2013年高考英语《Unit 2 The United Kingdom》要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修5

111必修5Unit 2The United Kingdom 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考重点单词1unite vt. & vi.联合；团结united adj.联合的；团结的union n联合；联盟2consist vi.组成；在于；一致consistent adj.一致的3clarify vt.澄清；阐明4accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现5credit n信任；学分；赞扬；信贷6rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的7convenience n便利；方便convenient adj.方便的8attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引力attractive adj.有吸引力的9collection n收藏品；珍藏；收集collect vt.收集10description n描写；描述describe vt.描述11furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的furnish vt.用家具布置furniture n家具12possibility n可能性possible adj.可能的13plus prep.加上；和adj.加的；正的；零上的14quarrel n争吵；争论；吵架 vi.争吵；吵架15arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangement n安排16fold vt.折叠；对折unfold vt.(反义词)17delight n快乐；高兴vt.使高兴；使快乐delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的delightful adj.令人高兴的18thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊thrilling adj.令人激动的重点短语1consist of由组成2divide.into 把分成3break away (from) 摆脱(束缚)；脱离4to ones credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬； 在名下5leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑6take the place of 代替7break down (机器)损坏；破坏8make a list of 把列出清单9on special occasions 在特殊场合10feel proud of 对感到骄傲重点句型1Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是包括在内的。2Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous football teams and some of them even have two！虽然，全国性的，这些城市不如中国的城市大，但是它们拥有世界著名的足球队，有的甚至还拥有两支足球队！3It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。高考范文(2008·辽宁)假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：1乐观的人生态度；2努力学习；3参加体育锻炼。生词：态度 attitude注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_范文 We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things. Firstly, we should develop a good attitude to life. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard time. We should be brave in front of difficulties. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a day's study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考.词汇短语过关1consist vi. 组成，一致consistent adj. 协调的，一致的consist of 由组成，包括(无进行时态和被动语态)consist in 在于，存在于consist with 符合，一致be consistent with. 和一致；相符be made up of 由组成be composed of 由组成即学即练1(1)This club _ more than 200 members.这个俱乐部由200多个会员组成。(2)His job _ helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。(3)The beauty of the plan _ its simplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。(4)Theory should _ practice.理论应与实践相一致。(5)What you say _ not _ what you do.你言行不一。consists ofconsists ofconsists inconsist withisconsistent with2attract vt.吸引；引诱attraction nU吸引；吸引力；C吸引人的事物attractive adj.有魅力的；吸引人的；引人注目的attract sb./sth. to.把某人/物吸引到be attracted to 对有兴趣/好感attract sb.s attention/interest/criticism吸引某人的注意/吸引某人的兴趣/招致某人的批评 have attraction for 对有吸引力be an attraction to sb.对来说很吸引人即学即练2(1)What do you think _ people _ big cities?你认为把人吸引到大城市的原因是什么？(2)Babies _ bright colours.婴儿喜欢鲜艳的颜色。(3)The new play has _ a good deal of criticism.这出新剧招致很多批评。attractstoare attracted toattracted(4)She felt _ him.她对他一见钟情。(5)One of the main _ of the job is the high salary.这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高。an immediate attraction forattractions3convenience n. 便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施convenient adj. 方便的，便利的for the convenience of. 为了方便for (the sake of) convenience 为了方便起见at ones convenience 在方便时；在适宜的地点be convenient for sb./sth. 对于是方便的即学即练3(1)I keep my reference books near my desk _.我把参考书放在书桌旁以便用着方便。(2)Come to my office _.你方便时来我办公室一趟。(3)It was _ to have the doctor living near us. 有医生住在我们附近真是太方便了。(4)When would it _ you to start work?你什么时候始方便开始工作呢？for convenienceat your conveniencea great conveniencebe convenient for提示：convenience 意为“方便；便利”时，为不可数名词；作“便利的事物；便利设施”讲时为可数名词。convenient 为其形容词形式，用做表语时，主语不能是人，常用于 It is convenient for sb. to do sth.这一句型。4arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理；布置；排列arrangement n. 安排，筹备arrange sth. 整理，布置，排列；安排，筹备arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrange (with sb.) to do sth. (与某人)约定干某事arrange that. 商定；安排make arrangements for 安排好come to an arrangement 达成协议即学即练4(1)I'll _ a car _ pick you up.我将安排车去接你。(2)_ they should leave the following spring. 已安排他们第二年春天离开。(3)The local newspaper _ an interview with Professor Stein.当地报纸安排对斯坦教授进行专访。arrange fortoIt was arranged thatmade arrangements for提示：不能用 arrange sb. to do sth. 结构，应该使用 arrange for sb. to do sth. 结构。5delight vt. 使高兴/欣喜n.U高兴，快乐，喜悦；C令人愉快的事(much) to ones delightto ones (great) delight使某人(大为)高兴的是take/find/have delight in (doing) sth. 喜爱，以为乐be delighted at/by/with sth. 因/对感到高兴be delighted to do sth./thatclause 高兴地去做It is a delight to do sth. 做某事是一件令人愉快的事即学即练5(1)_， everything goes well.使我们高兴的是，一切进展顺利。(2)The boy always _ finding others' errors in class.这个孩子在课堂上总是以发现别人的错误为乐。(3)I'm _ meet you here.在这儿碰到你我真高兴。Much to our delighttakes delight indelighted to6thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.兴奋；紧张thrilled adj.兴奋的，激动的thrilling adj.令人感到兴奋的give sb. a thrill to do sth./of doing sth.做某事让某人感到激动be thrilled at/about/with sth.对感到兴奋即学即练6(1)The film _ the audience.那部电影对观众很有刺激性。(2)It was _ meet Yao Ming.能见到姚明的确是令人兴奋的事。(3)He _ the sight of her.见到她，他很兴奋。(4)I had a _ experience on the lake last Sunday.上周日在湖上我有一次激动人心的经历。thrilleda real thrill towas thrilled atthrilling7divide.into. 把分成divide.between/among/with. 和分担/分配/分享divide.by. 用除以divide.in half (two)/into halves 把分成两部分即学即练7(1)The train _ at York.这列火车在约克市调动车厢分途行驶。(2)The teacher _ the class _ small groups for a discussion. 老师把这班分成几个小组进行讨论。(3)We _ the work _ us.我们分担这项工作。(4)30 _ 6 is 5.30 除以6等于5。dividesdividedintodividebetween/amongdivided by8break away (from) 挣脱；脱离break down (机器)出故障；(讨论、谈判、希望、计划等)失败；打破；(化学)分解；身体垮掉break in 破门而入；打断break into 闯入；突然起来(后接 tears, laughter等)break out 战争爆发；(火灾)发生break off 折断，打断；突然停止讲话；休息；断绝；结束break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服break up 拆开，结束；解散即学即练8(1)It was wrong for him to _ all his good friends. 他和他的好朋友决裂是错误的。(2)The students were encouraged to _ the bad habits. 学生们被鼓励改掉坏习惯。(3)The elevators in the building are always _. 这幢楼里的电梯总出故障。break away frombreak away frombreaking down(4)Peace talks have _ over the question of reparations. 和谈因战后赔款问题而中止。(5)Bacteria _ the animal waste to form methane.细菌使动物粪便分解成沼气。(6)If Tim carries on working like this, hell _ sooner or later.如果蒂姆继续这样工作，身体迟早会垮掉。broken downbreak downbreak down9leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑leave about 乱放(东西)leave alone 别管；别惹；不打扰leave aside 搁置leave behind 留在后面；没带走leave for (go off to) 动身去leave off 停止；中断即学即练9(1)In copying this paper, be careful not to _ any word.抄这个文件时，注意不要漏掉任何一个字。You can _ the details; just give us the main facts.你可以省去细节，告诉我们主要的事实就行了。Dont _ our teachers _ from the invitations.请不要忘记邀请我们的老师们。leave outleave outleaveout(2)用适当的介、副词或形容词填空I think we should leave _ now and have a cup of tea.Can you tell me the time? I've left my watch _.She left _ an important detail in her account.Don't you think we'll leave _ the concert now?A railway station is no place for a child to be left _ at night.offbehindoutforalone10take the place of (replace) 代替；取代take place (事情)发生，产生；举办，举行take ones place 代替，接替in place of 代替in place 在适当的位置in the first place 最初，首先，第一即学即练10(1)Ill _ my father torun the company._ to run thecompany.我将代替我父亲管理公司。(2)Mr Li is ill, so Ill _him to give you lessons.give you lessons _ him.李老师生病了，因此我替代他给你们上课。take the place oftake my fathers placetake the place ofin place of(3)I cant go to the meeting myself, so Mary will _.我不能亲自出席会议，因此玛丽将替代我。(4)Their wedding will _ next month.他们下个月举行婚礼。(5)Please put the book _.请把书放在原处。take my placetake placein place.重点句型详解1Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous football teams and some of them even have two! 虽然，全国性的，这些城市不如中国的城市大，但是它们拥有世界著名的足球队，有的城市甚至有两支！those 在此为代词，用于表示比较的句型中，代指前面提到的复数名词 cities。辨析：one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it这几个词都用来指代前面提到的名词，但是所指内容不同。(1)one 代替上文提到的某个可数名词，表示泛指意义，一般指同类事物中的任何一个；而 the one代替上文提到的某个可数名词单数，表示特指。(2)ones 代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表泛指，一般指同类事物中的一些；而 the ones指代上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表示特指。(3)that 用来代替上文提到的名词，可以是可数名词单数形式，也可以是不可数名词，表示特指。如果代替可数名词单数形式，可以与 the one互换。(4)those是 that的复数形式，代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式，表示特指，可与 the ones 互换。(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一个人。I want to buy a house, one with a large garden.我想买一座房子，一座带有大花园的房子。The little boy doesn't like this apple; he wants the red one.小男孩不喜欢这个苹果，他想要那个红的。I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be thrown away. 我买了新椅子，那些旧的也该扔了。The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory.这自行车比我们厂生产的要便宜。(thatthe one)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本的多。(that 不用 the one 代替)The cars made here are better than those made in my hometown. 这里生产的小汽车比我家乡生产的好。Who is the person that shook hands with the foreigners? 那个和外宾握手的人是谁？It is our headmaster. 他是我们的校长。即境活用1(1)(2008·济南模拟)The language used in advertisement differs from _ used in ordinary reading.AWhich BwhatCthat Dit答案：C解析：代替前面的 the language应用 that。(2)(2007·陕西)There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow _？No, I'd rather buy _ in the bookstore.Ait; one Bone; oneCone; it Dit; it答案：A解析：第一空用 it指代上文中提到的那一本书；第二空用 one相当于 a copy，泛指“一本”。2It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。It seems/is strange that.“有点奇怪”，that 从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should 意为“竟然”，表示对过去发生的事情感到惊讶。拓展：在 “It is natural/important/necessary/a pity/a shamethat 从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词也用“should动词原形”结构；should 在这些句型中表示惊讶、气愤、惋惜等情感。It was strange that he should have said that!他竟然说那样的话，真是奇怪！Its a pity that he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose.机会出现时，他竟然没有抓住，真是遗憾。即境活用2You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours.I am sorry that you _ think so.Awould BcouldCshould Dmight答案：C解析：考查情态动词。答句句意：很抱歉你竟然这么想。should 有“竟然”的意思。易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考divide/separate(1)divide侧重于把一个整体分成若干部分，其后常接介词into, among, between等。(2)separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来。常与介词from搭配构成separate.from，意为“把和分开(隔)”；另外还有“离别，分手”之意。应用1(1)England is _ from France by the English Channel.(2)The teacher _ the class into 8 small groups.(3)He _ the cake among the children.(4)The childs parents have _.separateddividesdividedseparated2. quarrel/discuss/argue/debate(1)quarrel表示“争吵，争论”，着重指因意见不一而产生的激烈争论。常与about, over, with连用。(2)discuss用于一般场合，重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。(3)argue表示“争辩”，以支持或反对，尤指以说服某人为目的。常与about, over, with, against连用。(4)debate着重指在正式场合(比如国会)，和意见对立的一方进行全面的、彻底的辩论或争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。常见搭配为debate on/over sth.。应用2(1)I _ him out of going.(2)They _ the question openly.(3)He _ with his brother and rushed out.(4)Lets _ the matter over tea.argueddebatedquarreleddiscuss高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考.单词拼写1We have _(完成) all we set out to do.2The _(辉煌的) image of Lei Feng will forever live in the heart of the people.3Please come at your _ (方便)4The old man has a large _ (收集) of old china.5What he wrote isnt _(一致) with what he told us6F_ the paper along the dotted line.accomplishedsplendidconveniencecollectionconsistentFold7She was t_ with terror when she saw the scene of the murder.8I was d_ to be invited to her party.9We are going to Mount Tai for s_.10A finelooking gentleman in a military u_ has been standing across the corner watching you.thrilleddelightedsightseeinguniform .单项选择1(2010·甘肃天水一中)You can't imagine that the mayor who led a simple life _ be a person guilty of corruption.Amight BneedCshould Dwould答案：C解析：考查情态动词。语意：你无法想象那位生活简朴的市长竟然是个贪污犯。此处的should表示“竟然”。2(2010·陕西西安质检)Theory should by no means be separated from practice. _， it's important to combine theory with practice.AAs a result BBy the wayCTo be honest DIn other words答案：D解析：in other words表示“换句话说”；as a result表示“因此”；by the way表示“顺便问一下”；to be honest表示“老实说”。语意为：理论绝不可以脱离实践；换句话来说，将理论与实践结合起来非常重要。显然只有D项符合题意。3Don't worry. I've _ a car to pick up the guests at the station at 6 o'clock.Alooked for Bprepared forCsearched for Darranged for答案：D解析：arrange for.to do. 安排做。A.寻找；B.准备；C.寻找。4_ seems no need to wait any longer. The chances are that they won't turn up.AIt BHeCThere DThat答案：C解析：There seems no need to do sth为固定句型，意为“好像没有必要做” 5(2010·北京东城期末)Sorry, I'm late. The car _ down on my way here.Awas breaking Bhas brokenChad broken Dbroke答案：D解析：考查动词的时态。从前面的I'm late可知，“我的车在来时的路上抛锚”的动作发生在“过去”，因此，时态应该用一般过去时。6I can't see my old grandmother _ alone in the country, so I'll have her _ with me in the city.Aleave; staying Bleaving; to stayCleft; stay Dleft; stayed答案：C解析：第一空考查 see sb./sth. done；第二空考查 have sb. do。7(2010·湖北黄石二中)The little boy was so careless with his spelling that he often _ letters from words.Aleft out Bleft behindCleft off Dlet alone答案：A解析：考查动词短语辨析。leave out遗漏；leave behind留下，遗留；leave off停止，中断；let alone更不用说。依据前面提及的careless可知，这里应该是将单词的字母遗漏了。 8His suggestion _ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.Athat we go Bwhich we should goCthat we would go Dwhen we should go答案：A解析：该句 that we go to see the art exhibition 是 suggestion的同位语从句，需要用虚拟语气，其中的 should被省略了。9Would you please tell us something about the Group of Eight (G8)?Well, G8 is an international organization _ the richest countries in the world, five of which are quite small and two of which are island states.Ais consisted of Bconsisting ofCconsists of Dconsisted of答案：B解析：句中考查非谓语动词做后置定语，排除A、C项。consist of无被动语态，故选B。10I will come to pay a visit to you if _ this weekend.Ayou're convenientBit is convenient for youCyou feel convenientDit is convenient with you答案：B解析：convenient 主语不能是人，排除A、C项，且搭配介词 for，故选B。11_ to have a picnic here!AWhat great delight BHow great delightCWhat a great delight DHow a great delight答案：C解析：考查感叹句，句意为“在这里野餐真是一件令人愉快的事”。delight 用做可数名词，故选C。12(2010·陕西西安质检)It is hoped that this project _ by the end of 2011 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city.Abeing accomplished BaccomplishedCwill be accomplished Dto be accomplished答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句中的时间“by the end of 2011”可知，动作发生在将来，故用不定式表将来，又因project和accomplish之间是动宾关系，故选D项，不定式to be accomplished作project的后置定语，表示还没有发生的被动动作。13We _ the job _ five parts, and each man did one part.Adivided; into Bseparated; intoCdivided; from Dseparated; from答案：A解析：divide.into.把(整体)分成若干份。separate.from.把和分开。14Tom was thrilled _ captain of our school football team.Ato choose Bhaving been chosenCto have been chosen Dto be chosen答案：C解析：考查动词的搭配及不定式的用法。thrill做及物动词，意为“使激动，兴奋”。固定短语be thrilled to do sth意为“做某事(感到)兴奋；激动”，故排除B项；Tom与choose为动宾关系，因此A项亦不正确；不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作，故应用不定式的完成式。15It is commonly believed that it is _ too much money has been invested in real estate(房地产) _ has caused the crisis in Wall Street.Athat; that Bthat; whichCwhat; that Dbecause; that答案：A解析：考查强调句型及主语从句。句意为：普遍认为是在房地产业投资过多导致了华尔街危机。第一空是主语从句，that在从句中不做成分；第二空是强调句型It is.that.。 .阅读理解AOne of Britain's most popular reality TV programmes has returned to our screens for a fifth series. The Apprentice sees 16 ambitious individuals competing for a job with electronics tycoon(巨头) Sir Alan Sugar.The Apprentice is a BAFTA award winning British reality television series in which a group of aspiring young businessmen and women compete for the chance to win a 100 000ayear job as “apprentice” to the British business tycoon Alan Sugar, The Baron Sugar. Winners have gone on to work at Amstrad, an electronics manufacturing company founded by Sir Alan (but since sold to BSkyB), or one of Sugar's other companies, Viglen, Amsprop of Amshold. The Apprentice, billed as a “job interview from hell”， is similar in format to the American series of the same name, which stars the entrepreneur Donald Trump.With endless talk of financial crisis, redundancies(过剩) and cut backs, it may come as no surprise that thousands of brave hopefuls applied for the show. The chosen 16 will compete in a series of business tasks and do their best to escape elimination. Not one of them wants to hear the fateful words: you're fired.It should also be noted that this year's apprentices are not going to be allowed to forget the terrible economic climate quite so easily. At the launch of this year's TV show, Sir Alan announced that some episodes have been “specifically made towards recognition of what difficult times we are in”The tasks will as usual be tough tests of business wisdom, teamworking and leadership skill. They will also make for some funny viewing. British viewers will be shaking their heads in disbelief at the crazy decisions of the wannabe apprentices. But perhaps the most entertaining feature of the show will be watching the hopefuls squirm(局促不安) and quarrel in the boardroom. It is here they will have to explain just why they have failed each task so badly.What drives people to take part in the show is difficult to say. Some are clearly motivated by the promise of a sixfigure salary and some claim they want the experience of working with a successful businessman such as Sir Alan. One thing is for sure, the contestants will all gain some level of celebrity. The show is a regular ratings winner.To date, there has been one big winner and that is the show's creator, Mark Burnett. Originating in the US, The Apprentice's winning format has been copied all over the world and with the hype(炒作) surrounding this latest series, it looks as though the show will have success for many years to come.1What's the aim of contestants' taking part in The Apprentice?ATo acquire a good job.BTo meet famous people.CTo win some prize money.DTo obtain some experience.1答案及解析：A。细节题。本文主要介绍了The Apprenti