高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练（五）51

河南杞县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（五）【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnessed a group of migrating birds? If so, you probably noted the V-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-like formation. Why do birds fly this way? Many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different types of birds. One theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advantage of the laws of nature. The birds know that flying in a V-shaped pattern will save energy. Like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lead bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. This decrease in wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less energy during their flight. When the lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position. But saving energy is important for more than one reason. Sometimes food is short during migration flights. Keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals. When food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a different way. When a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it might turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. Then, this bird becomes the new leader. It helps guarantee that other birds will know exactly where it is going. Then the whole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from the sky down to the ground. This formation is like an arrow pointing to the location of food. Scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-like formation. Researchers believe that the birds come together if a predator（天敌） is spotted. The predator may then become impatient waiting for a single bird to fly away from the group. The birds will often dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persistent enemy. Scientists report that this is a very effective method of defense against an attack. The birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. As transportation expert Henry Ford once said, “If everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” When it comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring success!1. According to the passage, we can learn that birds _. A. move faster than cyclists B. prefer to fly in a V formationC. are smarter than other animalsD. play different roles in a formation 2. When food is sighted, _.A. the group follows the discoverer B. the lead bird decides what to doC. the discoverer leaves the group D. the whole group forms a stream3. To protect themselves from attack, birds will _ .A. break into groupsB. come close together C. change directionsD. fly up and down4. Which is the best title for the passage?A. A Birds-Eye View of Teamwork.B. Success Takes Care of Itself. C. The Strongest Will Survive.D. A Science Behind Flying.【参考答案】14、DAB A阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Plants cant communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flowers sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees. Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs awayor even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies. Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The“e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when theyre attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants. The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software. To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, peper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damageby insects or with a hole punchhad been done to the tomato leaves. With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future. 1. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by.A. making some soundsB. waving their leavesC. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals2. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked? A. They presented it with all common crops.B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.C. They collected different damaged leaves.D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.3. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can.A. pick out ripe fruits B. spot the insects quicklyC. distinguish different damages to the leaves D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves4. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose.A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers B. is not yet used in greenhousesC. is designed by scientists at Purdue D. is helpful in killing harmful insects【参考答案】14、CDCB【2014高考英语联考试题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。As demand for power and fuel grows steadily in the coming decades, we must consider every possible energy source on hand if were to meet the worlds needs. And because clean natural gas is found in great plenty, there is little doubt that it will play a major role on the world energy stage in this century, much like oil did in the last. But, like oil, gas reserves are concentrated in just a few places in the world, usually far from where theyre needed most. And thats only part of the challenge. The world has had well over 100 years to search for oil and to build the necessary facilities to bring it to market; the natural gas facilities, particularly when it comes to liquefied（液化）natural gas（LNG）, are not nearly as developed. So what needs to be done? On the supply side, producing nations need policies that allow for better development of their natural gas in an open, stable business environment, notonein which the rules of the game change without warning. The governments of consuming nations, on the other hand, must make policies for sustainable（可持续的）development to ensure theyll have enough supplies in the future. That means building the related facilities, including LNG stations. This, in turn, will require coastal areas to allow these necessary, but not necessarily pretty, facilities to be built in their backyards. And energy companies have a responsibility to be good neighbors in those areas by operating these facilities responsibly and safely. They must also continue to put in the billions of dollars needed to build the complex transport and storage facilities required to bring more gas to market. Expanding and diversifying（使多样化）energy sources by using more natural gas could lead to lower fuel prices and to greater energy security. Weve taken some of the steps to get started, but we need your help to get the rest of the way.41. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Gas played a major part in the 20th century. B. Gas reserves are widely spread around the world.C. Natural gas facilities are far from satisfactory. D. Necessary facilities are ready to bring gas to market.42. The underlined word "one"（in Paragraph 2）refers to _.A. a gas supply side B. a policy for gas development C. a gas consuming nation D. a business environment43. Consuming nations of natural gas need to _.A. have long-term policies for gas supply B. open markets in their backyardsC. build pretty facilities along the coast D. change the rules of the game44. The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. warn people of the lack of power and fuel B. discuss the importance of oil and natural gasC. instruct people how to make use of energy sourcesD. call for better use and development of natural gas 45. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about _.A.which countries are in great need of gas B. where energy sources are concentratedC. what kind of help you can offer D. what problems of energy sources we may face【参考答案】4145 CDADC 【2014高考英语联考试题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I carry a Rubiks Cube (魔方) in my backpack. Solving it quickly is a terrific conversation starter. I usually ask people to try it first. They just turn the cube over in their hands, not even knowing where to begin. Thats exactly what it was like for me to learn how to read. Letters and words were out of order. Nothing made sense because I am dyslexic.The Rubiks Cube has made me believe that sometimes you have to take a few steps back in order to move forward. This was a reflection of my own life when I had to leave public school after the fourth grade. Its embarrassing to admit, but I still couldnt always spell my full name correctly. As a fifth-grader at a new school specializing in whats called “language-processing disorder”, I had to start over. I then spent the next four years learning how to learn and find strategies that allowed me to return to my districts high school with the ability to communicate my ideas and express my intelligence. Now, I can easily solve the 555. I discover that just before it is solved, a problem can look like a mess, and then suddenly you can find the solution. Early in my Rubiks career, I became so frustrated that I took the cube apart and rebuilt it. I believe that sometimes you have to look deeper and find answers in unexpected places. The Rubiks cube taught me that to accomplish something big, it helps to break it down into small pieces. I learned that its important to spend a lot of time thinking, to try to find connections and patterns. I believe that there are surprises around the corner.Like life itself, the Rubiks cube can be frustrating puzzle. So everyday I carry a Rubiks cube in my backpack as a reminder that I can achieve my goals, no matter what obstacles I face. 46. The author took the Rubiks Cube apart because _.A. he couldnt work out how to solve it B. he hated it and wanted to destroyed itC. he wanted to learn how to rebuild itD. he was eager to find the connections47. The underlined word “dyslexic” in Paragraph 1 probably means a person who has trouble with _.A. rememberingB. readingC. speakingD. listening48. Why did the author leave the public school?A. He had to take steps back in order to relearn the basic things at another school.B. He was so crazy about the Rubiks Cube that he wanted to solve it first.C. His interest shifted to learning how to communicate with other people.D. He was afraid to go to the public school because he could not spell his name.49. The author carries a Rubiks Cube in his backpack to _.A. start conversations with strangersB. compete with othersC. take it apart and rebuild itD. encourage him to succeed50. Which would be the best title for the text?A. Unforgettable Lessons About Life B. Approaches to Solving the Rubiks CubeC. Accomplishing Big Things in Small Stages D. Surprises Around the Corner【参考答案】4650 ABADC 【2014高考英语联考试题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。From now on, never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem. Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are the perennial(长期的) victims and martyrs（殉道者）. They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance. Successful people realize that they are responsible.Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.If you associate with positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success. On the contrary, the opposite happens. We are responsible for finding, planting, and nurturing the seeds that contain future victory, born from setbacks.In short, in all areas of your life, whether they be financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.51. People with low self-esteem are compared to leaves because they_. A. are ready to change their minds B. cant exercise control over themselves C. dont have the power to face their fate D. are easily affected by windy weather52. Losers would think that_. A. success is the result of hard work B. their failure is only because of bad luck C.working hard will lead to success D. they dont make efforts to succeed53. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that_. A. setting our expectations is essential before taking action B. developing confidence is the key to future success C. thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind D. whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes 54. The last paragraph serves as_. A. the proof of the authors points B. an introduction to another topic C. the conclusion of the argument D. a comparison between two views55. Which is the best title for the text? A.Develop our confidence.B. The secrets of success. C. Success is a choice. D. How to achieve success.【参考答案】5155 BBDCC