2018届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Non-verbal Communication学案 重庆大学版选修8

Unit 2Non­verbal Communication一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.function vi.运作；起作用2.opposite n. 相反的事物3.maintain vt. 保持，继续4.gesture n. 手势，姿势5.position vt. 安置，定位n. 位置；职位，立场6.contact n. 接触，联系v. 使接触，联系7.occasion n时机；机会；场合occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地occasional adj.偶然的8.consume vt.消耗；吃完，喝光consumption n消费，消耗9.behave vi.表现；运转vt.自我检点behaviour n行为，举止，品行10.depend vi.依赖，依靠，取决于dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的，从属的n.受援助者11.threatening adj.胁迫的，危险的threaten vt.威胁，恐吓threat n威胁，恐吓，恐怖12.embarrassingly adv.尴尬地，令人难为情地embarrassing adj.尴尬的，令人难为情的embarrass vt.使窘迫/尴尬/为难embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的/为难的embarrassment n尴尬，难为情13.origin n起源，来源original adj.原始的n.原作，真迹originally adv.最初，原先14.caution n谨慎的，小心cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的cautiously adv.谨慎地1.We draw a conclusion after many years of struggle that the social development must be dependent (depend) on practical skills and techniques.2.No doubt the parents or the teacher has no right to dominate or to restrict the students' behaviour (behave)3.With living level being improved, great changes have taken place in the consumption (consume) structure of urban residents. 4.His embarrassing questions made me embarrassed greatly. I felt my face burning with embarrassment.(embarrass)5.My mother is cautious about knife. So she often asks us to take caution and every time she finishes using it, she often puts it away cautiously.(caution) 6.Since most of the visitors don't know the origin of the original game, they want the local minority to tell them where it is originally from.(origin)7.George received a threatening letter last week, in which a man threatened to kill him.(threaten)8.We are both very busy so we only see each other very occasionally. He pays me occasional visits in his spare time and we try to use the occasion to express our love.(occasional)1.聚焦­ure结尾名词gesture姿势pleasure 快乐failure 失败exposure 暴露mixture 混合agriculture 农业；农学2function同义词荟萃work 工作；起作用act起作用，见效run 运行，运转operate 工作，运转3“联系”动词大集合contact 联系；接触relate 联系；使相关connect 连接；联系link 联系；连接associate 使有联系4.盘点­ing结尾形容词threatening胁迫的embarrassing 使人尴尬的amazing 吃惊的thrilling 惊险的amusing 引起乐趣的entertaining 有趣的delighting 高兴的frightening 害怕的二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.turn_._away回绝，把打发走2.pick_up 获得；拾起；无意中学会3.make_sense 有意义；行得通4.make_up 组成；弥补；编造5.bump_into_someone 撞上某人；巧遇6.in_other_words 换句话说7.in_contrast 相反8.belong_to 属于9.a_bit_of 少量10.find_out 获知(某事情)；查明11.keep_records 作记录12.known_as 被称为，公认为13.open_up 打开；开业；生产1.He found his first job. In_other_words,_he needn't depend on his father any more.2.Everyday's sunshine will remind me of that merry period belonging_to you and me.3.They are trying to find_out whether there is something wrong with the machine.4.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense.5.I bumped_into an old friend of mine in the street yesterday.1.sense短语小结make sense有意义；讲得通make sense of 弄懂，明白sense of humor 幽默感sense of responsibility 责任感in a sense 在某种意义上2.“巧遇”短语荟萃bump into巧遇come across 偶遇meet with 偶然遇见run into 偶然遇见meet by chance 偶然见面happen to meet 偶然遇见三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.But the size of a person's “comfort zone” varies, depending on his cultural or ethnic origin.但一个人的“舒适地带”大小不同，这取决于他的文化或种族起源。现在分词短语作状语。他在购物时丢了电脑，结果泄露了所有绝密照片。He lost his computer while shopping, giving_away_all_his_secret_photos.2.Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.虽然一些文化把目光的直接接触看作不礼貌的或者有威胁性的，但美国人却把它视为真诚和诚实的标志。whereas“然而，但是，虽然，尽管”，表示对比。他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。He thought I was lying to him, in fact, whereas_I_was_telling_the_truth.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难经典例句When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father.在我成长的过程中，我一直羞于让别人看见自己和父亲在一起。(1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth.做某事使人窘迫(2)embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的be embarrassed at/about (对)感到为难/尴尬embarrassing adj. 令人困窘的(3)embarrassment n. 困窘，困惑to one's embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思It embarrasses me to_meet (meet) the young man again, for I misunderstood him.再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会了他。Much to_her_embarrassment,_she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。I was in the embarrassing (embarrass) position of having completely forgotten her name.当时我完全忘记了她的名字，很是尴尬。2opposite n相反的事物prep.在对面adj.相反的；相对的adv.在对面教材原句When Americans make the same gesture, it means just the opposite.当美国人做这个姿势的时候，它的意思恰恰相反。(1)be opposite to与相反just the opposite 恰恰相反(2)oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量Do you accept opinions opposite_to_yours?你接受与你的相对立的意见吗？Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite (oppose)(2013·四川高考书面表达)良好的习惯总是产生较高的效率，而坏的习惯则相反。形象记忆3position vt.安置，定位n.位置，职位，立场高考佳句I'm writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我写信申请学生志愿者这一职位。in a . position 处于的地位/处境in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事hold the position of . 担任的职务take a position 就职When I know all the facts, I'll be in a position to advise you.在我了解所有的事实之后，我就能给你提出建议了。I am looking for a position where my research and writing skills can be made good use of.我正在找一份能充分利用我的研究和写作才能的工作。名师指津当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，关系词应用where。辨析比较position, state, condition, situation试一试选用以上词语填空She was upset to know that her application for the position was refused.Workers were on strike to improve pay and working conditions.He was in a state of permanent depression.In your situation,_I would look for another job.辨一辨position表示与其他地点相对而言的某个位置；同时表示社会地位高、工作较为庄重、领取工资的职位state表示状况、情况时，常用单数形式，固定搭配为in a . state/in the state of，指人或物在环境、外观、心灵、健康等方面的情形或状况condition表示“环境，境况，条件”，常指人或事物目前的情况，常用复数situation常与in连用，表示“处于一种的状况”4occasion n时刻；场合；机会经典例句It should have been an occasion for rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy.原本应该是高兴的时刻，她却丝毫未感到快乐。(1)a special occasion一个特殊的场合/时刻on this/that occasion 此时/彼时(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的(3)occasionally adv.on occasion(s) 偶尔；偶然地It is also said that on_occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool.还据说，拜伦有时借着月光在这个湖里裸泳，现在这个湖被称为拜伦湖。I've been writing this report occasionally (occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. 这两个星期以来我偶尔写写这个报告，但明天必须上交。名师指津occasion表示时间，意为“时机，场合”，如果它后面定语从句的关系词充当状语，应用when，不可用where。另外要注意它常与介词on搭配。.基础点全练(单句语法填空)1I found an old paper marked (mark) with the name and date.2Doctors are understandably cautious about_ this new treatment. 3When I began to sing, he laughed, which made me embarrassed (embarrass)4There are certain occasions when you must interrupt people who are in the middle of doing something.5The box contains a number of letters, including those from his admirers and of course her letters included as well. (include)6You'd never know they're sisters they are completely opposite to each other in every way.重难点多练position点点练(1)选词填空：position, state, condition, situationTheir living conditions were terrible.The situation is fine at home and abroad.I would like to apply for the position of Sales Director.At the moment, Syria was in a state of war.(2)补全句子这使他和同事们处于困难的境地。This put him and his colleagues in_a_difficult_position.他已经到达了一个对别人来说很难的位置。He has reached a position where_it_is_difficult_for_others.有只杯子位置不对，把它放回适当的位置。One of the cups is out_of_position. Put it back in_position. 迪娜在经过数月努力一直找一份服务员的工作，终于在当地的一家广告代理机构就职了。Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took_a_position at a local advertising agency. .阅读词汇专练根据语境选出opposite的词性和词义(A)prep.在对面(B)adj.对面的(C)n.相反的事物 (D)adv.在对面1Getting into the train, the man found himself sitting opposite an old woman._A_2In theory, relaxation is the opposite of stress._C_3He cried to his friend on the opposite side of the street._B_4There's a newly married couple living opposite._D_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1in other words换句话说教材原句In other words, they like to keep each other “at arm's length”换句话说，他们喜欢彼此间保持“一臂之长”的距离。in a/one word总之，简言之Word came that . 有消息传来beyond words 难以言表have words with sb. 与某人吵架word for word 逐字逐句地in word 口头上have a word with sb. 与某人交谈keep/break one's word 遵守诺言/违背诺言In_a/one_word,_exchange study programs give us a chance to get a taste of foreign culture.总之，交流生项目给了我们一个机会去体验异国文化。Word came that Mr. President would come and inspect our school himself.有消息说总统先生将亲自来视察我们学校。2in contrast(by contrast)相反 高考佳句Most people work because it's unavoidable.By/In contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.(2015·浙江高考单选)大多数人工作是因为工作是不可避免的。相反，有些人的确很喜欢工作。contrast with和比起来；和形成对照by/in contrast with/to 和形成对比The yellow curtains contrast with the blue bedcover.黄色窗帘与蓝色床罩形成鲜明的对照。It seems quite warm today by/in contrast with/to yesterday's icy wind.与昨天凛冽的寒风相比，今天看起来相当暖和。3Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening, Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty.虽然一些文化把目光的直接接触看作不礼貌的或者有威胁性的，但美国人却把它视为真诚和诚实的标志。句中whereas意为“然而，但是，尽管，虽然”，用以比较或对比两个事实，相当于while。Whereas/While the city spent a large sum of money on its stadiums and museums, it failed to look after its schools.虽然这个城市花费大量的钱建体育馆和博物馆，但是它却忽略了校园建设。Some people like coffee, whereas/while_others_like_tea.有人喜欢咖啡，然而也有人喜欢茶。.基础点全练1单句语法填空It doesn't make sense to me why you did it like that.Her British accent was picked up on her visit to London.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making (make) air conditioning unnecessary.(2016·天津高考单选)China is a developing country belonging (belong) to the third world.You earn 10,000 dollars per week whereas I only 2,000.In/by contrast to what some might hope, students rarely finish their homework exclaiming that they had great fun.2运用所学短语完成片段My brother and I have lived in Japan for several years. My brother has picked_up (学会) Japanese. In_other_words (换句话说), he has mastered it. He can communicate with the local people and make_up (编) some funny Japanese jokes. By/In_contrast (相反), I do much worse. In_a_word (总之), I admire him very much.重难点多练word相关短语全接触(1)补全句子He is buried in writing his novel; in_other_words (换句话说), he can't spare us even a minute to take a trip.Word_came_that (有消息说) a destructive explosion broke out in Tianjin.You can rely on him because he always keeps_his_word (遵守诺言)In_a/one_word(总之), my life will be much richer and more colorful.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段老板对工程师吼道：“不要逐字逐句地读报告，我知道你擅长口头上表达自己，但我不想再听你吹牛了。换句话说，你不应该只是口头上许诺我，而是让我看到你的行动。总之，你必须遵守诺言，否则我将解雇你。”The boss shouted at his engineer: “Don't read the report word_for_word. I know you are good at expressing yourself in_word,_but I want to listen to your big words no more. In_other_words,_you should not only promise me in word, but show me your action.In_a_word,_you must keep_your_word,_or I'll let you go.” 课堂练牢基础.单句语法填空1It's a dangerous chemical, so you should deal with it with caution.2Last night, Bob made a call to me, saying (say) sorry for his absence from my wedding ceremony.3Jim is always late; you cannot depend on him to_come (come) on time.4After the shelves were in position we realised we'd forgotten to paint them.5As far as I'm concerned, these new chances belong to the younger generation. 6Anyone who comes to us will not be turned away.7The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and joyful, occasionally (occasion) bending down to pick up a beautiful seashell.8Jack should lie to me; I have always assumed him to_be (be) an honest man.单句改错1Overseas Chinese are particularly sought out for positions which a high degree or leadership is required.whichwhere2The manager, made it clear to us that he didn't agree with us, left the meeting room.mademaking3People are supposed to shake hands in formal occasions where they meet for the first time.wherewhen4There are 58 students in all in our class, included 24 girls.includedincluding_5When it was his turn to deliver his speech, nervous and embarrassing, he walked towards the microphone.embarrassingembarrassed6Words came that she would go to support the education cause in rural China.wordsword.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Xiao Hua and I have kept friendly relations for many years.In_other_words (换句话说), we have been good friends for many years. Last year his family moved to England, so (but/so/however) we often had_a_word_with (交谈) each other on the phone. We all think that the brighter future is owned by us, so we should make full preparations for it. Unfortunately, his parents died in a terrible accident, which left him an orphan. I felt sympathy for him. He lost his parents, but he is optimistic about the future. In_a_word (总之), I'm proud of him.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)keptmaintained_(2)is owned bybelongs_to2按要求改写句式(1)用现在分词作结果状语改写句Unfortunately,_his_parents_died_in_a_terrible_accident,_leaving_him_an_orphan.(2)用whereas改写句Whereas_he_lost_his_parents,_he_is_optimistic_about_the_future.课下练熟高考“阅读七选五完形”组合练练题型(限时：35分钟).阅读理解(2017·重庆育才中学高三月考)The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand­written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn't always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has even been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self­confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won't only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it! Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的) level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job. 1What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?AInterviewers.BJob­hunting people. CEmployers. DLay­off workers. 解析：选B推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性，很明显是写给找工作的人，故选B。2We can learn from the first paragraph that_.Ahand­written letters are not used in finding a job Bthe more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better Cbody language is more important than spoken words Dthe Internet is of significance in applying for a job解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段内容特别是最后两句可知，网络对于找工作是非常重要的，故选D。3Using body language well in a job interview will probably _.Aget rid of the interviewers' prejudice Bdetermine what position one will get Cincrease the possibility to get the wanted job Dhelp one remove nervousness解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，体态语用得好会增加找到理想工作的机会，故选C。4Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AThose using body language are usually confident. BBody language is often used on purpose in job hunting. CBody language is a mirror to reflect one's personality. DPeople enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.解析：选C推理判断题。通过第二段的内容，特别是第四、五、六句可知，体态语可以体现人的个性，故选C。其他三项文中并未提及，故排除。.阅读七选五For many people, history classes are seen as no more than requirements for getting degrees in chemistry, biology, business, marketing, etc._1_ Below are a few reasons why it's crucial that today's people continue to learn about the past.Understanding where people come from plays a key role in understanding who they are _2_ For this reason, it's extremely important to learn history in order to understand why people are the way that they are.Through history classes, you can experience a shift in the way you think._3_ It's important to developing minds to be able to consider problems from different angles.Finally, this shift can improve your ability to analyze and understand situations, to make educated decisions and to learn how to weigh the consequences related to each choice before you._4_ The idea that history repeats itself is rooted in truth. From wars to fashion to political trends, historians are often able to make predictions about the future based upon the past.By having a deep understanding of what happened in the past, today's people can better prepare for brighter futures by making the right decisions instead of repeating old mistakes.Many people may not believe that a degree in history can lead to a well­paying job.In fact, students who graduate with degrees in history can become lawyers, business owners, think tank (智囊团) members, educators, leaders in historical organizations, writers and so on._5_AWhichever you take, it can provide a comfortable life.BLearning about history can change how you think.CThat means you look at things from a new point of view.DLearning from the past prevents future mistakes.EThe key to enjoying the study of history is to find classes that interest you.FBut the truth is that studying history is a wonderful way to prepare for a successful future.GHistory has shaped cultures, attitudes and social structures; it has shaped the world and its citizens.答案：15FGCDA.完形填空(2017·南昌二模)It is a time­proven fact that smile is a language. It is a universal language _1_ by the people of every nation, and the commonest way to show our _2_ will perfectly without saying anything.One day I was shopping in a small town in California. It was my misfortune to be _3_ by a clerk who seemed most _4_ and not at all concerned about my intended _5_. I bought nothing, and walked _6_ out of the store. My anger _7_ with each step. Outside, standing at the corner, was a young man in his early twenties. His expressive eyes met and held mine, and in the next instant a beautiful, amazing _8_ covered his face. I gave in _9_. The power of that shining smile _10_ away all my anger, and I found the muscles in my own face happily _11_. “Beautiful day, isn't it？” I said. Then, suddenly something inside me sent me turning back. “I really owe you a _12_，” I said softly. His smile deepened, but he made no _13_ to answer. A Mexican woman nearby stepped _14_ and said, “Carlos can't speak English，” she volunteered. “Shall I tell him something？” At that moment I felt changed. Carlos' smile had made a big person of me. “Yes，” my _15_ was enthusiastic and sincere. “Tell him Thank you！” “Thank you？” The woman seemed slightly _16_. “Just tell him that，” I insisted. “Surely, he'll understand.”What a smile! Although I have _17_ seen that young man again, I'll never forget the _18_ he taught me. From then on, I became smile­conscious. I practice it _19_， anywhere and everywhere, with everybody. This action on my par