2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解4

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1、2022年考博英语-浙江工商大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题As a high-level executive （ ）a group of managers, you may find these guidelines helpful.问题1选项A.talkingB.speakingC.addressingD.discussing【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项talk“说，谈话”；B选项speak“讲话，发言”；C选项address“演讲，致词”；D选项discuss“讨论”，四个选项意思相近，但是talk强调动作双方沟通，speak侧重单方的讲话，

2、address指在某活动或者工作中的发言，句意为：当你作为高管向一群经理演讲时，你可能会发现这些指导方针很有帮助。故选项C更符合题意。2. 单选题A: What are in the ladys suitcase are smuggled cigarettes.B:（ ） .问题1选项A.Such are the ones in her husbands suitcase.B.Such the ones in her husbands suitcase are.C.So the ones in her husbands suitcase are.D.So are the ones in her

3、 husbands suitcase.【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查so+系动词（助动词或情态动词）+另一主语。属于主谓倒装结构，表示前句所述情况，也同样适用于第二句的主语。意思是“他丈夫的手提箱里的也是”。so意思是“也如此，也这样”，句意为：女士手提箱中是走私香烟。他丈夫手提箱里的也是。正确答案选D。3. 单选题 It was the worst tragedy in maritime history, six times more deadly than the Titanic. When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustlof

4、f was hit by torpedoes fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germanywere packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of fam

5、ilies sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. “Ill never forget the screams,” says Christa Ntitz

6、mann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century. Now Germanys Nobel Prize-winning author Gunter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more t

7、han 4,000 children with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesnt dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Ger

8、many) and not at all in the East.” The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didnt have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings.” The long silence about the sinking of

9、 the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Todays unified Germany is more pro

10、sperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of Willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they have now earned the right to discuss

11、 the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.1. Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history?2. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea when（ ）.3. The Wilh

12、elm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century becauseGermans（ ）.4. How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy?5. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that（ ）.问题1选项A.It was attacked by Russian torpedoes.B.It caused th

13、e largest number of casualties.C.Most of its passengers were frozen to death.D.Its victims were mostly women and children.问题2选项A.the badly damaged ship leaned toward one sideB.a strong ice storm tilted the shipC.the cruise ship sank all of a suddenD.the frightened passengers fought desperately for l

14、ifeboats问题3选项A.were eager to win international acceptanceB.had been pressured to keep silent about itC.were afraid of offending their neighborsD.felt guilty for their crimes in World War II问题4选项A.By describing the ships sinking in great detail.B.By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche.C.By pr

15、esenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack.D.By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman.问题5选项A.the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nations past misdeedsB.Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War IIC.they will be misunderst

16、ood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyD.it is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“It was the worst tragedy in maritime history, six times more deadly than the Titanic. 这是航海史上最严重的悲剧，导致的死亡人数比泰坦尼克号多6倍”

17、。可知选项B“造成的伤亡人数最多”为最佳答案。2.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第一段第三句“An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. 一场冰雹将船的甲板变成冰板，同时导致船倾斜往下沉，数百家庭滑入大海中”，由此可知ice storm冰雹并不是船倾斜的原因，只是加剧更多人落水的推动因素，题干中问的when，是指“当”，可以对应到文

18、中的as后面的内容。故正确答案选A。3.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到第三段第二句“By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. 通过完全接受承认他们国家在二战中犯下的滔天罪行，德国设法赢得其他国家的认可，在国内边缘化新的纳

19、粹分子，并且与领国和平相处”，由此可知选项D 符合文章的意思。其他选项都是细节性的描述。4.【试题答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第二段第二句“its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe”可知在第二段中君特格兰斯有关海难的小说作品中，描述了一位年轻的孕妇在海难中生还的过程。故正确答案选D。5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段倒数第二句“But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they have

20、now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. 但即使政治立场最正确的德国人也相信他们现在已经有权利来讨论整个历史事件”，由这句话可知，德国人现在有权利讨论历史上的这次海难事件，而不用担心因为自身在战中的历史而受到非议。所以德国人也不用担心因此被人误解。故正确答案选C。选项B和D是杜撰出来的表达。选项A根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a

21、reasonable price to pay.”这里的“price代价”指代句子前面“willful forgetting有意的遗忘”，故不符合题干的意思。4. 单选题The two important （ ）in making a cake are flour and sugar.问题1选项A.elementsB.componentsC.ingredientsD.constituents【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】名词辨析题。四个选项都有“成分，某物的组成部分”之意。A选项element“元素，要素”；B选项component“配件、要素”，机械的原件或者是组装配件；C选项ingredi

22、ent“原料、原材料”，指烹调用的事物配料；D选项constituent“成份、选民”，指的是整体中不可缺少的部分。由空格后介词后面的关键词“making a cake制作蛋糕”和“flour and sugar 面粉与糖”，可知空格部分关键词为“原料”，句意为：制作蛋糕的两个重要的原料是面粉与糖。故正确答案选C。5. 单选题 It was 1961, and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didnt know enough to really care. My

23、 older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses hoofs from “Wagon Train” or “Cheyenne” and laughter from “I Love Lucy”, or “Mister Ed”. After supper, wed sprawl on Moms bed and stare for

24、 hours at the tube. But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But, she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned books. So she came home o

25、ne day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “You boys are going to read two books every week,” she said. “And youre going to write me a report on what you read.” We moaned and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didnt ha

26、ve any books in the house other than Moms Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: “Ill drive you to the library.” So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the chi

27、ldrens books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them. The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken

28、 me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home. It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return t

29、o them again and again with the flip of a page. Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny

30、 thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldnt wait to get home to my books. Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Childrens Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still cant believe my

31、 lifes journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery. But I know when the journey began the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library

32、.1. We can learn from the beginning of the passage that （ ）.2. Which of the following is NOT true about the authors family?3. The mother was to （ ）make her two sons switch to reading books.4. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?5. The author began to love books for the foll

33、owing reasons EXCEPT that（ ）.问题1选项A.the author and his brother had done poorly in schoolB.the author had realized how important schooling wasC.the author had been very concerned about his school workD.the author had spent much time watching TV after school问题2选项A.His mother worked as a cleaner.B.He c

34、ame from a middle-class family.C.He came from a single-parent family.D.His mother had received little education.问题3选项A.hesitantB.determinedC.reluctantD.unprepared问题4选项A.They were afraid.B.They were reluctant.C.They were indifferent.D.They were eager to go.问题5选项A.he began to see something in his mind

35、B.he could go back to read the books againC.he could visualize what he read in his mindD.he realized that books offered him new experience【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“It was 1961, and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I

36、didnt know enough to really care. We watched TV every night. 那是1961年，我在五年级。我在学校的成绩很糟糕，问题是，我还并不在意我们每天晚上看电视。”可知选项D符合题意。2.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到第一段“My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. 我和我的哥哥和妈妈住在底特律一个昏暗的多户人家共同居住的房子里。”可知作者家境并不好，故答案选B。3.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。文章第二三

37、段描述了作者的母亲回到家关上电视要让他们开始读书，每周读两本并写报告，家里没书就开车送他们去图书馆等等，由此可知母亲是下定决心让儿子们读书，因此答案选B。4.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第四段“So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. 所以很快就有两个坏脾气的男孩坐在她的白色1959年的奥兹莫比尔汽车上，在去底特律公共图书馆的路上。”可知他们不情愿去图书馆，故答案选B

38、。5.【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第六段“It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page. 当时我并没有意识到这一点，但这段经历和看电视完全不同。在我的脑海里形成了一些图像，而不是在我眼

39、前。我可以翻过一页，一次又一次地回到他们身边。”可知作者爱上读书是因为书能给他全新的感受，让他浮想联翩，而不是因为他能反复地读这些书，因此答案选B。6. 单选题 In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being “tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics.” Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in t

40、his case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: “to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope. Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a words origins in brackets before

41、 or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: Tantalus. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the words origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world

42、with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning “to tease or torment by arousing desire”? Anoth

43、er example is the word “siren”, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they

44、 wouldnt hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger! When someone speaks of a “jovial mood” or a “herculean efforts”, he or she is

45、using wordswith origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths. Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursda

46、y was originally Thors day, in honor of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This g

47、od has also given his name to one of the chemical elements. Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too. It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.1. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph 1 is （ ）.2. We learn from the passage, all English dictionari

48、es include（ ） .3. The example of tantalize is to show（ ） .4. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myth or legends?5. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?问题1选项A.to lead readers onto the main themeB.to link the preceding part to the pr

49、esent oneC.to arouse readers interest in hieroglyphicsD.to describe the work of some Chinese scholars问题2选项A.legendsB.mythologyC.word originsD.word definitions问题3选项A.how the word came into existence.B.how Tantalus was punished in the lower world.C.how all English dictionaries show word origins.D.how

50、the meaning of the word changed over the years.问题4选项A.Jovial.B.March.C.Earth.D.Wednesday.问题5选项A.Mythology and Common Words.B.Historical Changes in Word Meanings.C.Mythological Origins of English Words.D.Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.【试题答案】A【试题解析】段落大意题。文章第一段

51、开头第一句是引出tantalize这个词的描述，接下来的几句话，是说明这个词的来源，它是众多来源于过去的神话和传说的英语单词之一。故推测文章第一段是通过举例说明来引出主题。正确答案选A。2.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章第一段“Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a words origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning.许多（不是所有）的英语字典都会在词的释义前后，用括号给出简短的

52、词源解释”，故这里可知所有的英语字典都会给出英语单词的释义，但不是都会给出英语单词词源解释，或者有关的神话和传说。所以正确答案为D。3.【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。文章第一段谈到了tantalize 这个单词的例子，根据第六句“This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the words origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology. 这意味着通过坦塔罗斯这个名字找到tantalize单词的词源，如果这样做的话，

53、你就会发现，在希腊神话中”。接下来就是对于对应单词词源详细解释，结合最后一句话“Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning to tease or torment by arousing desire? 现在你能猜出为什么他的名字变成了动词，表示（以唤起欲望来戏弄或者折磨某人）吗”，由此推断可知正确答案选A。选项B是具体的例子里面的描述。选项D和题干无关。选线C无法通过第一段中tantalize单词的例子推断出来。4.【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第四段第三句“As a matter of fact, al

54、l the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology 事实上，所有的行星，除了我们生活的地球外，都是以罗马神话中神的名字命名的”故这里选C。5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】主旨大意题。通篇浏览全文，文章都在讲英语单词的词源问题，文章中第一段通过tantalize这个单词的例子引出：许多英语单词来源于神话和传说。第二段到五段都是在举例阐述英语里面的单词来源于神话和传说的这一事实。故正确答案应该选C。7. 单选题The audience waited in （ ）silence whil

55、e their aged speaker searched among his note for the figures he could not remember.问题1选项A.respectiveB.respectC.respectfulD.respectable【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项respective意为“分别的”；B选项respect意为“尊敬，敬重”动词；C选项respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的”；D选项respectable“可敬的”。根据空格前后判断，根据“aged speaker年老的演讲者”，可知C选项respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的

56、”符合语境，句意为：当上了年纪的演讲者搜寻笔记寻找他不记得的数字的时候，观众们都充满敬意地默默等待。因此选项C正确。8. 单选题After so many weeks without rain, the ground quickly （ ）the little rain that fell last night.问题1选项A.skippedB.soakedC.retrievedD.absorbed【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项skip“跳跃、遗漏”；B选项soak“浸湿”；C选项retrieve“检索、恢复”；D选项absorb“吸收、承受”，由题干可推测地面快速“吸收”雨

57、水，句意为：这么多星期没有下雨，地面很快吸收了昨晚的少量雨水。故正确答案选D。9. 单选题The prisoner was （ ）of his civil liberty for three years.问题1选项A.dischargedB.derivedC.deprivedD.dispatched【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】动词辨析题。A选项discharge“解雇、卸下”；B选项derive“源于、得自”；C选项deprive“剥夺”；D选项dispatch“派遣、分派”。deprive sb. of sth.短语有“剥夺某人某物之意”，这里根据句子结构，主语是prisoner“罪犯”，

58、宾语是“civil liberty公民自由”，可知空格部分单词意思为“剥夺”，并且是被动语态的结构，句意为：罪犯被剥夺三年公民自由权利。故正确答案选C。10. 单选题Life is a candle （ ）to burn even brighter.问题1选项A.being meantB.meaningC.to meanD.meant【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。根据句中关键词“burn even brighter越燃越亮”的对应知这里指代“人们希望蜡烛（或蜡烛应该）越燃越亮”；再由“mean”一词在表示“主观希望”时一般用被动语态知D项“meant（其完整形式应该为which

59、is meant）”正确。故正确答案选D。11. 翻译题 No Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-expe

60、rience is what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon their unive

61、rsity learning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful.【答案】 没有一个英国人相信从书本能学会工作。他们怀疑一切理论，不管是哲学理论还是其他的。他们是对一切新鲜事物持怀疑态度，并深恶痛绝，除非迫于形势，他们才认识到新的事物确比旧的事物更有优势。不管是身在印度、埃及或澳大利亚，只要可能，他们总是依靠他们自己的种族经验

62、。为了做出决策，英国的政治家们并不参阅历史的先例，而是首先如实的弄清楚事实的真相；然后依靠自己的常识，而不是他们的大学学习或哲学理论。就英国民族而论，必须承认这种本能的处事方法一向是成功的。12. 翻译题 2010年头5个月，通用汽车公司在华销量超过100万辆，提前完成了当年200万辆目标的一半。西门子计划未来三年在华投资10亿欧元（合12.9亿美元），而2011年之前，大众已在华追加16亿欧元的投资。截至2013年5月底，在华注册外资企业数量累计近69万家，实际利用外资总额超过了1万亿美元。世界是平的一书的作者托马斯弗里德曼，以及曾在美国总统比尔克林顿时期担任商务部副部长的罗伯特夏皮罗等众多

63、专家均高度肯定中国的对外开放。(参考词汇：ahead of schedule; Siemens; Volkswagen; actually-utilized foreign investment; deputy secretary)【答案】 In the first five months of 2010, General Motors sold more than l million vehicles in China, meeting half of its 2010 target of 2 million ahead of schedule. Siemens will invest 1 billion ($1.29 billion) in the next three years, with Volks