2015年中考英语：第33讲　宾语从句考点跟踪

第33讲宾语从句中考热身【名题实战】1It's so late.Why not write the report tomorrow?But I don't know _B_ I can do it if not now.(2014，安徽)Awhy Bwhen Chow Dwhere2Could you tell me _A_ he came here?He drove here himself.(2012，安徽)Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether3Could you tell me _B_？You can take No.16 bus.(2011，黄冈)Ahow can we get to the Olympic parkBhow we can get to the Olympic parkChow did we get to the Olympic parkDhow we got to the Olympic park4There are so many kinds of computers in the shop.I really don't know _B_ to choose.(2010，安徽)Awhat Bwhich Chow Dwhere【考点梳理】从以上考题能够看出，近五年来，安徽中考对宾语从句的考查频率较高，几乎每年必考一题，主要是考查宾语从句的连接词和语序。同时，考生在复习时也要注意宾语从句的时态。导向导航高频考向一宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that能够省略。如：We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。假如宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者能够通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。Sorry，I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。【例1】Could you say it again？I can't understand_you are talking about.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich解析：how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作talk about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应选what。答案：_C_【例2】 Could you tell me_he came here?He drove here himself.Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether解析：此题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的”可知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。答案：_A_高频考向二宾语从句的时态宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相对应的任何时态。如：He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相对应的过去的某一时态。如：She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。【例3】 The official said that they_a new law to protect the tourists the next year.Amakes Bwould makeCmade Dhave made解析：主句的谓语动词said是过去式，所以从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。答案：_B_【例4】 Can you tell me _he prize，Tom?Last year.Awhen you got Bwhen did you getCwhen will you get Dwhen you will get解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。答案：_A_高频考向三宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词主语谓语其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：What's wrong with？Which is the way to？What happened to you？What's the matter/trouble？Who studies the hardest in your class?do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相对应的变化。如：“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。假如是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相对应的变化。如：“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。【例5】 Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.Thanks.I wonder _Awho the letter was fromBwho was from the letterCwho was the letter fromDwho from the letter was解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”答案：_A_【例6】 Can you tell me _his morning?Sorry，I've no idea.Awhy didn't Daming come to schoolBwhy Daming didn't come to schoolCwhy doesn't Daming come to schoolDwhy Daming doesn't come to school解析：由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。答案：_B_高频考向四宾语从句的否认前移在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，假如主句为I或we时，从句中表示否认意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。【注意】假如主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。【例7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。_I_don't_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow._高频考向五宾语从句的转化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：I don't know what I should say.I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如：I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.I find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl.由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：We did what we could to help you.We did everything (that) we could to help you.Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.【例8】 将以下句子改为简单句。The teacher told the boy he shouldn't spend too much time playing games.解析：主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth.。答案：_The_teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games._语法演练一、单项选择。1Many foreigners feel uncomfortable _D_ they are asked about their private life.Awhat Bhow Cwhy Dwhen2This book is well worth reading because it tells us _D_ to learn a foreign language.Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dhow3Could you tell me _C_ yuanxiao in China?Usually at Lantern Festival.(2014，天津)Awhen do people eat Bhow do people eatCwhen people eat Dhow people eat4She got a nice skirt as a present on her birthday.Do you know _D_？(2014，呼和浩特)Awhat was it made of Bhow much did it costCwho buy it for her Dwhere she bought it5I can't decide _D_ on vacation.Any advice?What about Hainan？It's warm in winter.(2014，绍兴)Awhen I will go Bwhere will I goCwhen will I go Dwhere I will go6Alice，do you know _B_ tomorrow？(2014，威海)Awhat will we do Bwhen we will startCwhere they went Dhow will they go there7Jack，could you tell me _A_ for travelling this summer？(2014，连云港)We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.Awhere your family will goBhow will your family goChow your family will goDwhere will your family go8Mum，summer holiday is coming.I wonder _B_How about Qinling Wild Zoo？(2014，陕西)Awhere can we go Bwhere we can goChow we can go Dhow can we go9Could you tell me _D_？At 9：20 tomorrow morning.(2014，济宁)Awhat time you arrivedBwho you are coming withCwhen will you be hereDwhat time you are arriving10That's a nice toy.Could you tell me _B_？I made it with my uncle's help.(2014，台州)Ahow did you make itBhow you made itCwho did you make it forDwho you made it for11I want to send the photos onto my weibo.Can you show me _A_ to do it，Maria?Sure，no problem.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhere12Brother Bob asked me _C_ I heard a big noise from outside.Athey Bwhy Cwhether Dwho新课 标第 一 网