《定语从句公开课》PPT课件.ppt

The Great Wall,The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that are created by man! There is always a saying “He who does not reach The Great Wall is not a true man. ”,1. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 3. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 4. All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不都是金子。,Proverbs:,Grammar: Revision of the Attributive Clause,镇江一中高三英语 语法专题:定语从句,Nanjing,the city,get the chance to host the 2014 Youth Olympic Games,Nanjing is the city that / which has got the chance to host the 2014 Youth Olympic Games.,定语从句,关系词,先行词,定语从句的基本概念：,在复合句中，修饰某一_或 _的从句，叫定语从句 1. _：定语从句所修饰的词 2. 关系词： Relative pronouns：_ _ _ _ _ _ Relative adverbs: _ _ _,名词,代词,先行词,who,whom,which,that,as,whose,when,where,why,关系词常有3个作用：, 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分,关系代词作主语、宾语、表语或定语 （如whose / which），作_有时可 省略；关系副词作状语，一般不省略。,宾语,This is the best film that I have ever seen.,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,(1)His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。 （他还有其他的哥哥） (2)His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。 （他只有一个哥哥）,要注意区分以下句子的不同：,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：,1 China is a country which has a long history. 2 China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.,限制性定语从句：1) 形式上_逗号，2) 意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，因而不能删除,非限制性定语从句： 1) 形式上_逗号与主句隔开 2) 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整 3) 关系词不用 _，且不能省,无,有,that,Translate the following sentences:,China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.,他的母亲很爱他，但对他的要求却很严。,(2006上海) In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. A. where B. when C. which D. what,（2011江苏）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which,解题技巧：三步定位法 1. 找先行词，辨清人和物 2. 确定关系词在从句中的作用 3. 确定关系词,关系代词和关系副词的作用,考点与难点归纳,1. 定语从句关系词的选用 2. 关系代词which 和that的区别 3. which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别 4. as引导的限制性定语从句 5. whose 的用法及转换形式 6. “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句,定语从句的热门考点,定语从句的难点归纳,1. 定语从句中主谓一致的问题 2. the way用作先行词 3. time用作先行词 4. 分隔性定语从句 5. 在定语从句加中插入语 6.“介词+关系副词where /when”引导的定语 从句 7. 定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句和强调句的区别以及多个从句的混合使用,1. 定语从句关系词的选用 2. 关系代词which 和that的区别 3. which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别 4. as引导的限制性定语从句 5. whose 的用法及转换形式 5. “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句,定语从句的热门考点强化训练,考点一：如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词 1. We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. Do you have anything to say for yourself? Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /,1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点二、关系代词which 和that的区别,1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或 由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时, 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 3. 先行词中既有人又有事物时， 4. 先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时, 5. 当主句的主语是who/which等疑问代词时， 6.当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中 作表语时， 7.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系词已用which, 另一个宜用that,指物，介词后。 2. 用于非限制定语从句中,只使用that应遵循的规则,只使用which应遵循的规则,考点三：as与which引导的非限制性 定语从句 1. _is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China. 2. She was late again, _ was unexpected. 3. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. （2012陕西）,As,which,which,as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别: 1) 位于句首, 只用 _ 2) 某些固定结构（特别是被动语态的从句中）, 常用_ 3) 当定语从句是否定句或表示否定时, 常用_,as,as,which,4. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It 5.The Beatles, _many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as 6.（2012安徽，29）lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. This,考点四：as引导的限制性定语从句,as/that/which 1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.,as,that,归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前 常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。,模拟训练 ：,1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. （04 模拟训练） A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same; that D. as the same; as,（05 模拟训练）,考点五： whose 用法及转换形式,whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指_，还可以指_。,人的,物的,whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同， 即whose+名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.,1.（2012天津）I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 2.（2010江苏）The newly built cafe, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which,考点六：介词+关系词,1. In the dark street, there is no one _ _ he could turn for help. 2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris. 4. Air, _ _ man cant live, is really important.,to whom,with which,on which,without which,在介词后, 关系代词一般只用_（指物） 或 _（指人）,which,whom,1.（2009陕西）Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 2.（2012四川）In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them,译：这是我要照顾的孩子。 This is the child whom/ that I will take care of.,注意：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词 仍放在短语动词的后面，不能提前。,(06浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时， 可用“名词/数词/代词 + 介词+ which/whom”结构,定语从句中的谓语含有 can, may等情态动词时，可简化为 “介词 + which/ whom +不定式结构” （2005湖南）Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how,定语从句的难点回顾,1. 定语从句中主谓一致的问题 2. the way用作先行词 3. time用作先行词 4. 分隔性定语从句 5. 在定语从句加中插入语 6.“介词+关系副词where /when”引导的定语 从句 7. 定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句和强调句 的区别以及多个从句的混合使用,难点四：分隔性定语从句 定语 从句与先行词被分割开来 All is well that ends well. 结果好，就一切都好。,特点： 先行词通常是句子的主语，因主句谓语 较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移 至主句谓语之后。,（2011天津，10）The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which,= Gone are the days when,能力提升,Our class is a big family. It consists of 10 girls and 34 boys.,Our class is a big family which consists of 10 girls and 34 boys.,定语从句的运用,Liu Changjian is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready to help others.,Liu Changjian is a kind-hearted boy, who is always ready to help others.,定语从句的运用,Sometimes what we do will hurt other peoples feelings. It does great harm to the relationship between us all.,Sometimes what we do will hurt other peoples feelings, which does great harm to the relationship between us all.,定语从句的运用,根据下列句子，完成短文。,众所周知，2014年南京将举办青奥会。英语作为一种国际语言，将会在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为青奥会贡献自己的力量。,注意：要使用定语从句 参考词语：2014年青奥会 the 2014 Youth Olympic Games 抓住机会seize / take the opportunity (chance),As is known to all, Nanjing will host the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. English, which is an international language, plays an important part in communicating with foreign friends. We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well. Only in this way can we make our contributions to the Youth Olympic Games.,One possible version:,As is known to all, Nanjing will host the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. English, which is an international language, plays an important part in communicating with foreign friends. We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can make our contributions to the Youth Olympic Games.,Another possible version:,As is known to all, Nanjing will host the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. English, which is an international language, plays an important part in communicating with foreign friends. We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well. Only in this way can we make our contributions to the Youth Olympic Games.,One possible version: (better),对比训练答案： 1-10 BCCAC BADAB 定语从句巩固训练： 1-10 DBBDB CDCCD,Thank you!,Opportunities are only for those who are prepared. 机会只给那些有准备的人。,