许多人的生活产生了很大的影响，带给整个街区的人们以美好的情感。21C。本句是指那位协管员像老朋友一样向我挥手，给我带来了困惑。present“呈现”。22A。这里on表示“就在之后，一就”。他就像遇到一位老朋友一样向我挥手。23D。他让我困惑，是因为他挥手的同时还在快乐地微笑着。此空格处应用一个褒义词。bright smile表示“愉快的微笑”。24B。study“注意看，打量，观察”。最后一段第一句有提示。25C。mistake.for“把误认为”。可能他把我误认为另外一个人了。26A。经过长时间的观察，我得出了一个结论：我和他是陌生人。27C。由下文可知，作者通过观察，弄清了这件“神秘的事，难以理解的事物”。上文的puzzle有提示。28B。由上下文可知，他是指挥校门口的交通，让学生安全过马路的，故这里表示当我接近学校时，用approach。29D。hold out“伸出”。他站在路中间伸出“停”的牌子。draw back“往回跑，退却，缩回”；put on“把放在上，穿上，增加(体重、肌肉、价钱、速度等)”；hand in“交上，递交，呈送”。30A。该协管员的任务就是让学生走到人行道的安全之处，故学生们“一旦”走到安全处，他就会让过往车辆通过。31B。let through“放行，让通过”。他放下安全牌，让车辆通过。32C。由本句中in just the same way以及上文可知，他冲着这位司机边招手边微笑。33D。第二辆车从该协管员处得到了同样的问候。从上文该协管员同我打招呼等可推知应用greeting，表示“问候，招呼”。第一段尾句“greeting each other”也有提示。34A。这位司机神情刻板，但在这位协管员的问候下，也受到感染，略略挥了挥手，方式应是有点笨拙的。awkward“(动作或表情)笨拙的，粗野的”。35B。随后每辆车子上去上学的孩子都要热诚地回应(该协管员的问候)，respond表示“回应”。36C。作者观察得如此仔细，一定是饶有兴趣地观察着这位协管员的。with interest表示“有兴趣地”。37A。由第二段中的每辆车上的人，甚至神情刻板的商人也挥手回应可推知，这里表示没有哪位司机不回以挥手的。fail to do“未能”。38D。make a difference to“对产生重大影响，很重要”。协管员原本很简单的一些动作改变了许多人的生活，段尾处的change也有提示。39B。他的快乐让人们一大早就有了一个好心情。cheerfulness“高兴，快乐”。40D。这位协管员的友好的挥手和笑脸使整个街区的人都改变了。feelings“感觉，情感”。.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)(·合肥高三教学质检)Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions usually cause the largest and most disastrous debris(岩屑，碎石) flows. A great many victims of the earthquake that struck Wenchuan of Sichuan Province last May were killed not by the quake itself but by the sudden large amounts of debris that followed.Most debris flows occur where the soil is posed mainly of sand or colluviums(崩积层). Loose soils made up of bits of sand or colluviums fall apart easily and are main material for fastmoving debris flows.Scientists have conducted endless experiments to find out how debris flows work. They have learned that the amount and the timing of water entering the soil are crucial(决定性的). Typically, that means debris flows often occur when a long rainy period of many weeks is followed by an intense, brief heavy rain.More often than not, however, debris flows are started by water, in the form of rain, snow, or river flow. In xx, heavy rains from Hurricane Mitch unleashed about one million tons of mudslides, burying thousands of people in Central America.Water flows through the soil until it hits a ham layer of bedrock or clay. There the water builds up, filling the tiny spaces between the soil and rock. That buildup reduces the natural friction(摩擦力) that keeps the rock and soil debris lying on the slope. If conditions are approaching dangerous levels, the slope will then fall down.Despite what scientists know about the fact, debris flows are still impossible to predict at present because there are many other uncertainties affecting the stability of each slope. However, one thing is known: On hillsides where one debris flow has occurred, another will eventually follow. The next debris flow could take days, weeks, or years to happen.41The passage is mainly about _.A. when and where debris flows occurB. the experiments that scientists conductC. the causes of debris flowsD. the possible ways to predict landslides42Debris flows usually take place _.A. during earthquakes and volcanic eruptionsB. after a heavy rain or an intense snowstormC. when there is a right amount of water entering the soilD. when a long rainy period is followed by a heavy rain43The underlined word “unleashed” in the 4th paragraph most probably means “_”A. released B. organizedC. provided D. invented44We can infer from the text that _.A. water can flow through a hard layer of bedrock or clayB. the friction can keep the rock and soil debris flowingC. debris flows can never be predicted by scientistsD. debris flows tend to happen on the same hillsides答案这篇文章讲述了地震与火山喷发会产生泥石流、泥石流的巨大破坏性、泥石流产生的原因以及泥石流的不可预测性。41C。主旨大意题。整篇文章主要讲述泥石流产生的原因。42D。细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句中的“Typically, that means debris flows often occur when a long rainy period of many weeks is followed by an intense, brief heavy rain.”可得出答案。43A。词义猜测题。根据常识，我们知道飓风具有极大的危害性，而文中又提到“大约100万吨泥流”，可以猜测Mitch飓风“释放”出大约100万吨泥流。44D。推断理解题。由文章最后一段中的“On hillsides where one debris flow has occurred, another will eventually follow.”可得出答案。B(xx·天津卷)We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively(被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday munication with friends and coworkers.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言)Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are pared. Typically, the original message has changed.Thats what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping(打上标记)it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.45According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _.A. doing a medical experimentB. solving a math problemC. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning46The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.A. active learning B. knowledgeC. munication D. passive learning47The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _.A. a message may be changed when being passed on B. a message should be delivered in different waysC. people may have problems with their sense of hearingD. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor48What can we infer from the passage?A. Active learning is less important.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. Active learning occurs more frequently.D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.答案本文是一篇议论文。我们可以通过直接的经验、测试去证明某个观点及推理获得直接知识，也可以通过别人告知获得间接知识。后一种知识是大量的，但也往往因多口相传，以讹传讹，造成与实际情况大相径庭。45C。细节判断题。由第一段可知C项为被动获取知识。46D。词义推断题。虽然我们对于被动学习是有条件的，但我们在日常与朋友和同事交流时依赖这种被动学习并不让人惊奇。47A。细节判断题。从文章第四段最后一句可知，在这个游戏中最初的信息已经改变，不是原来的内容了。48B。推理判断题。本文用大量篇幅论证了被动获取信息往往与最初的信息不同，从而失去其可靠性。C(·重庆)Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resourcehungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environmentfriendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You dont need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environmentfriendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, its free.49Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?A. Cycling around a lake.B. Motor racing in the desert.C. Playing basketball in a gym.D. Swimming in a sports center.50What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.51The author uses power walking as an example mainly because _.A. it is an outdoor sportB. it improves our healthC. it uses fewer resourcesD. it is remended by experts52The author writes the passage to _.A. show us the function of major sportsB. encourage us to go in for green sportsC. discuss the major influence of popular sportsD. introduce different types of environmentfriendly sports答案本文作者建议大家尽量少参加消耗能源太多的体育运动，如打高尔夫球等，而应该做一些节能环保型的运动。49A。推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文作者主张大家参加一些环保的、节约能源的运动，如power walking等。由此可推知A项正确，即作者很可能会赞同环湖骑车这项运动，因为它不需要任何能源。其他选项与原文内容不符。50D。细节理解题。文章第二段告诉我们，高尔夫球这项运动需要耗费大量的能源。尤其由该段的but also tons of water和huge amounts of energy可知D项正确。51C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，power walking这项运动即简单而又不需要消耗能源，并且还对身体很有益。52B。写作意图推断题。通读全文可知，B项正是作者写作本文的意图，即建议人们参加一些环保节能型的体育活动。D(·苏锡常镇四市教学调查)GPS or Global Positioning System is a technology for locating a person or an object in threedimensional space anywhere on the earth or in the surrounding orbit. GPS is a very important invention of our time on account of the many different possibilities it brings. The technology is still advancing and new applications are being developed to make full use of its potential.The GPS system works with the help of a satellite network. Each of these satellites broadcasts a specific signal quite like a normal radio signal. These signals that carry the location data are received by a lowcost aerial(天线) which are then decoded by the GPS software.The software is able to identify the satellite, its location in space and the time the signals take to travel from each satellite. The software then processes the information it receives from each satellite to calculate the position of the receiver. The overall process is quite like traditional navigation(导航) methods. If you can draw lines from three predefined places on the map to where you are, you can identify your position as the intersection of these lines, within a margin of error.The consumer range of GPS solutions starts with sophisticated car GPS systemsthey can have features like voice guiding, dynamic route calculation and inbuilt features to load and update a map from a CD.The handheld range includes GPS devices from panies such as Magellan and Garmin. These typically have maps stored inside and work well for outdoor use. However the handheld range does not usually have dynamic route calculation facility so the user has to find his/her route.Another application that was launched in the market recently has GPS working in a PDA (personal digital assistant). The PDA is designed to connect with a GPS receiver. This range is generally cheap, but the PDAbased application is not very strong. There are also variants that use wireless Bluetooth connections. These can work both for personal navigation as well as inside a vehicle.53The passage mainly tells readers _.A. how GPS works and what we can use it forB. how good GPS is and how we can use itC. how widely GPS has been used in our lifeD. how important and useful GPS is54We learn from the passage that we can use GPS _.A. anywhere on the earthB. on or near the earthC. only in the open spaceD. only in the outer space55Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage?A. GPS can help give guidance to car drivers.B. GPS locates position 100 percent accurate.C. GPS devices can be of very small size.D. GPS can function in a personal digital assistant.56Which of the following shows the correct position of the GPS receiver?答案本文主要介绍了GPS的一些情况。GPS又称全球定位系统，是一种给人或物体进行定位的技术。53A。主旨大意题。文章的第二、三段叙述了GPS的工作原理，第四、五、六段是关于GPS的运用。54B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知GPS能够对地球上或地球附近的轨道上的物体进行定位。55B。细节理解题。A、C、D三项分别在文章的第四、五、六段被提到。只有B项与原文不符。56B。细节理解题。本题是看图题，要求正确标出GPS接受装置的位置。根据文章第三段最后一句可以看出它的位置应该是“intersection of these lines”，不难看出只有B项正确。E(xx·福建卷)The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take.Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as a tuneup for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tuneup of your heating and cooling