英语阅读理解文章作者意图解题指导

阅读理解专题-推理判断题高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。题。考生应能：考生应能：、理解主旨要义；、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度；、理解作者的意图和态度；7 7、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换。纲、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换。主 旨 大 意 型主 旨 大 意 型事实细节型事实细节型 词词 义义 猜猜 测测 型型命命 题题 类类因此有关阅读理解题目主要因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种：有以下四种：推推 理理 判判 断断 型型 试试 卷卷(江苏江苏)推理推理判断判断主旨主旨归纳归纳细节细节理解理解词义词义猜测猜测 2008 4 2 8 1 2009 72 5 1 1.Question forms:It can be inferred from the text that .From the text we know that is most likely .When the writer talks about,what the writer really means is .The writer suggests that .The story implies that .We can infer from the passage that .2.解题技巧解题技巧（1）以事实为依据）以事实为依据 （2）挖掘深层含义）挖掘深层含义 （3）从整体角度）从整体角度 体验高考体验高考 江苏卷江苏卷B篇篇 I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot.Like most children,I expected the adult to do an the work.After mush wiggling and pushing,she managed to get first one into place and then,with a sigh,worked the second one on too.I announced，“Theyre on the wrong feet”With the grace that only experience can bring，she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on againThen I said，“These arent my bootsyou know”As she pulled the offending boots from my feet，she still managed to look both helpful and interestedOnce they were offI said，“They are my brothers bootsMy mother makes me wear them，and I hate them!”Somehow，from long years of practice，she managed to act as though I wasnt an annoying little girlShe pushed and shovedless gently this time，and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feetWith a great sigh of relief，seeing the end of her struggle with me，she asked，“Now，where are your gloves?I looked into her eyes and said“I didnt want to lose themso I put them into the toes of my boots”62 It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter，the teacher had to help her put on her boots Aonce Btwice Cthree times Dfour times Eddie McKay,a once-forgotten pilot,is a subject of great interest to a group of history students in Canada.It all started when Graham Broad,a professor at the University of Western But now,thanks to the efforts of Broad and his students,a marker in McKays memory was placed on the university grounds in November 2007.“I found my eyes filling with tears as I read the word deceased（阵亡）next to his name,”said Corey Everrett,a student who found a picture of Mckay in his uniform.“This was such a simple example of the fact that he had been a student just like us,but instead of finishing his time at Western,he chose to fight and die for his country.”59.We can learn from the last paragraph that McKay _.A.preferred fight to his studyB.went to war before graduationC.left a picture for Corey EverrettD.set an example for his fellow students1.Question forms:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧点拨技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、形容词、副词、表达转折含义的连词及所举的例子表达转折含义的连词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。体验高考体验高考 全国卷全国卷II D篇篇 Perhaps not,but the rise of the Internet which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world,has brought about a real sense of death.Some American newspapers have lost 42%of their market value in the past three years.56.How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers?A.satisfied B.hopeful C.worried D.surprised Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder,bribery(行贿)，and death.Frankly，Im sick of all the bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform常用表达常用表达“态度态度”的词的词objective 客观客观Neutral 中立中立positive/negative 积极积极/消极消极approval/disapproval 赞同赞同/反对反对Indifferent/cold 不关心不关心/冷漠冷漠ironic 讽刺讽刺critical 批评批评optimistic /pessimistic 乐观乐观/悲观悲观1.Question forms:(1)考查整篇文章的写作目的考查整篇文章的写作目的A.The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B.What is the purpose of writing this article?C.In writing the passage,the author intends to _.2.常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳 根据根据文体文体不同不同 写作目的不用写作目的不用 故事类故事类 to entertain readers ；to tell an interesting story广告类广告类 to sell a product or a service;to attract more visitors/readers/audience哲理哲理 议论文类议论文类 to persuade readers科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类 to inform readers 体验高考体验高考 重庆卷重庆卷B篇篇 Camp memories last forever!We make sure they are unforgettable!Shadow Ridge Summer Camps offer so many exciting things for campers to do.Unlike other camp programs Horses help us achieve many of our aims.Girls can learn to develop responsibility At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving,caring family atmosphere Our excellent activities create personalized memories Our camps are offered during June,July and August 2007,for small groups of girls aged 13-16 years,not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.We will send you full program descriptions at your request.59.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To attract people to the camps.B.To talk about camping experiences.C.To describe the programs of the camps.D.To explain the aims of the camps(2)考查某处细节的写作意图考查某处细节的写作意图A.The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C.are mentioned in the first paragraph to _.“Praising attributes(品质)or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality,and it devalues effort,so children are afraid to take on challenges,”says Dr Dweck,now at Stanford University,“They figure theyd better quit while theyre ahead.”The author quoted(引用)Dr.Dwecks words in the last paragraph in order to make the article _A.better-known B.better-organized C.more percussive D.more interesting1.1.推断隐含意义推断隐含意义,以事实为依据，挖掘深层含义。以事实为依据，挖掘深层含义。2.2.推断作者的写作意图和文章出处，应当关注推断作者的写作意图和文章出处，应当关注主题句主题句,同时把握文章的体裁。同时把握文章的体裁。3.3.推断作者的观点，应当全面理解文章的内容推断作者的观点，应当全面理解文章的内容及文章的中心思想，注重作者表达感情和观及文章的中心思想，注重作者表达感情和观点的形容词和问句，表转折的连词等。点的形容词和问句，表转折的连词等。总结总结