2023年4月大学英语B全国高校网络教育部分公共基础课统一考试

全国高校网络教育部分公共基础课统一考试用书大学英语（B）模拟试卷 Test 6第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分10分）此部分共有5个未完毕的对话，针对每个对话中未完毕的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出对的选项。 1I wonder if I could use your computer tonight.         Im not using it right nowASurego ahead                           BI dont knowCIt doesnt matter                         DWho cares? 2Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest post office?          Oh yes！Two blocks away from here at the Green AvenueYou cant miss it  AI beg your pardon?                    BWhat do you mean?     CYou  re welcome                  DMm，let me think3Wow! This is a marvelous room! Ive never known you re so artistic                   AGreatI am very artconscious    BDon t mention it    CThanks for your compliments       DIt s fine4Is it possible for you to work late tonight?                  AI like it                              BIll do that    CId love to                           DI think so5Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again!               This is not the end of the world    AGood luck                            BCheer up    CGo ahead                             DNo problem第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。请从每个问题后面的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出对的选项。Passage 1   Places to stay in Britain are as varied as the places you visitWhatever your budget is the choicefrom basic barn to small hotel，from tiny cottage to grand castleis all part of funHostels    Cheap，goodvalue hostels are aimed at all types of likeminded travelers，who prefer   value over luxury and you don t have to be young or single to use themBritain s independent hostels and backpackers hostels also offer a great welcomeFacilities and prices vary，especially in rural areas，where some hostels are a little more than a bunkhouse(临时住房)while others are remarkably comfortablealmost like bargain hotelsYouth Hotels    Founded many years ago to“help all，especially young people of limited means，to a greater knowledge，love and care of the countryside”，the Youth Hotels Association is still going strong in the 21st centuryThe network of 230 hotels is a perfect gateway for exploring Britains towns and countrysideB & BsThe B&B(bed and breakfast)is a great British institutionIn essence you get a room in somebodys house，and small B&Bs may only have one guest room，so youll really feel like part of the familyLarger B&Bs may have four or five rooms and more facilities，but just as warm as a welcome    In country areas your B&B might be in a village or an isolated farm surrounded by fieldsPrices reflect facilities：and usually run from around12 to20 per personCity B&Bs charge about25 to30 per person。although theyre often cheaper as you go further out to the suburbsPubs & Inns    As well as selling drinks and meals，Britains pubs and inns sometimes offer B&B，particularly in country areasStaying a night or two can be great fun and puts you at the heart of the local communityRates range from around15 to25 per personPubs are more likely to have single  rooms                                                             (332 words)6In this passage the author mainly            Atells us where to stay while visiting Britain    Badvises readers to pay a visit to Britain    Cintroduces the wonderful public services in BritainDgives us some information about British life7        are mainly built for young visitorsAPubs & Inns                           BYouth HotelsCHostels                              DB & Bs8If you travel alone and want to know better about family life in Britain。Youd better stay in       APubs & Inns                          BYouth Hotels CHostels                               DB & Bs9If you are interested in traveling with your friends but only with limited means，where is the better place for you to stay?          APubs &                               BYouth HotelsCHostels                              DB & Bs10Which of the following is NOT true according to the last part of the passage?APubs and inns usually provide visitors bed and breakfastBAll pubs and inns offer visitors bed and breakfastCPubs and inns charge a visitor25 at the mostDIf you want a single roomyou are more likely to get one in pubsPassage 2What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is“no”It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientistYou will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenterYou will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyoneThe scientists, however, goes one step further，he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other personsHe also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world worksThe scientists knowledge must be exactThere is no room for half right or right just half the timeHe must be as nearly right as the conditions permitWhat works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other timesIf the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditionsThis is one reason that investigations are important in scienceAlbert Einstein，who developed the theory of relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematicsThe accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations，Einsteins ideas were shown to be correctA scientist uses many tools for measurementsThen the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations                    (263 words) 11What makes a scientist according to the passage?         AThe tools he uses                             BThe way he uses his toolsCHis ways of learning                        DThe various tools he uses17“The scientist，however，goes one step further”The author says this to show       Athe importance of informationBthe importance of thinkingCthe difference between scientists and ordinary peopleDthe difference between carpenters and people with other jobs18A sound scientific theory should be one that         Aworks not only under one set of conditions at one time，but also under the same conditions at other timesBdoes not allow any changes even under different conditionsCcan be used for many purposesD1eave no room for improvement19The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate         Athat measurements are keys to success in scienceBthat accuracy of mathematicsCthat the investigations are important in scienceDthat the mathematical calculations may test his investigations20What is the main idea of the passage?          AThe theory of relativityBExactness is the core of scienceCScientists are different from ordinary peopleDExactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist第三部分：词汇与结构（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完毕的句子，针对每个句子中未完毕的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出对的选项。16Two days is not enough for him to finish the workHe needs          day    Aother                Bthe other       Cthe third            Da third17The red flower goes from one to           in the class    Athe other         Bothers          Canother             Dother18The computer system         suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet        Abroke down       Bbroke out       Cbroke up            Dbroke in19Theres lots of fruit           the treeOur little cat is also in the tree    Ain               Bat             Cunder               Don20How can he         if he is not        ?    A1isten; hearing                         Bhear; listeningCbe listening; heard                      Dbe hearing; listened to第四部分：完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）以下短文中共包含10个未完毕的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出对的选项。Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer：NoIn fact，in the world about one in three people do not have good sleep. (21) _ you say you do not have good sleep，it means waking early and not getting back to sleep，often interrupted short period of sleep，or hours of wakefulnessYou (22) _ get tired，worried，and anxiousYour memory and ability to remember things will be (23)_. Then what should you do when you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too muchFirst，lets see whether you can sleep yourselfThe ways are as follows： First, (24) _ that your bedroom isnt too cold or too hotKeep it dark and quiet Second，check your lifestyle： Do not drink tea，coffee，cola or chocolate four hours before (25) _Drink less liquid so that you can have no or fewer visits to the toiletSet your body clock well by getting up and going to bed at the fixed time every day. You (26) _ take any daytime naps Develop a relaxing bedtime habitRead or (27) _ music，then take a warm bathIf you really can not sleep，try some bread，rice (28) _ milkThey will help you fall asleepGo for a daily walkNatural light helps you to put your body clock into correct habit, (29) _ do exercise outdoors if you can  Forget the worries of the dayWrite down any worries，thoughts or questions before you go to bedWith these written down，you will have (30) _ to think about and your sleep will become easier21AWhen             BIn case              CIf             DAs22Amight              Bmay                 Cmust            Dshould23Aaffected              Bdamaged            Cdestroyed       Dendangered24Adetermined           Bmake sure           Cwatch out       D100k into25Asleeping              Bgoing to sleep        Cgoing to bed    Dfalling asleep26Awont              Bwouldnt better       Chad better       Dhad better not27A1isten to             B1isten              Chear            Dsee28Aand                 Bor                  Cwith            Don29Aneither                     Bbut              Cso               Dhowever30Aharder               Bfewer            Cmore            D1ess 第五部分：英译汉（满分15分）请把下列3句英文翻译成中文。31In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one321 was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang33All that glitters is not gold第六部分：写作（满分15分）规定在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写一篇不少于80字的短文。My Opinion on Cell Phones 1使用手机的好处。2使用手机的弊端。3我的见解。   大学英语（B）模拟试卷答案与讲解（2023年修订版）Test 6 第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）         15 ADCDB      1【答案】A。【解析】说话人是在征求对方的许可，所以对答者应先表白自己的态度，再做出回答。sure，go ahead表达“行，拿去用吧”，对答者既表了态又允许对方做某事，所以A选项对的。it doesnt matter“无所谓”，在口语中说话人对对方的所作所为表达不气不怒。who cares“谁关心呢”，在口语中因某事不是十分重要，答话人对此事不急不忧。    2【答案】D。【解析】根据后面的句子Oh yes!可知D选项“让我想一想”是对的的。    3【答案】C。【解析】在西方文化中，当你得到别人的赞美时，礼貌的回答应当是致谢。thanks for your compliments“承蒙夸奖”，所以C选项对的。    4【答案】D。【解析】说话人是在询问对方“今晚是否可以加班”，所以对答者应表白自己的态度并做出回答。I think so表达“我认为行”，在此So替代了宾语从句that it is possible for me to work late tonight，所以D选项对的。而“Would you likelove to do sth?”句型的肯定回答是Id love to。    5【答案】B。【解析】说话人是在很气愤地说“难以置信!我的驾照考试又没通过”，对答者应安慰对方。Cheer up表达“振作点”，此外第二句话This is not the end of the world“这不是世界末日。”再一次表白对答者是在安慰对方，所以B选项对的。第二部分：阅读理解(共10小题；每小题3分。满分30分)610 ABDCB    1115 BCACD 6【答案】A。【解析】主旨题。根据第一段第一句。7【答案】B。【解析】细节题。根据Youth Hotels部分的第一句。8【答案】D。【解析】细节题。根据B&Bs部分的第一段，“住在B&Bs就有家的感觉。”9【答案】C。【解析】细节题。根据hostels部分第一段前两句，即“便宜、超值的青年旅社定位在形形色色的趣味相投的重精神超过物质的这类游客群体，并且旅社没有规定游客必须是年轻人或者是单身汉。”10【答案】B。【解析】推断题。在pubs and inns部分的第一句，只提到sometimes，而不是all。11【答案】B。【解析】主旨题。根据第一段第四句的强调句，即“能成为科学家的不是在于他用什么工具，而是在于他是如何使用工具的。”12【答案】C。【解析】推断题。根据第一段第七句，转折句，起比较作用。13【答案】A。【解析】细节题。根据第二段第三句，即“科学家必须在条件允许的情况下尽也许对的。”14【答案】C。【解析】细节题。根据第二段，作者举爱因斯坦用数学推导出相对论的实例是对上句论点的阐述。15【答案】D。【解析】主旨题。根据第一段与第二段的第一句。第三部分：词汇与结构（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）1620 DCADB16【答案】D。【解析】前一句说“两天时间他完毕不了这项工作”，因此“还需要一天(a third day)”。假如用the third day则表达“第三天”。17【答案】C。【解析】按照句意传花不是两者之间(from one to the other)，而是三者以上(from one to another)，故选C。18【答案】A。【解析】此句可译成：他在网上找信息时，他的计算机系统坏了。break down“坏了”；break out“爆发”；break up“打坏”；break in“闯入”。19【答案】D。【解析】树叶、果实等属于树木自身所固有的东西“在树上”要用on the tree，否则就要用介词in。20【答案】B。【解析】hear“听见”，强调结果；listen“听”，强调动作。本句译为“假如他不在倾听，他怎能听得进去呢?”第四部分：完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）2125   CBABC    2630  DABCD 21【答案】C。【解析】考察条件状语从句。句意是“假如你说没有休息好，这意味着早醒后无法再入睡，睡觉的时间断断续续，或一连数小时无法入睡。你也许总是感到疲劳、焦急或易怒；你的记忆力和集中注意力都也许受到不良影响。”。根据上下文，只能用if连词引导条件状语从句才符合句意。22【答案】B。【解析】考察情态动词的用法。may和might可以表达也许性和许可，但是might的语气比may较婉转；may在此更符合句意。must表达必须，否认回答时用neednt。mustnt表达不许可。should表达义务，责任，常译为“应当”，“应当”，或表达一种估计的情况，译成“按理应当”，“估计”。23【答案】A。【解析】词义辨析题。affect(vt)指“产生的影响之大足以引起反映”，着重“影响”的动作，有时具有“对产生不利影响”的意思；damage“损害，毁坏”；destroy“毁坏，破坏；杀死，消灭；打破(希望、计划)，使失败”；endanger“危及；使遭到危险”。24【答案】B。【解析】考察祈使句与词组辨析能力。make sure“设法保证，拟定”；watch out“小心”；look into“在里查资料；进一步地检查，研究；调查”。25【答案】C。【解析】考察词组辨析能力。go to bed“上床睡觉”；go to sleep与fall asleep“入睡”。26【答案】D。【解析】考察固定词组辨析能力。had better(常简略为d better)是一固定词组，意为“最佳”，用于表达对别人的劝告、建议或表达一种愿望。其用法有以下几点： had better后跟动词原形(即不带to的不定式)，构成had better do sth句型。 主语不管是第几人称，句子不管是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。 常用的否认形式是将否认副词not直接放在had better的后面。如：You had better not miss the last bus你最佳不要错过末班公共汽车。would better后跟动词原形(即不带to的不定式)，构成would better do sth句型，“最佳”，后者更委婉。27【答案】A。【解析】考察固定词组搭配用法。listen to music“听音乐”。28【答案】B。【解析】考察多个选项并列的用法。“假如你的确不能入睡，吃点面包、米饭或喝点牛奶”。在两个选项并列时用and连接；在三个选项并列时，前两者之间用逗号连接，后两者之间用and连接。29【答案】C。【解析】考察句与句之间的逻辑关系。“天天散步。自然光有助于调节你的生物钟，所以假如也许的话，到户外去运动”。只有连词so“因此，所以”才符合句意。30【答案】D。【解析】考察副词与动词搭配的用法。“上床之前，把烦恼事、思绪或问题写下来。把这些写下来之后，你可以少想事了。这样你入睡就更容易了”。Fewer“较少的”用作限定词，修饰名词；less(1ittle的比较级)“较小地，较少地”用作副词，修饰动词think。第五部分：英译汉（满分15分）31像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到。32我在睡觉时，电话铃忽然响了。33闪光的东西，未必都是金子。第六部分：写作（满分15分）参考范文My Opinion on Cell Phones Cell phones do play an important role in peoples daily life, but every coin has its two sides.  To start with，as a wireless mobile phone，its convenient for the user at any time to contact others. Secondly, its a helpful companion. With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs.However, the cell phone has many disadvantages. For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to mention its global service; for another, the radiation from the mobile phones might do harm to the users healthIn my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply, its development will have a brighter future. Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages.