2021春八年级英语下册Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks语法小专题练习（新版）人教新目标版

2017春八年级英语下册Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks语法小专题练习（新版）人教新目标版单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲一、动词短语(一)动词短语的分类1动词介词。eg：ask for 请求；寻找belong to 属于fall into 落入look at 看look after 照顾，照料learn from 向学习remind of提醒2动词副词。eg：pick out 挑选take away 拿走wake up 叫醒put off 推迟give out 分发think over 考虑end up 结束3动词副词介词。eg：come up with 提出；想出run out of 用完get along with 与相处do well in 擅长look forward to 期望4动词名词介词。eg：take part in 参加make use of 利用pay attention to 注意take care of 照顾5系动词形容词介词。eg：be equal to 等于be strict with 对要求严格be mad at 对恼火be full of 充满be different from 与不同(二)动词短语的用法1以介词结尾的动词短语，后面常接名词、代词、动名词作其宾语，该名词、代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。eg：think of 想起；想出look for 寻找get on 上车agree with 同意ask for 请求；询问fall off 从掉下来2有些“动词副词”结构的动词短语后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作其宾语。接名词时，该名词可以放在副词之后，也可以放在动词和副词之间；接代词时，该代词只能放在动词和副词之间。eg：put on穿上take off 脱下put up 挂起；举起put away 收好put down 放下give up 放弃give away 捐赠hand out 分发wake up 叫醒shut down 把关上get back 取回try out 试验，尝试二、动词不定式动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语，还可用在复合结构中，在有些情况下，to可以省略。1作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把作真正主语的动词不定式短语放在句尾。eg：It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.目睹轮船沉入大海，真是太可怕了。2作定语动词不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。eg：Would you like something to eat？你想吃点什么吗？3作宾语(1)decide，hope，agree，choose，fail，wish，learn 等动词后常接动词不定式作宾语。(2)谓语动词为think，find，believe 等的句子，常表示为：think/find/believe itadj.to do sth.4作宾语补足语(1)ask/like/tell/want/sb.to do sth.其中to 不可省略。(2)let/have/make/feel/hear/see/watch/sb.do sth.(3)help sb.(to) do sth.5作表语eg：His dream is to be a doctor.他的梦想是当一名医生。6作状语eg：I'm sorry to hear it.听到这个消息我很难过。语法精练.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1The teacher often tells us not_to_surf(not surf) the Internet.2Come on！I have something important to_tell(tell) you.3I haven't decided when to_take(take) a holiday yet.4To_be(be) healthy，we should eat more vegetables and fruits.5My job is to_study(study) hard.同义句转换，每空一词。6The boy takes after his mother.The boy is similar to his mother.7Can you come up with a good way to learn English well?Can you think up a good way to learn English well?8We can repair your watch at once.We can fix up your watch at once.9We want to make the girl happy.We want to cheer up the girl.10Can you give out the exercisebooks for me?Can you hand out the exercisebooks for me?.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。11最后，她终于想出了一个好主意。She came up with a good idea at last.12她愿意帮助我摆脱困境。She would like to help me out13我期待着我的笔友能尽快来信。I'm looking forward to hearing from my pen pal as soon as possible.14会后他们不得不打扫房间。They had to clean up the room after the meeting.15我的钱用完了，你能借给我一些吗？I've run out of my money.Can you lend me some5