英语特殊句型的翻译

英语特殊句型的翻译（惯用法结构）I. it作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型的翻译。1. She had said what it was necessary to say. 2. It is no time for me to hide anything. 3. It is not common for him to receive letters.4. How was it possible for so great a commerce to flourish?5. It is not supposed to be easy for women to rise to the height of taking the large free view of anythinganything which calls for action.6. Make it the first object to be able to fix and hold your attention upon your studies. 7. The fog made it difficult to calculate the distance.8. Rumor has it that there will be war. 9. I have heard it remarked by a statesman of high reputation that most great men have died of overeating themselves.II. 强调句型的翻译1. It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us. 2. It is to men like Edison that we should be grateful.3. It is only shallow people who judge by appearance.4. Yet it is not he who sings loudest and jokes most that has the lightest heart.5. He is an interpreter, one whose duty it is to act as a bridge or channel between the minds of his readers.III. “all+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”的译法 1. He was all gentleness to her.2. While she was waiting for the tinkling of the bell, all nerves, suddenly he stood before her.3. To his superiors, he is humility itself.4. Washington was discretion itself in the use of speech, never taking advantage of an opponent, or seeking a short-lived triumph in a debate.IV. 利用词汇重复表示强调的翻译。1. A crime is a crime a crime.2. A government is a government a government.V. “something(much) of ”和“nothing(little)”的翻译1. They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.2. He is very much of a gentleman.3. He is more of a scholar that a teacher.4. If he is anything of gentleman, he will keep his promise, I should think.5. There was nothing of the student about him, but very much of the miner.6. He knows something of everything. VI. 同格名词修饰的翻译。1. Those pigs of girls eat so much.2. She was an angel of a wife.3. The child is a treasure of a son.VII. “asas can(may) be” 的翻译。1. It is as plain as plain can be.2. You are as wrong as wrong can be.3. A lot of these boys were green as green can be. 4. Since I have been in prison he has always been coming to see me, and at times he would talk to me, and was as good to me as could be. VIII. “It is in(with) as in(with)”的翻译。1. It is in life as in a journey.2. It is in studying as in eating; he who does it gets the benefits; and not he who sees it done.3. It is with a machine as with a child that must always be taken care of.IX. “as good as”的翻译。1. The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.2. Out of the eight men who had fallen in the action, only three still breathed; and of these two were as good as dead.X. “may as wellas”和“might as wellas”的翻译。1. One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.2. You may as well begin at once.3. Friendship is a vase, which, if it is cracked by accident, may as well be broken at once.4. You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.XI. “to makeof”的译法（使成为，把当作）。1. I will make a scientist of my son.2. She often makes a hero of her husband.3. She has made a conquest of him.4. Men who have done great things, made stepping stones of their failure. XII. “too+不定式”，“not(never) too+不定式”，“toonot+不定式”的译法。1. She is too angry to speak.2. The news is too good to be true.3. He is not too old to learn.4. One is never too old to learn.5. English is not too difficult to learn.6. He is too angry not to say it.7. The expression is well known to many students of French, but it is far too good not to be requited here. XIII. “only(all, but) too to do so”和“too ready(apt) to do”的译法。1. You know but too well to hold your tongue. 2. They are all too satisfied to take the opinions of others without the pain of thought for themselves.3. I shall be only too pleased to do my best in that line of work.XIV. “no morethan”句型的译法。1. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.2. The gospel of making a fortune is no more true than what I tell you.XV. “not so much as”和“not so much as”结构的译法。1. The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.2. Success in life does not depend so much on ones school record as ones honesty and diligence. 3. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach you the art of learning.XVI. “Nothing is more than”和“Nothing is so as”结构的译法。1. Nothing is more precious than time.2. No complaint is more common than that of a scarcity of money.XVII. “cannottoo”结构的译法。1. You cannot be too careful.2. This introduces a fact of an importance that cannot be overstressed. 3. That which is good cannot be done too soon. XVIII. “否定+but”结构的译法。 1. Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.2. There is no one but hopes to be rich.XIX. “否定+until(till)”结构的译法。 1. Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried. XX. “not sobut”和“not such a but”结构的译法。 1. He is not so sick but he can come to school.2. No man is so foolish but he may give another good counsel sometimes.XXI. “疑问词+shouldbut”结构的译法。1. Who should write it but himself?2. Who should come in but his first wife?XXII. “who knows but (that) ”和“who could/shouldbut”结构的译法。1. Who knows but (that) he may go?2. Who knows but (that) he may do such a thing at his old age!XXIII. “祈使句+and”和“祈使句+or”结构的译法。1. Add love to a house and you have a home. Add righteousness to a city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.2. Dont go too close to him, or youll be found fault with. XXIV. “名词+and”结构的译法。1. A word, and he would lose his temper.2. A turn of the path and we were in a fairy land, whose existence no one a hundred yards off would have suspected. XXV. “as, so”结构的译法。1. As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.2. As fire tries gold, so does adversity try courage.XXVI. “if any”结构的译法。 1. There is little, if any, hope. 2. If occurs seldom, if ever.3. If anything, he is a little better today.XXVII. “be it ever(so)”和“let it be ever(never) so”结构的译法。1. Be it ever so humble (let it be ever so humble), home is home. 2. A man thinking or working is always alone, let him be where he will. 3. Let it ever be so weak, there is nobody but lovers his country.XXVIII. “the last+不定式”和“the last+定语从句”结构的译法。1. He is the last man of which man can make his boast is his knowledge. 2. Romantic is the last thing I am. XXIX. “sothat”句型的译法。1. He ran so fast that nobody could catch him up. 2. It so happened that he was not at home. 3. The streets were so crowded that our car had to go very slowly. 4. I do not think anyone write so well that he cannot learn much from Fowlers dictionary. 5. May we so live that our childrens children may look upon us as having set them an example. XXX. “more+than+原级形容词(副词)”结构的译法。1. It is more that probable that he will fall. 2. He is more shy than unsocial. 3. He is more dead than alive. 4. She was dressed more than simply. “more than+动词”结构的译法。1. This more than satisfied me. 2. He more than hesitated to promise that. 3. More is meant than meets the ear. “good and”副词用法，译为“非常”、“恨”等。类似还有”nice and”, “fine and ”, “lovely and”, “lovely and”, “bright and ”, “rare and ”, “big and ”, 均表示程度。1. The apples are good and ripe. 2. I am good tired. 3. The boy was bad. Yes! He was good and bad. 4. The house stands nice and high. 5. Youll make yourself fine and beholden to Aaron. 6. I was rare and hungry.7. The room is snug and warm. 8. I wish your eyes would always flash like that, for it looks so nice and manly. “and that”结构的译法。1. Return to your work, and that at once. 2. The snow began to come down and that in earnest. “at onceand”结构的译法。1. The novel is at once pleasing and instructive. 2. I was at once comforted and terrified by this thought. “in that”结构的译法。类似的有”in this”1. The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs. 2. Some things they do in that they are mensome things in that they are men misled and blinded with error. “the name notwithstanding”结构的译法。 1. Some people think of the storage battery as a sort of condenser where electricity is stored. But this is an entirely wrong conception, the name notwithstanding. 2. This notwithstanding, I still want to go. “Everynot”和“All not”结构的译法。1. Every man is not polite, and all are not born gentlemen. 2. All that glitters is not gold. “may as well notas”结构的译法。 1. One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly. “have only todo”结构的译法。1. We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison to see the significance of it. “not (no) unless”句型的译法。1. No increase in output can be expected unless a new assembly line is installed. “betterthan”句型的译法。1. Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love. “as it were”是一个非常常用的插入语，意思是“好像”、“可以说”。译时视上下文而定。有时不译出。A piece of iron near a magnet, though apparently separately from it, feels, as it were, the threads of this attachment. 复杂结构的翻译。 Though faith and confidence are surely more or less foreign to my nature, I do not infrequently find myself looking to them to be able, diligent, candid, and even honest. Plainly enough, that is too large an order, as anyone must realize who reflects upon the manner in which they reach public office. “notany more than”译为“不能，正如不能”。One cannot learn to sketch and express himself graphically only by reading about it any more than one can learn to swim while standing by the pool. “Be that as it may”是“Let it be that as it may”的省略形式，是由”be”引起的另外一种假设结构，意思是“虽说如此，尽管这样”。It is said that the nerve poison is the more primitive of the two, that the blood poison is, so to speak, a new product from an improved formula. Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison. “if at all”是一个由“if”引起的主谓结构不完整的短句结构，有时颇难翻译。可视情况译为“即使”、“即便”等。I can see only with great difficulty, if at all. 47. 由there引起的句型容易产生复杂的句子结构，译时应先找出主语。There have been opened up to the vast and excellent science, in which my work is the beginning, ways and means by which other minds more accurate than mine will explore its remote corners. 48. “range fromto”结构的译法。Computer applications range from an assembly line completely run by computers to a children toy responding to remote signals. 49. “the way”结构的译法。I always thought she was a common-sense person who discussed things the way they ought to be discussed. 50. 复杂宾补结构的译法。In recent years, the development of sensitive and accurate measuring equipment has made it possible to measure the acuity of hearing of any individual at different frequencies. 51. 某些分隔结构的译法。A. 动词短语相关部分被分隔(当”make use of”, “take notice of”, “pay attention to”等动词短语变成被动语态时)。Use is made of solar energy in heating houses. B. 双重定语引起的分隔。But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, appears as the ground of it. C. 名词后多个修饰语引起的分隔。Becquerel was interested in the phenomena of fluorescence, which is the property certain substances have of accumulating the energy of light falling upon them and of remaining luminous for a certain time after the source of light has been removed. 翻译新概念：英汉互译实用教程宋天锡编著 北京：国防工业出版社，2005.4