Module 1《My First Day at Senior High》introduction,reading and vocab文字素材3（外研版必修1）

111第一册1单元1.information noun facts or details telling sth about a situation, person ,event, etc information about/on sb/sth 关于某人/谋事的信息 a piece of information 一则消息;一份情报 ask for information on/about 打听关于的消息2 instruction n (pl) sth that sb tells you to do 指示 (pl) information on how to do or use sth 说明follow the instructions for 遵守的指示instructions on(how to do ) sth （如何做）某事的指示instructions to do sth 做某事的指示on sb instructions 遵照某人的指示be under instructions to do sth 被指示做某事instructions in有关的指示3 embarrassed adj. feeling nervous and uncomfortable and worrying be embarrassed to do sth 羞于做某事 be embarrassed about/at 对感到困窘4 attitude sbs opinions of feelings about sth, especially as shown by their behaviourattitude to/towards sth/sb 对某人/某事的态度5 behaviour n way of treating others ; manners behaviour towards/to 对的态度/行为 be on ones good/best behaviour 循规蹈矩；行为检点put sb on his best behaviour 规劝/警告某人要规规矩矩6 previous adj happening or existing before the event or object you are talking about 以前的；从前的the previous day 前一天 previous to 在以前 previously adv 以前；从前7 impress vt.to have a favourable effect on sb ; to make sb feel admiration and respect impress sth in /on sth impress sth on/opon sb impress sb with sth be impressed at/by/with impression n. make an impression on sb 8 cover vt to include or deal with sth 包含be covered by/ with被所覆盖 cover for sb 顶替某人 cover (a distance) 走（一段距离）cover (sth new )报道（消息；新闻） cover sth up/over 盖住某物1The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms. Shen. 这个非常热情的女老师是沈老师。called Ms. Shen 是过去分词短语作定语，与所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系，相当于定语从句who/that was called Ms. Shen。 如：We visited the new library built three weeks ago.我们参观了三周前建成的图书馆。注：短语一般放在被修饰词之后，单个过去分词放在被修饰词之前2And we have fun. I don't think I will be bored in Ms. Shen's class!我们上课上得很开心，我认为我不会对沈老师的课厌烦的。（1）have (great) fun 玩得开心=have (a lot of) fun = have a wonderful time =enjoy oneself 如：You're sure to have some fun tonight.今晚你一定会玩得很开心。They had a lot of fun chatting on the net.他们在网上聊天聊得很开心。fun/,是不可数名词，常用于be fun 结构中，相当于interesting。如Seeing monkeys in the zoo is great fun.在公园看猴子非常有趣。注: 此处的what fun不能用how funny代替，因为"funny"是“滑稽的，好笑的”的意思。拓展for fun=in fun 开玩笑地make fun of 嘲笑，取笑。如I'm not saying such a serious thing for fun. 我说如此严肃的事情绝不是开玩笑。（2） 我们要注意本句英汉表达的区别。英语中有些动词，如think, believe, expect, suppose, feel, guess, imagine 等，当它们后面接一个具有否定意义的宾语从句时，通常要把主句的动词变为否定式，而宾语从句中的谓语动词用肯定形式。这种现象称为否定的转移。如：We don't think there is anything interesting in your pictures.我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。I don't believe what he said is true.我认为他说的不是真话。I don't suppose they will object to my suggestion.我想他们不会反对我的建议。 I don't feel the food can last us through the winter.我认为这食物是不够我们过冬的。注：在反意疑问句中，若陈述部分是第一人称，think等词用一般现在进，则疑部部分需与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致，否则要与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。如：I don't think it's going to rain tomorrow, is it?我认为明不会下雨，对吗？You don't think I have made mistakes, do you?你并不认为我犯了什么错误，是吗？3 In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女孩是男孩的三倍。（1）in other words 意为“换句话”，在句中用作插入成分。如：In other words, she must give up singing.换言之，她必需放弃唱歌。 A + be+倍数 +as+ adj. +as+BAsia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。A+be+倍数+ 比较级+than+BAsia is three times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。A+be+倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width+ of+ BAsia is four times the size of Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。注: time 表示倍数，一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上，若表示两倍可用副词twice 或形容词double, time 表示的倍数也可以用分数，百分数或某些表程度的副词替换。The street is twice the length of that one.这条街是那条街的两倍长。Ten is double five.十是五的二倍。This pencil is a quarter as long as that one.这枝铅笔是那枝的四分之一长。4 I'm looking forward to doing it！我非常渴望去做。look forward to sth./doing sth. 意思是“期待着某事/做某事”，其中“to”是介词。I look forward to hearing from you as early as possible.我期待着早日收到你的来信。Boys and girls are looking forward to Children's Day.孩子们期盼着儿童节的来临。链接动词介词to构成的常用短语有：look forward to 盼望turn to 求助于；转向；翻到pay attention to 注意stick to 坚持get down to 开始认真干 object to 反对belong to 属于refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅point to 指向see to 处理，料理come to 共计；苏醒reply to 答复agree to 同意add to 增加devoteto 贡献给compareto把比作5 The school year is divided into two semesters, the first of which is September through December, and the second is January through May.一学年有两个学期，第一学期从九月到十二月，第二学期从一月到五月。（1）be divided into “把分成”。如:Our class is divided into four groups. 我们班分成四组。 (2) the first of which是定语从句，修饰 semesters. 如：We live in a house, in front of which is a small river.6 I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijingaway from 和far from , 两个短语都可以用来作表语，状语和后置定语。其中，其中away from用在表示具体距离的词后面时，意为“离（多远），be away from意为“离开”。 far from 通常不和具体的距离的词连用，意为“离某地很远”。7 and Ms Shens method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.Nothing like意为 “没有什么能比得上”，“丝毫不象”。 It looks nothing like a horse.something like 意为“大约”，“几分像”。It must be something like seven Oclock.8 Today we introduced ourselves to each other.Introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人Introduce sth in/ into 把某物引进Introduce sb to sth 引导或带领某人接触某物Introduce sth to sb 宣布并介绍Introduction n 介绍；引进；引论An introduction to 对的介绍；的引论9 Oh really? So have I. “so +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”表示“（另一事物）也” He is interested in physics and so am I 。 If you can finish it in time, so can I . 表示否定意义时用“neither/nor +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”，意为“（另一事物）也不” Bob wasnt at school last Friday, and neither/nor was Jack. “so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词”表示对之前或对方所说的情况表示赞同或证实，意为“同一个人或事物）确实” -You have dropped a word here. -Yes, so I have.10 At the end of twelfth grade, American students receive the high school diploma. at the end of 在结束的时候；在的尽头； 在的结尾处 in the end (at last; finally)最终，终于 by the end of 到结束时 at the beginning of (at the start of ) 在开始的时候 at the beginning (in the beginning ; at first) 起初，开始时11 I take part in all kinds of after-school activities take part in join in join 111