英语故事-JamesGordonBennett

英语故事James Gordon Bennett詹姆士 戈登贝内特，美国历史上的著名报人，18、19世纪美国便士报兴起时 纽约先驱报 的创始人。 他模仿太阳报的作法、采用耸人听闻的题材， 在犯罪新闻的处理上特别大胆， 曾报导社会舆论的反对。 纽约先驱报后来一度成为美国发行量最大的报纸。James Gordon BennettJames Gordon Bennett (1 September 1795- 1 June 1872)was the founder, editor and publisher of the New York herald and a major figure in the history of American newspapers.Born to a prosperous catholic familyin newmill,banffshire,Scotland, at 15 Bennett entered the catholic seminary in Aberdeen, where he remained for four years. After leaving the seminary he read voraciously on his own and traveled throughout Scotland. In 1819 he joined a friend who was sailing to North America. After four weeks they landed inHalifax, Nova Scotia, where Bennett briefly worked as a schoolmaster till he had enough money to sail to Portland, Maine, where he again taught school in the village of Addison, moving on to Boston by New Year s 1820. He worked as a proofreader and bookseller before the Charleston Courier hired him to translate Spanish news reports. He moved to New York City in 1823 where he worked as a freelance paper writer and editorial assistant.In May 1835, Bennett began the herald after years offailing to start a paper. In April 1836, it shocked readerswith front - page coverage of the murder of prostitute HelenJewett; Bennett conducted the first-ever newspaper interviewfor it. The herald initiated a cash-in - advance policy foradvertisers, which became the industry standard. Bennett was also at the forefront of using the latest technology to gather and report the news, and added illustrations produced from woodcuts. In 1839, Bennett wasgranted the first ever exclusiveinterview to a United States president, martin van buren.The herald was officially independent in its politics, but endorsed William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, James K. Polk, Franklin Pierce, and John C. Fr 到ont. Bennett supported James Buchanan as tensions rose over slavery. He endorsed John C. Breckinridge for the 1860 presidential campaign, and then shifted to John Bell. He promoted George B. McClellan in 1864, but endorsed no candidate. Although he opposed AbrahamLincoln, Bennett backed the union, and then took the lead to turn the president into a martyr after his assassination. He favored most of Andrew Johnson s reconstruction proposals.By the time Bennett turned control of the herald overto his son James Gordon Bennett Jr. In 1866, it had the highest circulation in America. However, under the younger Bennett s stewardship, the paper declined, and, after his death, it was merged with its arch-rival, the New York Tribune.The phrase “ Gordon Bennett ” which denotes exasperation or shock derives from the son, or amongst the FDNY where it is highest medal a New York city firefighter can earn(compared to the medal of honor for the us military),“ that meal was so good, it should win the Gordon Bennett!”He also has a street named for him from west 181st tohillside ave in Northern Manhattan A.K.A. Washington Heights;a park named in his honor is also along Fort Washington Ave.Bennett s account of the Helen Jewett murder in the herald was selected by the Library of America for inclusion in the 2008 anthology True Crime.