高一英语必修一第四单元

Unit 4 EarthquakesPart 1 vocabularyPeriod1&2 Teaching aims: 1,Help students learn and master the important words and phrases 2, Learn the bold words by heart and learn to use them freely.Teaching important pointsHow to make students learn and use the words and phrases correctlyTeaching difficult pointsHow to improve students ability of using what they have learntTeaching procedureStep 1 Revision1,Ask students to listen to the tape to go over the words and phrases2,Ask students to read the text quickly and find out the important language pointsStep 2 Dealing with language points1)词汇（Vocabulary）：shake, rise, crack, burst, well, smelly, pond, steam, destroy, ruin, injure, survivor, brick, useless, shock, quake, rescue, electricity,disaster, organize, bury, coal, mine, shelter, fresh, percent, honor, prepare.2)短语(Phrases and expressions)：right away, at an end, lie in ruins, be trapped under sth, to the north of sp, put up, give out, wake sb up, prepare sth for sth., think little of sth.3)语法(Grammar)：定语从句（The Attributive Clause）.能用英语描述任务的特征、行为等- 由who/ whom/ whose/ that引导；能用英语描述事物、事件的性质、内容等- 由which/ that/ whose引导。重点句子：1. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. P262. The number of the people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. P263. It seemed as if the world was at an end. P264It was a city whose hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. P265. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. P266. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. P267. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. P26 8. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. P659. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the citys best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. P6510. A list of buildings not destroyed was now only a few addresses. P6511. Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. P6512. Never in all San Franciscos history were her people so kind as on that terrible night. P65一，典型句式：1.It seems (to sb.) that/as if.似乎、好像 There seems to be.好像有 seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是 seem to do/be doing sth./to have done sth.好像要做/正在做/已经做了某事2.倍数表达法 A is.times as +形容词原级 + as + B， A is.times + 形容词比较级+ than+ B， A is.times + the + n+ of+ B 如：A是B的两倍大: A is twice as big as B. A is twice bigger than B. A is twice the size of B3. all/every/each/both+not 为部分否定=Not all/every/each/both All the people are not from America.=Not all the people are from America.4. 10.关于too.to.句式的用法：too.to.太而不能 以下tooto do 不定式为肯定意义（2）not/never too.to.意为“并不太所以能”。It is never too late to mend. (3） only/but/ all too.to.相当于very,后面的不 定式也表示肯定。(4)当too.to.用来修 anxious, eager,happy 表示态度，情绪的形容词 不定式为肯定意义。He was too eager to know the result of his test.二，重点单词和短语1. burst out + doing sth.=burst into +n.突然起来burst out crying/burst into tears burst in/into 闯进，突然破门而入2. event : 重大事件，比赛项目 accident； 意外事故 affair: 其复数往往指事务 international affairs, 风流韵事:have an affair with sb. incident；政治性的事件，如：事变；另，也指小事matter: 待解决问题， a matter of 一个的问题3. ruin: 毁掉美好的事物：健康/名誉/假期等be in ruins 成为废墟 destroy: 彻底地毁坏，不可恢复 damage； 功能部分受损，可恢复4. injure 意外伤害，身体部位受伤 hurt 指精神上受伤或身体某部位感到疼痛 wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤 harm 损害，损伤 do harm to5. Track n.1)轨道，如： track events:竞赛 2)足迹，痕迹 V.追踪 如;track the terrorists6.trap. n.陷阱 v.使陷入困境 be trapped/caught in 被困在当中7.at an end：结束，终结 。come to an end vi.结束bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止 on end连续,竖直end up with以结束; end up doing /in sth.: 结果为如：We were going to go out, but ended up watching TV.by now /so far/up to now（用现在完成时连用）by + 过去时间（用过去完成时连用）by + 将来时间（用将来完成时）8. shelter. n. 掩蔽，避身处 v. 庇护，保护 shelter sb. from sth.保护某人免受8.judgejudging by/from从上看；根据判断Dont judge a book by its cover.勿以貌取人9.表示“许多，若干”的短语：1）后跟可数名词复数，用复数谓语动词a large/great/good number of a great/good manya good few/quite a few2）后跟不可数名词，用单数谓语动词a great/good deal ofa great/large amount of (large amounts of 作主语，谓语动词用复数)3）many a+ 单数名词.+单数谓语动词4)可数不可数均可.Some/a lot of/lots of, a great/large quantity of，large quantities of , plenty of另外large quantities of 无论接可数还是不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。Step 3listening and reading aloudAsk students to listen to the tape .While listening ,they can follow in a low voice.After that,teacher gives students several minutes to read it aloud.Step 4 Summary Ask students to retell the text in their own words .Step 5 HomeworkAfter class ,ask students to finish the related exercises in their reference books名师一号 Blackboard designReflection：Part 2 GrammarPeriod3&4Teaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言Words and expressions that appear in this unit2. Ability goals 能力目标a. Enable the students to master the structure of the Attributive Clause, and can speak out these sentences loudly, clearly and correctly.b. Enable the students to master the usage of who, which, that and whose in the Attributive Clause.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标By practicing the usage of the words and structures, the students can master the Attributive clause.Teaching important points 教学重点The Attributive Clause: the structure and the usage of who, whose, that, and which.Teaching difficult points 教学难点The usage of the words that, which, who and whoseTeaching methods 教学方法Student-centered methodTeaching aids 教具准备a slide projector Teaching procedures ways 教学过程及方式Step Discovering useful structuresThere are two kinds of this clause. One is the Restrictive Attributive Clause, which modifies the noun; the other is the Non- Restrictive Attributive Clause, which gives extra information, and is written with commas.1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometer away.3. A huge crack that was eight kilometer long and thirty meter wide cut across houses, roads and canals.4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Relative pronouns: who, whose, that and which.I定语从句 1. 限定性定语从句（Restrictive Attributive Clauses）大多数定语从句对所修饰词的意思加以限制，表示“的人（或东西）”，称为限定性定语从句。如：The man who robbed him has been arrested.抢劫他的人被逮捕了。The girl whom I saw told me to come back today.我见到的那个姑娘叫我今天再来。Thats the best hotel ( that ) I know.这是我所知道的最好的旅馆。These are the books (which) you ordered. 这些是你订购的书。这类从句多由关系代词（a）或关系副词（b）引导。 a. Everyone who (that) knew him liked him. 认识他的人都喜欢他。 The friend with whom I was traveling spoke French. 和我一道旅行的那位朋友能讲法语。 The car which (that) I hired broke down. 我租的汽车坏了。 b. At the time when I saw him, he was quite strong. 以前我看到他的时候，他身体壮实。.This is the village where I was born.这是我出生的村子。These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。 在限定性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中做宾语时，在绝大多数情况下都可以省略，特别是在口语中，在被修饰的词为all, everything 等词时尤其如此。Have you got the postcard (which) I sent you? 我寄 给你的明信片收到了吗？These are the things (that) you need. 这些就是你要的东西。Anything I can do for you? 我能帮你做什么吗？All you have to do is to fill out this form. 你只需要填这张表就行了。Thats the only thing we can do now. 这是我们现在唯一能做的事。You can take any room you like. 你随便哪间房都行。2. 非限定性定语从句 （Non- Restrictive Attributive Clauses）对所修饰的词没有限定词义的作用，而只是补充一些说明，通常都有一个逗号把它和句子的其它部分分开，在译成中文时， 这个从句多译成一个并列句。限定性定语从句去掉以后，句子意思常发生变化，甚至不能成立，而非限定性定语从句拿掉以后对剩下部分没有太大的影响。如：Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town.彼得开了一天的车，提议在下一座城市停下来。This house, for which he paid $ 150,000, is now worth $ 300,000. 这所房子他买时花了十五万美元，现在值三十万美元了。They went to the Royal Theatre, where they saw Ibsens Peer Gent. 他们去了皇家剧院，在那里他们看了易卜生的彼尔英特Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work. 星期天是假日，这一天人们不上班。应注意的是，在这类从句中不能使用关系代词that 和关系副词why, 也不能省略任何关系副词，这类从句主要出现在书面语中。在书面语中whose有时指某样东西。如：His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight.他的房子，窗户都破了，让人看了感到沮丧。The car, whose handbrake wasnt very reliable, began to slide backward.这辆轿车刹车不太牢靠，开始向后滑动。It was an island, whose name I have forgotten.它是一座岛屿，名字我忘了。 Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with who, whose, which and that.1. The girls（ ）served in the shop were the owners daughters.2. The man （ ）I saw told me to come back today.3. The girl （ ）spoke is my best friend.4. The man with （ ）I was traveling didnt speak English.5. The man （ ）I saw told me to wait.6. The girl （ ） I spoke to was a student.7. The man to （ ） I spoke was a foreigner.8. The man from （ ） I bought it told me to read the instructions.9. I know a boy （ ） father is an acrobat. 10. He saw a house （ ） windows were all broken.11. All the apples （ ） fall are eaten by wild boars.12. Can you think of anyone （ ） could look after him？13. This is the best hotel （ ）I know.14. He showed a machine （ ） parts are too small to be seen. 15. You can take any room （ ）you like.Answers to the Exercise 11 who 2 Whom 3 Who 4 whom 5 who 6 who/whom 7 whom 8 whom9 whose 10 whose 11 that 12 that 13 that 14 whose 15 thatExercise 2：Fill in the blank with a correct word.1. He made another wonderful discovery, _was more than we could expect.A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that the reason _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where3. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom4. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew5. I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which6. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected.A. what B. which C. that D. it7. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. whichAnswers to the exercise:1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D Part 3 WritingPeriod5&6Teaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言 Words and expressions from the reading passage and the newspaper story2. Ability goals 能力目标a. Learn to write an outline of a newspaper. b. Learn to write a poster3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students to develop their writing ability by using some tips and useful expressions Teaching important points 教学重点a. Teach the students how to write an outline of a newspaper.b. Teach the students how to write a poster.Teaching difficult points 教学难点a. Teach the students the ways to express themselves, and form their own writing methods.b. Tell the studnts the difference of the outlines between a short story and a newspaper story.Teaching methods 教学方法a. Discussionb. Reading and writingc. Asking and answering Teaching proceduresways 教学过程及方式StepWriting an outline (10 minutes)1）An outline will prepare you to write a better story.2）A good outline should have a headline, a list of main idea and a list of important details.3）:A headline can tell the reader what the topic is, so it can attract the readers attention since the reader may not have bought the newspaper before they read the headline. 4） First, organize the main ideas. Next, put some details into each paragraph.5:）A newspaper story gives the most important news first and the least important news last.S1: It seems that the first sentence is the main sentence.S2: I dont think so. Because the main idea should show the purpose of doing something. So I think the last sentence is the main idea. China leads world in traffic deathsEXPERTS say that road traffic accidents are on the rise and China ranks first in the world in traffic death tolls. Worldwide statistics show that the global traffic accident death toll amounted to 500,000 in 2003, with the largest share, 104,000 reported in China, followed by India with 86,000, the US with 40,000, and Russia with 26,000, said Duan Liren, former deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Management Bureau. Road accidents are the seventh leading killer in China.Seven killed in cargo plane crashAN AZERBAIJIANI II-76 cargo plane crashed in Xinjiang, northwest China, Tuesday, killing all seven crew members. No passengers were found aboard, said rescuers. The crash occurred at around 11:00 am on Tuesday near Urumqi Internation Airport. About 80 per cent of the cargo has burnt. The plane was a charactered flight from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, to Baku, in Azerbaijan via Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang. The search for the black box is still being conducted.1) “Whats the headline?2) Whats the main idea?3) what are the details?” Step Writing a poster (12 minutes)SB Writing Task, Page 67In fact this part is the continuous one of the Speaking Task. That is, Speaking is the base of the Writing. The instructions have told the students how to write a poster and what should be written down. Ask the students to read the instructions carefully, and make sure they know what they are going to do. Give them 5 minutes to write. Possible sample:Poster Earthquakes are terrible natural disasters. Although we cannot avoid it, we can survive by making preparations. Here are the essential things you should always take during an earthquake. You should take a bottle of water. It can keep you alive for a long time, if you are trapped under the ruins. Take some fruit, in case you are hungry. And also take a torch light and a mobile. These can help you keep in touch with the outside world, and it is easy for rescue workers to find you quickly. Dont put fresh fruit in the bag as they will go bad quickly and cause problems.Dont take money, especially dont go back to take money when the house is shaking.You may be caught in the ruins. Part 4： Writing主要学习SPEECH演讲稿的写作。通过对演讲稿的了解、注意事项和名人演讲的感受，让学生学会如何恰当地写演讲稿。A thanks speechLadies and gentlemen, It's my honour to be here to celebrate the opening of the new park to honour those wo died in the terrible disaster. First, I'd like to express my thanks who worked hard to rescue surviors. Without your help, we don't know how many children would lose their parents, and how many parents would lose their children. An old saying said that a friend in need is a friend in deed. No words are strong enough to express our thanks to you, because it's you who gave our grandparents and parents life again and also brought hope to this city. Second, I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts of those who worked hard to build a new city. You built new homes and offices within only seven years. You were so quick that the UN honoured you for your quick work. It seemed as if the disaster was just a nightmare. You speeded up the completment of the nightmare! And I'd also like to thank the visitors for listening to my speech. It's a good time for all of us to look back at the past and to look forward to the future. As a middle school student, I'd like to say that “Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity”. (Richard Nixon, American President ) 命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。(美国总统 尼克松 . R.) We will work hard to make our future more beautiful!Thank you!