中国油菜区试新品种产量和品质性状分析

中国油菜区试新品种产量和品质性状分析p 翻开文本图片集【摘要】：p 】：对20_220_年国家冬、春油菜参试的2 075个新品种试验数据进展分析p ，发现国家区域试验油菜新品种以杂交品种为主，占90.84。冬油菜区主要性狀变异系数为单株产量0.29>单株有效角果数0.26>产量0.15>每角果粒数0.11>千粒重0.10>种子含油量0.06;春油菜区主要性状变异系数为单株产量0.25>单株有效角果数0.20>产量0.12>千粒重0.08>每角果粒数0.06>种子含油量0.05。产量整体呈上升趋势，且春油菜区产量明显高于其他区。单株产量与单株有效角果数整体呈下降趋势，且长江上游、下游区的这2个指标均高于其他各区。长江上游、中游、下游区及黄淮区和春油菜区5个产区每角果粒数和千粒重与油菜产量呈极显著或显著正相关。春油菜区单株有效角果数与产量呈极显著正相关，而在黄淮区、长江上游、长江中游、长江下游区二者呈极显著或显著负相关。长江上游区、黄淮区和春油菜区单株产量与油菜产量呈极显著正相关。各区单株有效角果数与单株产量、产量与种子含油量均呈极显著正相关。因此，进步油菜新品种的每角果粒数和千粒重将是中国油菜遗传改进的重中之重。【关键词】：p 】：油菜;区试品种;产量;品质中图分类号：S565.4 文献标识码：A文章编号：0439-811420_22-0033-08DOI：10.14088/jki.issn0439-8114.20_.22.008 开放科学资效劳标识码OSID：Analysis on yield and quality characters of new rapeseed varieties tested in ChinaFEI Jin-zong1，SHEN Jin-_iong2，GUO Yan-li3，LI Hai-bo21.Agriculture and Forestry Institute of Longgan Lake Management District in Huanggang City，Huanggang 435500，Hubei，China;2.National Research Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China;3.Crop Research Institute of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Tianjin 300384，ChinaAbstract： The e_perimental data of 2 075 new varieties of national ter and spring rapeseed from 20_2 to 20_ were analyzed.It was found that the new varieties of rapeseed tested in China were mainly hybrid varieties， accounting for 90.84.The coefficient of variation of main characters in ter rapeseed area was yield per plant0.29>effective pod number per plant0.26>yield0.15>grain number per pod0.11>1 000-grain weight0.10>seed oil content0.06.The coefficient of variation of main characters in spring rapeseed area was yield per plant0.25>effective pod number per plant0.20>yield0.12>1 000-grain weight0.08>grain number per pod0.06>seed oil content0.05.The overall yield showed an upward trend， and the yield of spring rapeseed area was significantly higher than that of other areas.The yield per plant and the number of effective kernels per plant showed a downward trend as a whole， and the two inde_es in the upper and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were higher than those in other regions.The grain number per pod and the thousand-grain weight of each of the five areas in the upper， middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river， the Huanghuai area and the spring rapeseed area were e_tremely significantly or significantly related to the yield of the rapeseed.In spring rapeseed area， the yield had significant positively correlation to the grain number per pod， whereas in the upper， middle and lower Yanglze river and Huanghuai area rapeseed area they had e_tremely significantly or significantly negatively correlation.There was a significant positive correlation between the yield per plant and the yield of rapeseed in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river， Huanghuai and spring rapeseed area.The number of effective kernels per plant was positively correlated with the yield per plant， and the yield was positively correlated with the oil content of seeds.Therefore， increasing the grain number per pod and 1000-grain weight of new rape varieties will be the most important thing in the geic improvement of rapeseed in China.第 3 页 共 3 页