钢铁材料的许用应力

材材料性能£压弯曲扭转剪切料类材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处理抗拉强度0-b屈服强度bsInmInmInmInm型/MPa(Tl(Tl(Tl(T(T(TmpmTTT普Q215执bb335410bs185215145125901751401059590601009060通碳Q235100舔扎bb375460bs205235160140100190160120105956511010070钢Q275bb490610bs235275175150110210170130115105701201108020正bb410bs2451751451052101651251151057012010575bb450bs275优25火195160115230175135125115751351208035<100bb530bs3152101801252502001501351208014512085质调质bb550750bs3203702101851302502051551351258514512085碳45正火bb600bs3552302001452702201701501359016014095调质bb630800bs370430250215150300235180160150100175150100钢50<25正火bb630bs375250215150300235180160150100175150100<100调质bb>700bs>400265235165310260195170155105180160110表2碳钢铸件基本许用应力/MPa材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处理材料性能拉压弯曲扭转剪切抗拉强度0-b屈服强度bs/MPaInmInmInmInm(Tl(Tl(Tl(T(T(TmpmTTTZG200400100正火及回火bb400bs20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230450bb450bs23015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270500bb500bs2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310570bb570bs3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340640bb640bs3402001801302402051551301158714012087表3灰铸铁基本许用应力/MPa材料标号壁厚/mm抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa中心抗压弯曲ffl剪压拉拉压InInmInmInm(TlCTlCTlCTlCTlTTTTTTHT-150>2.51050070017514080502820503023452418>102014514080412417412519372015>203013014080372115372217331813>305012014080341914342115311712HT-200>2.510600800220170100633625633828573123>1020195170100563222563325502720>2030170170100492819492922442417>3050160170100462618462721412216HT-250>4.0108001000270230130774431774635693728>1020240230130693927694131623325>2030220230130633625633828573123>3050200230130573223573426512821HT-300>102010001200290285160834733835037754030>2030250285160714129714332643526>3050230285160663726663930593224HT-350>102011001300340315180975539975844874735>2030290315180834733835037754030>3050260315180744230744433673627附表钢铁的许用应力（kgf/cm2）载荷软钢中硬钢铸钢钢铁I9001500120018006001200300拉伸n60010008001200400600200m300500400600200400100i9001500120018009001500900压缩n600100080012006001000600i9001500120018007501200弯曲n60010008001200500800m300500400600250400i72012009601440480960300剪切n480800640960320640200m240400320480160320100i60012009001440480960扭转n400800640960320640m200400320480160320（注）载荷指I:静载荷n:重复载荷m:交变载荷表4许用弯曲应力b3材料极限强度bkgf/cm2许用应力bkgf/cm2稳定载荷冲击或脉动载荷反复交变载荷40001300700400嘛素50001700750450TlJ60002000950550700023001100650800027001300750合金钢10000330016009004000100050030050001200700400表5轴的常用材料及许用弯曲应力30钢号处理毛坯宜径(mm)机械性台匕北硬度HB许用弯曲应力3wkgf/cm2(Tb2kgf/mm0-s2kgf/mm(T-1.r,2kgf/mm正火25543226<1871100正火<1005227251431871050正火>100300502624143187100035正火+回火>300500482423137187960>500750462322131187920调质<100563026.51632011100>100300542825.51442011080正火25613628<2411150正火<100603027.51702071150正火>100300582927163207113045正火+回火>3005005628261562071080>5007005427251492071050调质<200653630187229125025907546160035SiMn<1008052402292861400调质>100300754535217269140042SiMn>300400704032.52172551350>400500653831.5197255130040MB调质2510080501750<2007550362402901450<100756038228286150038SiMo调质> 100300> 30050072553621726914507050351972411400>50080060403018624112502510080501750<100755237241286150040Cr调质>1003007050352412861480>3005006540312292601300>5008006035292172601200注：表中3-1适用丁4N8,如果光洁度提高或降低，b-1应相应提高或降低515%表6轴类零件允许变形的参考数值变形名称变形允许值挠度V一般用途的轴需要提高刚度的转轴安装齿轮的轴安装蜗轮的轴v=(0.00030.0005)iv=0.0002lv=(0.010.05)mnv=(0.010.05)mt转角9滑动轴承向心球轴承向心球面轴承圆柱滚子轴承圆锥滚子轴承安装齿轮的轴承9=0.001rad0=0.005rad9=0.005rad9=0.0025rad9=0.0016rad9=0.001rad注：I轴承之间的长度（mm）；mn齿轮法面模数（mm）；Mt蜗轮的端面模数（mm）表7轴弯曲的允许变形量30名称挠度允许值fcm一般用途的轴刚度要求局的轴安装齿轮的轴安装蜗轮的轴0.00030.0005c(跨度)0.0002i0.010.030.020.05名称倾角允许值0rad装齿轮或滑动轴承处向心球轴承处向心球面轴承处短圆柱滚子轴承处圆锥滚子轴承处9=0.0019=0.0059=0.0059=0.00259=0.0016