2013年高考英语《Unit 3 Computers》要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修2

111必修2Unit 3Computers 要 点 梳 理高效梳理·知识备考重点单词1calculate vt.计算calculator n计算器2universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的universe n宇宙universally adv.普遍地3simplify vt.简化simple adj.简单的4technology n工艺；科技；技术technological adj.科技的5revolution n革命revolutionary adj.革命的6intelligence n智力；聪明；智能intelligent adj.有才智的；聪明的7solve vt.解决；解答solution n解答8reality n真实；事实；现实real adj.真实的，真正的9personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的personally adv.亲自地10finance n金融；财经financial adj.金融的，财政的11explore vt. & vi.探索；探测；探究12anyhow adv.无论如何；即使如此13goal n目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分14signal vi. & vt.发信号 n信号15type n类型 vt. & vi.打字16arise vi.出现；发生17electronic adj.电子的重点短语1have.in common共有；共用2from.on 从时起3come into reality 成为现实4as a result 结果5in a way 在某种程度上6with the help of 在的帮助下7deal with 处理8watch over 看守；监视9give away 赠送10be crazy about 对着迷11make up 弥补；整理12after all 毕竟重点句型1And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！我的存储量变得如此巨大，甚至连我自己都不能相信！2Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.无论如何，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。高考范文(2009·北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响应绿化祖国的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全过程，给某英文杂志的“绿色行动”专栏写一篇以Green Action in Our Class为题的英文稿件。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：郊区 suburb_思路点拨1学生应该认真阅读提示，把握准情景和要求，使表达的内容不走题，本题创设的是骑车去植树的一系列情景。2根据情境的发展，按顺序安排好材料。本题应该按照活动内容：骑车、路上到达植树过程描述离开前照相简短感想的顺序完成。3学生应该注意层次分明，重点突出。本题的表达重点要放在植树的过程上，去的路上和植树后以及感想是次要的；可以按照三个层面写(1)植树路上；(2)植树过程；(3)植树完后和感想。范文Green Action in Our ClassApril 12th is memorable because our class had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way. Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some were carrying and planting trees. Others were watering them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. Before leaving we took some photos to record our green action. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement. We all think it's our duty to protect and beautify our environment.考 点 探 究互动探究·能力备考.词汇短语过关1total adj. 总的；全部的；整个的n总数；合计 v总数为；合计为totally adv. 完全地；整个地in total 总共；总计(totally)a total of 总数；总共(修饰名词复数时，谓语动词用复数)the total of.(谓语动词用单数)total up add up算出总数total (up) toadd up to总额为即学即练1What is _ these books？这些书的全部费用是多少？It cost me _ of 500 yuan._， it cost me 500 yuan.The cost _ 500 yuan.这些书总共花了我500元。the total cost ofa total ofIn totaltotalled up to2anyhow/anyway adv.(1)“无论如何，不管怎样；总之；尽管如此”。在作此意讲时，anyway和 anyhow一样，都用做让步状语，一般置于句中(其前常有连词 but)或句末。(2)“况且，更何况，再说，至少”。作此意讲时，两者都可用来做状语，对前面的话做补充，给出一个令人信服的理由，此时 anyhow常出现在句首或最后的分句之首，而不出现在句末。(3)“粗心地，随意地”，作此意讲时，只能用 anyhow。即学即练2写出下列句中anyhow的意思。(1)It may rain, but we shall go anyhow._(2)Anyhow, you can try, even if there's not much chance of success._(3)The work was done all anyhow._无论如何至少粗心地拓展：somehow adv. 由于某种未知的原因；不知怎么的；以某种方式；用某种方法；从某种角度。如：Somehow he was afraid of her. 不知怎的，他怕她。3signal vi. & vt.发信号 n信号a danger/warning/distress signal危险/警告/遇难信号traffic signals交通信号灯a stop signal停车信号signal(to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事signal to sb.向某人示意signal(sb.) that.示意即学即练3(1)All I get is _ whenever I dial his number.我什么时候拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。(2)He _ for the bill.他示意服务员结帐。(3)She _ follow her.她示意他跟她走。a busy signalsignalled the waitersignalled him to4type n类型，种类，样式 v打字a rare blood type罕见的血型different racial types不同的人种type up打印出来即学即练4(1)She mixes with _ people.她和各种类型的人打交道。(2)How fast can you _？你打字有多快？(3)This letter needs _ again.这封信需要再打一遍。all types oftypeto be typed5arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生；起身，起立(1)“出现，开始，呈现”，多用抽象名词做主语。(2)表示“起因于，由产生”，通常用做arise from/put of。(3)表“起身”之意，为正式或旧式用法。即学即练5(1)I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have _.我本来想事情会很容易，但是出现了许多问题。(2)Accidents _ carelessness.事故由粗心大意引起。(3)A heavy mist _ the lake.湖面起了浓雾。(4)He _ his seat.他从座位上站起来。arisenarise fromarose fromarose from6as a result 结果；因此as a result of 由于；作为的结果result in (cause)导致；致使result from (be caused by) 起因于；因而引起即学即练6(1) Hard work _ success.努力终归成功。(2) Success _ hard work.成功来自于努力工作。(3)He was ill. _， he didn't go to school.他生病了。因此，他没去上学。(4)_ his illness, he didn't go to school.由于生病，他没去上学。results inresults fromAs a resultAs a result of7in a way在某种程度上all the way一路上；一直；完全by way of经由；途经by the way顺便说in the way妨碍，挡路in this way以这种方法in no way决不，无论如何都不on the way在途中on ones way to.在某人去的途中； 即将成为give way (to)让步，屈服即学即练7(1)You are quite right _.从某一方面来讲，你完全正确。(2)Its surprising that so many people should go abroad _ Hong Kong.竟然有这么多的人途经香港去国外，真让人吃惊。(3)_ can we miss the chance that someone will be sent abroad for further education.我们决不能错过这个被派往国外深造的机会。in a wayby way ofIn no way(4)Our employer will not _ our demands for higher wages.我们的雇主不会对我们增加工资的要求让步。(5)Dont stand _.不要妨碍别人。give way toin the way8deal with处理；安排；对付即学即练8写出下列deal with的意思。(1)There are too many difficulties for us to deal with._(2)He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations._ (3)Deal with a man as he deals with you._ (4)This is a book dealing with Asian problems._处理应付对付关于；论及(5)They have learned to deal with various persons._比较：deal with, do with(1)deal with意思是“处理，谈论，对付”以及“与做买卖”，表示处理时，常与连接副词how连用。I dont know how to deal with him.我不知道如何对付他。(2)do with意思是“对待，处理，利用，与有关”，表示“对待”时宾语是人，相当于treat；表示“处理，利用”时，常与连接代词what连用。I dont know how they deal with the problem.I dont know what they do with the problem.我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。与往来/相处9watch over 看守；监视watch for sth. 盼望或等待某事物watch out 小心；留神；注意(用于提醒、警示)watch out for sb./sth. 警惕或注意某人/物keep (a) watch on 监视on the watch for 看守着，监视着即学即练9(1)They _ by three policemen.他们由三个警察看守着。(2)She _ her chance to speak.她等机会发言。(3)_！ There is a car coming.注意！有车来了。(4)_ the pickpockets！当心有扒手！were watched overwatched forWatch outWatch out for.重点句型详解1And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it! 我的存储量变得如此巨大，甚至连我自己都不能相信！so.that. 如此以致。 that 引导结果状语从句。另外， such.that.也引导结果状语从句。其结构形式为：soadj./adv.adj.a/an可数名词单数many/few可数名词复数much/little不可数名词that 从句sucha/anadj.可数名词单数adj.可数名词复数adj.不可数名词that 从句She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.她兴奋得睡不着觉。It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.(It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.)天气如此热，谁也不想干活。I made so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.我的作文中出了许多错误，老师批评了我。拓展：(1)当 so./such.位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.那个标记非常小，我几乎看不见它。(2)so.that.中的主句和从句的主语是同一个，that 从句也可改为 as to do 形式。The old lady was so kind that she led me to the hospital.The old lady was so kind as to lead me to the hospital.这个老太太是那样好心，她把我领到了医院。(3)so that 连在一起用，可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句。so that引导目的状语从句时，从句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/would/should 等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用 can和 may等词，在 so that前可以有逗号，意思是“因此；所以”。He hurried up so that he could catch the train.他匆匆赶路为的是赶上火车。(对比：He hurried up so that he caught the train. 他匆匆赶路，结果赶上了火车。)即境活用1(1)_about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.ASo curious the couple wasBSo curious were the coupleCHow curious the couple wereDThe couple was such curious解析：考查 so.that.引导结果状语从句，且 so.放于句首时，句子部分倒装。答案：B (2)Most children need encouragement in time of failure _ they can cheer up again.Aso thatBin caseCbecause Dif解析：考查 so that 引导目的状语从句。答案：A2Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.无论如何，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。of high quality在句中做定语，属于ofn.结构。这一结构相当于形容词，在句中可以做表语、定语或宾语补足语。(1)ofn.结构中的名词是抽象名词时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有：use, importance, help, value, interest, benefit 等。这些名词前可用 great, no, little, some, any, not much 等修饰，以表示不同程度。The camel is of great help to the Arab.(The camel is very helpful to the Arab.)骆驼对阿拉伯人有很大帮助。(2)ofn.结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此时名词前通常有冠词。常用的名词有：size, type, kind, price, height, depth, length, weight, age, shape, colour 等。The two are of an age, but are of different height.这两个人年龄相同，但身高不同。(3)ofn.结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍以及出处的名词，常用的名词有：family, blood, race, origin 等。We are of the same blood. 我们是同一血统。(4)ofn.结构还可以表示人的特点、特性，常用 ofwealth/education/courage/achievement/ability 等。Your sister is a girl of wisdom.你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。即境活用2You will find this map of great _ in helping you to get around London.Aprice BcostCvalue Dusefulness解析：be of great valuebe very valuable “很有价值”。答案：C易 错 点 拨自我完善·误区备考1. symbol/sign/signal/mark均含“标志，象征，符号”之意。(1)symbol指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。(2)sign普通用词，指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。(3)signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。(4)mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。应用1(1)Red cross is a _ for hospital.(2)A red light is usually a _ of danger.(3)Make a _ where you dont understand.(4)Are dark clouds a _ of rain?(5)A dove(鸽子) is a _ for peace.ignsignalmarksignsymble2. arise/arouse/rise/raise(1)arise 是不及物动词，在现代英语中主要用于借喻，指“出现，发生，产生”。(2)arouse 是及物动词，指“唤醒，激起”，后常跟抽象名词。(3)rise是不及物动词，使用范围较广，指“升起，上升，增长”，也可指“起立，起床，地位升高”等。(4)raise 是及物动词，用在句中，后面需跟宾语。一般指“升起，举起，增加(程度、价格等)；提高(音量)；提出；种植(农作物)；养育；抚育(子女)”。应用2(1)The river is _ after the rain.(2)He _ his hand in the hope of being asked.(3)His strange behaviour _ our suspicions.(4)New problems _ every day.risingraisedarousedarise提示：原形过去式过去分词v.ingarise(vi.)arosearisenarisingarouse(vt.)arousedarousedarousingrise(vi.)roserisenrisingraise(vt.)raisedraisedraising高 效 作 业自我测评·技能备考.单词拼写1Don't lose heart. _(无论如何), you can try.2I'm sorry to say that I _ (彻底地) forgot about it.3In most maths examinations senior high school students are allowed to use _ (计算器) in the exams.4Credit cards have brought about a _(革命) in people's spending habits.5Unfortunately, a new difficulty has _ (出现了)Anyhow/Anywaytotallycalculatorsrevolutionarisen 6With the development of t_， more and more practical machines have been invented.7P_ speaking, I'm not in favour of the plan.8He's very clever and of high i_.9At first, I thought these flowers were real, but they are a_.10Which t_ of tea do you prefer?technologyPersonallyintelligenceartificialtype .单项选择1While there are quite a few differences in the education systems in many countries, education is _.AusualBregularCnormal Duniversal答案：D解析：句意：许多国家的教育体制有许多不同之处，然而教育却是普及的。A.通常的；B.定期的，有规律的，C.正常的，D.普及的，普遍的。2Our school is very large. _， the number of the students _ 3 500.ATogether; is BAltogether; areCIn all; are DIn total; is答案：D解析：in total in all altogether是“总共，总计”的意思。 the number ofn. 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。3I am not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow. _， I will try every possible means to come to the party.AEven though BAnyhowCIf so DInstead答案：B解析：句意为“我不敢肯定明天我是否有其他的事，但无论如何，我将尽可能来参加这个聚会”。4I think he is taking an active part in social work.I agree with you _.Ain a way Bon the wayCby the way Din the way答案：A解析：考查介词短语。in a way “从某种意义上”，合题意。5You may not agree, but _ I think she is a very good girl.Agenerally BtrulyCpersonally Dcommonly答案：C解析：考查副词。表示“依个人而言”用 personally。6What a beautiful day!Yes, it's _ that I'd like to take a walk.Asuch nice weather Bso a nice weatherCsuch a nice weather Dso nice weather答案：A解析：weather 是不可数名词，故用 suchadj.weather。7Should the chance _， I'd love to go abroad.Arise BraiseCarise Darouse答案：C解析：主语为抽象名词 the chance，故选 arise。8What a noise! I can hardly stand it.It _ as if they are having a party next door.Alooks BsoundsCfeels Dhappens答案：B解析：考查 It sounds as if.“听起来像”。9The terrible war lasted eight years._， wives lost their husbands, parents lost their sons, and children lost their fathers.AAs a result BAs a result ofCInstead DHowever答案：A解析：句子强调因果关系，排除C、D项。B项应加上宾语，即 as a result of the war。10Last summer I took a course on _ poisonous gases.Ahow to deal with Bwhat to deal withChow to be dealt with Dwhat to be dealt with答案：A解析：考查 deal with的用法。11He minds so much about his position in the office that he _ any chance to be promoted.Awatches out Blooks upCpoints out Dwatches for答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。“盼望、等待提升的机会”用 watch for。watch out小心；look up 查找；point out 指出。12_ the help of the teacher, the student who wasnt good at math _ the difficult problem quickly.AUnder; worked out BWith; worked onCUnder; solved DWith; solved答案：D解析：solve解决。另外“在某人的帮助下”用with the help of sb.来表达。13In September 2008, Chinas key milestone in space travel _ when Zhai Zhigang conducted the first spacewalk.Areached Bwas reachedChas reached Dhad been reached答案：B解析：由句中时间状语In September 2008可知应用过去时态。另外，主语Chinas key milestone与动词reach之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。主从句动作不存在先后关系，故D项不对。14_ about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.ASo curious he was BSo curious was heCSuch curious he was DSuch curious was he答案：B解析：soadj./adv.做表语放在句首时，主谓倒装。15Lets go swimming, shall we?_.AIts my pleasure BIt doesnt matterCYes, lets go DI agree with you答案：C解析：考查建议及应答。由于第一句是问句，需要回答，所以D项不正确。 .阅读理解AGrandpa Nybakken loved lifeespecially when he could play a trick on somebody. At those times, his large Norwegian frame shook with laughter while he pretended innocent surprise, exclaiming, “Oh, forevermore！” But on a cold Saturday in downtown Chicago, Grandpa felt that God played a trick on him, and Grandpa wasn't laughing.Grandpa worked as a carpenter. On this particular day, he was building some boxes for the clothes his church was sending to an orphanage abroad. On his way home, he reached into his shirt pocket to find his glasses, but they were gone. He remembered putting them there that morning, so he drove back to the church. His search proved fruitless.Suddenly, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket unnoticed and fallen into one of the boxes, which he had nailed shut. His brand new glasses were heading for China!The Great Depression was at its height, and Grandpa had six children. He had spent twenty dollars for those glasses that very morning.“It's not fair，” he told God as he drove home in frustration. “I've been very faithful in giving of my time and money to your work, and now this.”Several months later, the director of the orphanage was on vacation in the United States. He wanted to visit all the churches that supported him, so he came to speak on Sunday night at my grandfather's small church in Chicago. Grandpa and his family sat in their usual seats among the small congregation (教堂会众)“But most of all，” he said, “I must thank you for the glasses you sent last year.”“Even if I had the money, there was simply no way of replacing those glasses. Along with not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day, so my coworkers and I were much in prayer about this. Then your boxes arrived. When my staff removed the covers, they found a pair of glasses lying on the top.” After a long pause, he continued, “Folks, when I tried on the glasses, it was as though they had been custommade just for me! I want to thank you for being a part of that！”The people listened, happy for the amazing glasses. But the director surely must have confused their church with another; they thought, there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent overseas.But sitting quietly in the back, with tears streaming down his face, an ordinary carpenter realized the Master Carpenter had used him in an extraordinary way.1. Which of the following is NOT true about Grandpa Nybakken according to the passage?A. He was an outgoing man and held an active attitude towards life.B. He had a large family to support.C. He was a carpenter working in the church.D. He was a loyal Christian.答案及解析：1. C。 A选项根据第一段可以判断，B选项根据Grandpa had six children可以判断，D选项根据I've been very faithful in giving of my time and money to your work可以判断。文章第二段只是表明祖父是个木匠，那天只是在教堂帮帮忙，并没有说他在那工作。 2. Grandpa spent much of his time and money in church mainly to _.A. help the priest do some religious work B. help those people in needC. make some woodwork for the churchD. seek some help from God答案及解析：2. B。根据文章可以知道祖父信仰上帝，而上帝的工作就是福泽人们，所以他会去帮助别人。A在文章中没有提及，C、D不是祖父的目的。3. The people in the church but Grandpa felt confused at what the director said because _.A. Grandpa didn't tell the director that he was the owner of the glassesB. the director wanted to return the glasses even though he liked it C. the director could not get such glasses in their own countryD. the glasses were not included in the donation list答案及解析：3. D。根据there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent overseas” 可以判断。4. Who does “the Master Carpenter” in the last paragraph probably refer to?A. Grandpa's master. B. One of Grandpa's friends. C. God.D. Grandpa's coworker.答案及解析：4. C。答案与文章第一段中的Grandpa felt that Godplayed a trick on him相照应，最后一段中的an ordinary carpe nter指的就是祖父，the Master Carpenter指的是God，耶稣也曾是木匠。5. Which can be the best title of the passage?A. Grandfather's Life B. The Helpful DonationC. The Perfect MistakeD. An Impressive Speech答案及解析：5. C。根据文章的描述，祖父因为不小心把眼镜掉进了运送募捐物品的箱子中，然而这副眼镜却给了受捐赠者极大的帮助。所以这是一次“美丽的失误”。B The largest earthquake (magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacificwide tsunamis(海啸). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloethe coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion,