【新视野大学英语读写教程第二册】Unit 1 TimeConscious Americans讲义

Time-Conscious Americans DLead-in课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C E Are there any proverbs bound up with time in both Chinese and American cultures?课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作Back随随 笔笔 1)Time is money.TipsTipsN H C EN H C E时间就是金钱。时间就是金钱。/一寸光阴一寸金。一寸光阴一寸金。2)Time is life and when the idle man kills time,he kills himself.时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。时间就是生命，懒人消耗时间就是消耗自己的生命。3)Time flies like an arrow,and time lost never returns.光阴似箭，一去不返。光阴似箭，一去不返。4)Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不等人。岁月不等人。Do you know what Americans do with time?N H C EN H C E1)They commit themselves to creating a steady flow of time-saving devices,such as TipsTips课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作Back2)They seldom waste time assessing others over small talks or meals;3)They carry around their pocket planners to keep track of appointments and deadlines;4)They do their utmost to squeeze more life out of their time;5)They see punctuality as the soul of business;6)They always do their business in a hurry 随随 笔笔 Pre-reading ActivitiesN H C EN H C E课文课文小结小结导入导入写作写作Listen and Answer Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入复合听写复合听写 视頻讨论视頻讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EDirections:Listen to a passage about peoples attitude toward time in the US and answer the following questions according to what you hear.2.What is considered to be a waste of time in the US?1.What precious resource do Americans value?3.What do you think of time-conscious Americans?(open-ended)Key:Time.Key:Short conversations or small exchanges with strangers.Tapescript Compound Dictation听力简答听力简答视頻讨论视頻讨论For Details随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E Directions:You will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S8 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered S9 to S11 you are required to fill in missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Now listen to the passage.Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入Compound Dictation N H C EN H C E To Americans,punctuality is a way of showing respect for other peoples time.Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an S01 _,and maybe an explanation.People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the S02 _.American S03 _ show how much people respect the time of others.When people plan an event,they often set the time days or weeks in S04 _.apologydelaylifestylesadvanceBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入听力简答听力简答视頻讨论视頻讨论随随 笔笔 Compound Dictation N H C EN H C EOnce the time is fixed,it takes almost an S05 _ to change it.If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit,they will usually call first to make sure it is S06 _.Only very close friends will just“drop by”unannounced.Also,people S07 _ to call others late at night for fear they might be in bed.The time may S08 _,but most folks think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.To outsiders,Americans seem tied to the clock.S09 _.emergencyconvenient hesitate varyBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入 People in other cultures value relationships more than schedules听力简答听力简答视頻讨论视頻讨论随随 笔笔 Compound Dictation N H C EN H C EIn these societies,people dont try to control time,but to experience it.S10 _.The rhythm of naturefrom the passing of the seasons to the monthly cycle of the moon shapes their view of events.People learn to respond to their environment.S11 _.Many Eastern cultures,for example,view time as a cycle As a result,they find it easier to“go with the flow”than Americans,who like plans to be fixed and unchangeable Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入听力简答听力简答视頻讨论视頻讨论随随 笔笔 Watch&DiscussDirections:Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows:Video watchingWhat should we do with time?What does time mean to us?keykey听力简答听力简答复合听写复合听写 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入Time Is Life视频文件放在这个绿视频文件放在这个绿色的框内，不要超出色的框内，不要超出去。也不要遮挡绿框去。也不要遮挡绿框的黑边。的黑边。What does time mean to us?When asked what time really means,different people may come up with distinctive replies.A man of practical mind would say time is money,while a man of wisdom would say time is life.N H C EN H C EA western philosopher used to say“The greatest sacrifice is the sacrifice of time.”whereas we have an old Chinese saying“An inch of time cannot be bought by an inch of gold”.Clearly,although people are different in approach,they all agree that time is precious.Despite the fact that time is valuable,people deal with time in different ways.For example,Americans value time as something irrecoverable while Chinese treat time as something enjoyable.Besides,to the American businessmen,time signifies money.返回返回Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入They seize every golden minute to make money.By contrast,to the Chinese businessmen,time means an interpersonal network.They seize every occasion to get it into shape.For more For more For more 听力简答听力简答复合听写复合听写 随随 笔笔 What should we do with time?N H C EN H C EJust as we have seen,time is indeed a precious resource as every one of us is endowed with lifetime only once.As the saying goes,“All time is no time when it is past.”(光阴一去不复返光阴一去不复返)As new hopes for the rise of China,we college students have an obligation to treasure our time and work hard at the task of saving time.The waste of time in our eyes should be the equivalent of killing ones life,while the awareness of time should be equal to cherishing ones life.Therefore,we should make best of our time,devoting all our time,energy and attention to what counts much to our life.返回返回Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入Only when we pour our lifetime into the valuable things will we never feel guilty of the life we have spent.And on our deathbeds we will not be cursed with the idea that we have idled away our life.For more For more 听力简答听力简答复合听写复合听写 随随 笔笔 Text StudyN H C EN H C E预习预习小结小结导入导入写作写作课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E1.budgetv./vi./n.制定预算；制定预算；C 预算预算2.chargev.向向收费，要价收费，要价3.acutea.敏感的，敏锐的；严重的敏感的，敏锐的；严重的4.hourglass n.C（计时用的）沙漏（计时用的）沙漏 5.restlessa.烦躁的；不安静的烦躁的；不安静的 restlesslyad.烦躁地；不安静地烦躁地；不安静地6.elbowvt./n.用肘推（或撞）人；用肘推（或撞）人；C肘肘7.abrupta.粗鲁的，无礼的；突然的粗鲁的，无礼的；突然的8.openinga./n.开始的；开业典礼；空缺职位开始的；开业典礼；空缺职位 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C E9.ritual a./n.例行的；例行的；C,U惯例惯例10.interaction n.C,U 交流；相互作用交流；相互作用11.conventionn.C,U习俗，惯例；习俗，惯例；C会议会议12.leisuren.U 空闲；空闲；U悠闲，安逸悠闲，安逸 leisurelya.从容的；不匆忙的从容的；不匆忙的13.assess vt.评价，评估评价，评估14.surroundings n.(pl.)周围的事物；环境周围的事物；环境15.probev./n.调查，探究；调查，探究；C 探针探针16.social a.社会的；社交的社会的；社交的Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E sociallyad.与社会与社会(或社交或社交)相关地相关地17.tickvi./n.滴答响；滴答响；sing.滴答声滴答声18.consequently ad.因此，所以因此，所以19.devicen.C 装置；方法，手段装置；方法，手段20.faxn.C 传真；传真机传真；传真机21.emailn.C,U 电子邮件电子邮件22.givenprep.如果考虑到如果考虑到23.gatheringn.C集会，聚会集会，聚会24.impersonality n.U 无人情味无人情味Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E25.electronica.使用电子设备的；电子的使用电子设备的；电子的26.significancen.sing.,U重要性；重要意义重要性；重要意义27.conductvt./n.实施；传导；实施；传导；U行为，举止行为，举止28.increasingly ad.日益；愈加日益；愈加29.conferencen.C（正式）会议（正式）会议 teleconferencen.C 远程会议远程会议30.obtainvt.获得，得到获得，得到31.superba.极好的极好的32.whereasconj.然而；但是然而；但是Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E33.postala.邮政的；邮寄的邮政的；邮寄的34.efficienta.效率高的效率高的35.impolitea.无礼的，失礼的无礼的，失礼的36.elapsevi.（时间）过去，逝去（时间）过去，逝去37.skillful a.熟练的；有技巧的熟练的；有技巧的 skillfulnessn.U 熟练；技巧熟练；技巧petenta.有能力的；能干的；胜任的有能力的；能干的；胜任的39.fulfillvt.履行；执行；实现；完成履行；执行；实现；完成40.capitaln.sing.,U资本；资金资本；资金 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E致力于；从事于致力于；从事于 work at 同时发生；伴随同时发生；伴随 go with 匆忙地匆忙地 in a rush 由于由于 due to 亲身；亲自亲身；亲自 in person 大量投入（精力或金钱等）大量投入（精力或金钱等）pour into 用完；耗尽用完；耗尽 run out 导致；造成导致；造成的结果的结果result in 落在落在后面后面 fall behind Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Para.1 Americans believe no one stands still.If you are not moving ahead,you are falling behind.This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching,experimenting and exploring.Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the other being labor.词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Para.2“We are slaves to nothing but the clock,”it has been said.Time is treated as if it were something almost real.We budget it,save it,waste it,steal it,kill it,cut it,account for it;we also charge for it.It is a precious resource.Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime.Once the sands have run out of a persons hourglass,they cannot be replaced.We want every minute to count.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.3a A foreigners first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush often under pressure.City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going,restlessly seeking attention in a store,or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.Working time is considered precious.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.3b Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they,too,can be served and get back to work within the time allowed.You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you.You will miss smiles,brief conversations,and small exchanges with strangers.Dont take it personally.This is because people value time highly,and they resent someone else“wasting”it beyond a certain appropriate point.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.4a Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call,for example.They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country.They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.4b Normally,Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk;much less do they take them out for dinner,or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust.Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially,we start talking business very quickly.Time is,therefore,always ticking in our inner ear.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.5 Consequently,we work hard at the task of saving time.We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices;we communicate rapidly through faxes,phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts,which though pleasant,take longerespecially given our traffic-filled streets.We,therefore,save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.6a To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact,requiring face-to-face conversation.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Para.6b In America,too,a final agreement will normally be signed in person.However,people are meeting increasingly on television screens,conducting“teleconferences”to settle problems not only in this country but alsoby satelliteinternationally.词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Para.7 The US is definitely a telephone country.Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business,to chat with friends,to make or break social appointments,to say“Thank you”,to shop and to obtain all kinds of information.Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time.This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here,whereas the postal service is less efficient.句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Para.8a Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly.Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse,it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant,not worthy of proper respect.Assignments are,consequently,given added weight by the passage of time.句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Para.8b In the US,however,it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem,or fulfill a job successfully,with speed.Usually,the more important a task is,the more capital,energy,and attention will be poured into it in order to“get it moving”.N H C EN H C EBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Main Idea of the TextN H C EN H C E词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 The passage is made up of 8 paragraphs,and,according to the pattern“presentationillustrationrestatement of the general idea”the author mainly employs in his writing,it can fall into three parts.For detail Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Structure of the TextMain Idea of Part IDevices for its DevelopmentTo Americans,time lost can not be replaced.So time is always a precious resource they are committed to saving by all means.Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C EThe author presents the general idea of the passage Americans value time greatly by coming straight to the point.For detail 词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Main Idea of Part IIDevices for its DevelopmentBack小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C EThe author mainly employs deduction and contrast to illustrate how American people save time.For detail 词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Main Idea of Part IIIDevices for its DevelopmentIn contrast to some peoples who would give added weight to the task on which more time is spent,American people focus more of their minds on how to fulfill an important task with speed and on how to“get it moving”as soon as possible,which serves as an echo to what is stated at the beginning.Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C EThe author applies contrast in this part to restate the main idea of the passage.For detail 词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 SummaryN H C EN H C E预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作句型应用句型应用 短语应用短语应用 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入1.停止不前停止不前 2.致力于致力于 3.造成造成的结果的结果 4.说明；解释说明；解释 5.宝贵资源宝贵资源 6.想使每分钟有意义想使每分钟有意义 7.想引起别人注意想引起别人注意 8.生活的节奏生活的节奏 9.在允许的时间内在允许的时间内 10.与陌生人闲聊与陌生人闲聊 to stand still to be committed to result in to account for precious resource to want every minute to count to seek attention the pace of life within the time allowed small exchanges with a stranger N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入11.同时发生；伴随同时发生；伴随12.在轻松的环境里在轻松的环境里13.增进信任增进信任14.千方百计地做千方百计地做15.在手边在手边16.亲身；亲自亲身；亲自17.部分由于部分由于18.在在眼里眼里19.随着时间流逝随着时间流逝20.使工作开展起来使工作开展起来to go with in relaxed surroundings to develop a sense of trust to work hard at the task of at handin personto be due partly to in ones eyes by the passage of time to get things moving 句型应用句型应用 短语应用短语应用 随随 笔笔 Application of ExpressionsN H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入1.落后；跟不上落后；跟不上 2.处于压力之下处于压力之下 3.匆匆完成匆匆完成 4.与与关系不大或关系不大或没有关系没有关系5.更加重视更加重视 to fall behindunder pressure to race through to have little or no relation to to give added weight to 句型应用句型应用 短语应用短语应用 随随 笔笔 SummaryN H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入短语应用短语应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 1.用于强调用于强调“某某人绝不会做某事人绝不会做某事”2.用于强调用于强调“对对某人做事的辩证某人做事的辩证分析分析”3.用于表述用于表述“两两种人在事物认识种人在事物认识上的鲜明反差上的鲜明反差”Sb.do not do sth.;much less do sb.do sth.else.Sb.do sth.by/through rather than by/through,which,though,especially given To some,sth.has little relation to sth.else.To others,nothing can be done without(doing)sth.else.求助于求助于:未能符合未能符合:与与失和失和:失败；落空失败；落空:to fall back uponto fall down onto fall out withto fall through短短语语逆逆译译短短 语语 应应 用用be put in a key position/never fall down on obligations The reason why he is put in a key position is that he has never fallen down on obligations.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入Back在压力下在压力下:在控制中在控制中:在在威胁之下威胁之下:受到怀疑受到怀疑:医学界没能控制住病医学界没能控制住病毒，这将每位市民都毒，这将每位市民都置于被感染的威胁之置于被感染的威胁之下。下。under stress under controlunder the threat ofunder suspicion 短短 语语 应应 用用the medical community/keep the virus under control/get infectedThe medical community failed to keep the virus under control,which put every citizen under the threat of getting infected.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入短短语语逆逆译译Back经历经历:用完，完成某事，通过用完，完成某事，通过:经历某事而幸存经历某事而幸存:传来；康复，还活着传来；康复，还活着:医生说如果他能度过医生说如果他能度过当晚，他存活的可能当晚，他存活的可能性就很大。性就很大。to go throughto get throughto live throughto come through 短短 语语 应应 用用live through that night/stand a great chance of survivalThe doctor said if he could live through that night,he stood a great chance of survival.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入短短语语逆逆译译Back与与没有关系没有关系:与与没有关系没有关系:与与没有关系没有关系:家庭背景与他事业上家庭背景与他事业上的成就无关。的成就无关。have nothing to do withhave no bearing onhave no connection with短短 语语 应应 用用family background/ones achievements in careerHis family background has no bearing on his achievements in career.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入短短语语逆逆译译Back重视重视:非常重要非常重要:很重要很重要/不重要不重要:由于农业对一个国家由于农业对一个国家的经济发展十分重要，的经济发展十分重要，我国开始更加重视这我国开始更加重视这一问题。一问题。attach/lend weight tobe of great weight carry much/little weight 短短 语语 应应 用用economic development/be of great weight/attach added weight toSince agriculture is of great weight to the economic development of a nation,our country begins to attach added weight to it.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入短短语语逆逆译译Back他对自己父母的教诲都他对自己父母的教诲都不予理睬，更别说听你不予理睬，更别说听你的建议了。的建议了。创创 新新 应应 用用sbs teaching/turn a deaf ear to sth./follow your adviceHe turns a deaf ear to his parents teaching,much less will he follow your advice.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入Back人获得知识要靠勤奋而不靠人获得知识要靠勤奋而不靠投机。尽管后者更省力，但投机。尽管后者更省力，但是一种自我欺骗，特别是考是一种自我欺骗，特别是考虑到未来职业的需要。虑到未来职业的需要。Back创创 新新 应应 用用acquire knowledge/through diligence/through trickery/free from hard work/a self-deception/the demand of future careerOne should acquire knowledge through diligence rather than through trickery,which,though freer from hard work,is a self-deception especially given the demand of future career.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入在一些人看来，真爱与财富在一些人看来，真爱与财富的数量无多大关系；然而在的数量无多大关系；然而在另一些人看来，没有充足的另一些人看来，没有充足的金钱爱情免谈。金钱爱情免谈。Back创创 新新 应应 用用the amount of wealth/adequate money/no access to sth./be allowedTo some people,true love has little relation to the amount of wealth.To others,no access to love can be allowed without adequate money.意意 群群 提提 示示N H C EN H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入写作模式写作模式写作实践写作实践Paragraph WritingN H C EN H C E预习预习课文课文导入导入小结小结写作实践写作实践 For details随随 笔笔 Back课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习Reason DetailsStatementN H C EN H C EGeneral statement:A general statement is presented at the beginning of the paragraph.Reason:The reason for the viewpoint is presented.Specific details:Next come the details to illustrate the general point of view.N H C EN H C E For exampleBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习写作实践写作实践 随随 笔笔 Example:The US is definitely a telephone country.(General statement)N H C EN H C E For moreBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习写作实践写作实践 随随 笔笔 Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business,to chat with friends,to make or break social appointments,to say“Thank you”,to shop and to obtain all kinds of information.(Specific details)N H C EN H C E For moreBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习写作实践写作实践 随随 笔笔 Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time.This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here,whereas the postal service is less efficient.(Reason)N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习写作实践写作实践 随随 笔笔 写作实践写作实践Directions:Have a look at the outline and the sample paragraph that has been written in the same text structure as you have analyzed.N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习随随 笔笔 写作模式写作模式 General statement:Computers will play an increasingly important role in our daily life.N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习Specific details:measure brain activity evaluate and treat sickness show routes,take money from our bank accounts take care of regular duties in the home Reason:Computers work efficiently.随随 笔笔 写作模式写作模式 N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习Sample Composition Computers will play an increasingly important role in our daily life.(General statement)Computers can measure brain activity to determine the quality of our work.(Detail 1)Doctors will use computers to evaluate and treat sickness.(Detail 2)Computers in cars will show our routes,take money from our bank accounts,identify motor problems,figure out repair 随随 笔笔 写作模式写作模式 N H C EN H C EBack课文课文小结小结导入导入预习预习costs and lo