初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表名称用     法动词形式(以do为例)常 用 时 间 状 语例                句一般现在时1.现在的状态2.经常性或习惯性的动作3.主语具备的性格或能力I/We/You/They do.He/She/It does.in the morning/afternoon/morningevery day/morning/Sundayon Sunayalways  usually   oftensometimes1.She is twelve.2.I get up at 6:30 every day.3.She likes swimming.一般过去时1.过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态2.过去经常或反复发生的动作I/We did.You did.He/She/It did.They did.yesterday(morning/afternoon)last night/Sunday  in 1990two days ago     alwaysusually often sometimes1.I got up at 6:30 yesterday.2.He always went to work by bus last year.一般将来时1.将来某时间要发生的动或存在的状态2.将来经常或反复发生的动作I shall do.I'm going to do.We/You/They/He/She/ It will do.We/You/They are goingto do.He/She/It is going todo.tomorrow (morning/afternoon/evening)next year/month/week1.I will go to my home town next week.2.I'll come to see you every Sunday.3.I'm going to swim tomorrow afternoon.现在进行时现在或当前一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作I'm doing.He/She/It is doing.We/You/They are doing.now1.She is watering the flowers.2.Are they working now?3.They are listening to the teacher.过去进行时过去某一时刻或某一段正在进行的动作I/He/She/It was doing.We/You/They were doing.this time yesterdayat ten o'clock yesterdayat that timewhen he came back1.We were reading in class this time yesterday2.I was drawing a picture when the teachercame in.现在完成时1.过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果2.表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态He/She/It has done.We/You/They have done.already  just  before  neverfor three yearssince 1990this morningthese days1.I've already posted the letter.2.We have known each other for ten years.3.They lived here since 1997.4.Have you ever been to Beijing?过去完成时过去某一时间前已经发后的动作或状态I/We/You/He/She/It had done.by the end ofwhen+一般过去时before+一般过去时1.I had learned 2000 words by the end of last  term.2.When I got out,the bus had already left.现在完成进行时现在以前的一段时间里一直进行的动作,这个运作可能仍在进行,也可能继续进行下去I/We/You/They have been doing.He/She/It has been doing.since nine oclockfor five hours1.I have been skating for five hours.2.She has been skating since nine oclock. 初中英语时态专项练习1、 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。一般现在时基本用法介绍一、一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时的构成:肯定句： 1).主语+系动词 be(is, am, are )+名词（形容词，介词短语）2). 主语+动词原形+其它  第三人称单数+动词-s+其它第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1) 多数动词直接加s:runsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs.(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :watchesteachesgoesdoeswashescrossesmixesbrushes(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buyssays如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。We study English.我们学习英语。Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。否定句： 1)主语+ be （is,am,are）+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。2)其他主语+do not(dont)动词原形+其它  I don't like bread 第三人称单数+does not(doesnt)动词原形+其它He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：1)Be（Is,Are） +主语+其它?如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它？ Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+？注意：遇I/weyou, myyour, someany.Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.  Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?二、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) 三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _2、现在进行时。通常用“now/look/listen”.1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的结构：.肯定句 ： 主语+be（is,am,are ） +动词现在分词-ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.否定句：主语+be（is,am,are ）+not + 动词现在分词-ing一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing？特殊疑问：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?3.动词加ing的变化规则1)一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2)以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping,swimswimming4. 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) 3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)                          3、 一般过去时态一般过去时通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last”等。1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.行为动词的一般过去时变化   肯定句（Positive） 动词过去式 I went shopping last night.   否定句(Negative)didnt + 动词原形I didnt go shopping last night.一般疑问句(Yes/No)Did + 动词原形?Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑问句(wh-)What did+ 动词原形?What did you do last night? 4.动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：一般动词   +edplanted,watered,climbed以不发音的e结尾                  +dliked辅音字母加y结尾-y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个字母+edstop stoppedplan - planned不规则动词的变化：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweepsweptteachtaughthave hadgowentkeepkeptthink thoughtdo didfindfoundsleepsleptbuy boughteat atesaysaidfeelfeltdrink drankis/am wastaketookreadreadgive gaveare weremeanmeantputputsing sangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegin beganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwrite wroteseesawflyflewrun ranride rodecomecamedrawdrewsit sathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew5.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 过去时练习:写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be动词的过去时练习:A一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.二、 句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_行为动词的过去时练习:B一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.二、句型转换1.   Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2.  We sang some English songs.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_三、中译英1格林先生去年住在中国。2. 昨天我们参观了农场。3. 他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习A一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)4. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.5. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.二、 中译英1.我们上周五看了一部电影。2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。4、一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。1.基本结构：主语+be (is,am,are)going to +动词原形.主语+will+ 动词原形.2.否定句：主语+be (is,am,are)+not +going to +动词原形.主语+will +not(wont)+ 动词原形.例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.3.一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语 +going to +动词原形.+? Will+主语+动词原形+?例：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? Yes,we are.      No, we arent.Will he go to Beijing next week?       Yes,he will.       No,he wont.4.对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1). 问人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2). 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3). 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?5同义句：be going to = will  I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.一、练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.5.过去进行时：肯定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它否定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+not+动词现在分词-ing+其它一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+动词现在分词-ing+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+was(were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它?用法:1、 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作（即与when, while引出的时间状语从句连用）。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening. 昨晚6点他们正在谈论一部电影。    What were you doing at this time last week? 上周的这个时候你在干什么？    When the teacher came in, they were talking. 老师进来时，他们在讲话。2、 表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午2点到3点他们在游泳。  She was watching TV the whole morning. 她整个上午在看电视。3、 表示过去将要发生的动作。例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday. 他说他周二动身。  Tom said he was going tomorrow. 汤姆说他明天去。4、 用过去进行时描写故事背景。例：It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天渐渐黑了下来，风势增强了。  The procession was going. He was standing among the crowd looking on. 队伍在前进。他站在人群中观看。5.过去进行时练习题：一、 单项选择(   )1.My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell, was riding  B. fell, were riding  C. had fallen, rode  D. had fallen, was riding(   )2. Tom _ into the house when no one _.A. slipped, was looking     B. had slipped, lookedC. slipped, had looked        D. was slipping, looked(   )3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.A. had seen, was picking  B. saw, picked   C. had seen, picked    D. saw, was picking(   )4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he _ into space.A. just stared     B. was just staring    C. has just stared    D. had just stared(   )5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the timeA. has worked   B. was working  C. had been working  D. had worked(   )6.-Hey, look where you are going!  -Oh, I ' m terribly sorry._.A. I ' m not noticing    B. I wasn ' t noticing   C. I haven ' t noticed   D. I don ' t notice(   )7. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A. was traveling   B. traveled   C. had been traveling   D. was to travel(   )8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A. had     B. had been having   C. have been having   D. was having(   )9.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone. A. was speaking    B. spoke     C. had been speaking   D. had spoken(   )10. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ”“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. ”A. just thought   B. have just been thinking   C. was just thinking   D. have just thought二、动词填空。John_（work） all day yesterday.He _（walk） home when the （rian）_begin. What_you _（do） at ten o'clock yesterdayI_（studay） in classWhen Harry _（have） breakfast Lily _（telephone） himWhen I _ （go） to school this morning I _ （see） a car running into a bus6. This time yesterday Jack _ (mend) his bike.7. I _ (write) a letter at ten last night.8. It was six. The Greens _ (have) supper.9. When you _ (knock) at the door yesterday,I _ (do) some washing.10. While my mother _ (watch) TV, I _(make) a kite.三、 英汉互译。1.昨晚我给你打电话时，你正在干什么？ 2.上中学时，我住老师家里。 3.他昨天本来要看那场戏的，可是太忙了。 4.They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 5.Soon the whole town was talking about it. 6. 现在完成时构成：肯定句：主语+助动词have（has）+动词过去分词-ed  否定句：主语+助动词have（has）+not(havent,hasnt)+动词过去分词-ed  一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？  特殊疑问句：疑问词+have(has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？用法：1、 表示说话之前已完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。Mr. Wang has just come back from America. 王先生刚从美国回来。2现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since 等表示一段时间的状语。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见终止性动词与延续性动词 (或状态动词) 的对应关系如下:come / go / arrive / get / reach / move- be in/atopen - be open          die - be dead             close-be close    become-be                  borrow - keep           put on - wearbuy - have               leave - be away (from)   begin / start - be on         fall asleep - be asleepend/finish - be over         catch a cold - have a coldjoin the army - be in the army, be a soldierjoin the Party- be in the Party , be a Party member例：吉姆买这支笔已有两年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since two years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007It is two years since Jim bought this pen.4.在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等5.表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 that” 后面跟现在完成时。例：This is my first time that I have visited China.  This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.  That is the only book that he has written.6. have / has been to + 地点 意为“曾去过某地”，暗含目前已不在该地，仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。have / has gone to + 地点 “到了某地去了”，暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意，但是否到达了某地尚不确定。如：He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。  He has been to Shanghai. 他去过了上海。7.现在完成时专项练习一、单项选择。(   )1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they_what's happened to him .knew       .have known    .must know     .will know(   )2、He  has  _ been  to  Shanghai , has  he ?.already     .never     .ever         . Still(   )3、Have  you  met  Mr  Li _？. just    .ago     .before       .a moment ago(   )4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .is writing   .was writing    .wrote    .has  written(   )5、Our country  _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well  .changed ; good . has changed ; better        .changed ; better(   )6、Zhao Lan _already  _in this school for two years . was ; studying   . will ; study   . has ; studied  . are ; studying(   )7、We _ Xiao  Li  since  she  was  a  little  girl . . know   .had  known   . have known     .knew(   )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . .will  see    .have  seen     .saw    .see(   )9、These  farmers  have  been  to  the  United  States .   Really ? When _  there ?.will they go .did they go .do  they go  .have they gone(   )10、_ you _ your  homework  yet ? Yes . I _  it  a  moment  ago .Did ; do ; finished    .Have ; done ; finished.Have ; done ; have finished    .will ; do ; finish(   )11、 His  father  _ the  Party  since  1978 .joined    .has joined   .was in   . has been in(   )12、Do you know him well ?  Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were   . have been     . have become     . have made(   )13、How long have you  _ here ?About two months .been     .gone     .come       .arrived(   )14、Hurry  up! The  play _ for  ten  minutes .has begun   .had  begun   .has  been  on  .began(   )15、 It _ ten  years  since  he  left  the  army .is   .has       .will          .was(   )16、 Miss  Green  isn't  in  the  office .she_  to  the  library .has  gone  .went    .will  go      .has  been(   )17、My  parents _  Shandong  for  ten  years .have been in  . have been to .have gone to  . have been(   )18、The students have cleaned the classroom,      ?A. so they   B. dont they   C. have they     D. havent they(   )19、        has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he        to China?A. How soon, comes  B. How often, got   C. How long, came   D. How far, arrived(   )20、 His uncle        for more t