2022-2023年考博英语-西北农林科技大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第15期

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1、2022-2023年考博英语-西北农林科技大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in Atlantic City and landing on my head. Now I am thirty two. I can vaguely remember the brightness of sunshine and what color red is. It would be wonderful to see again, but

2、 a calamity can do strange things to people. It occurred to me the other day that I might not have come to love life as I do if hadnt been blind. I believe in life now. I am not so sure that I would have believed in it so deeply, otherwise, I dont mean that I would prefer to go without my eyes. I si

3、mply mean that the loss of them made me appreciate the more what I had left.Life, I believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality. The more readily a person is able to make these adjustments, the more meaningful his own private world becomes. The adjustment is never easy. I was bewilde

4、red and afraid. But I was lucky. My parents and my teachers saw something in me-a potential to live, you might call it which I didnt see, and they made me want to fight it out with blindness.The hardest lesson I had to learn was to believe in myself. That was basic. If 1 hadnt been able to do that,

5、I would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my life. When I say belief in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that: an assurance

6、 that I am, despite imperfections, a real, positive person; that somewhere in the sweeping, intricate pattern of people there is a special place where I can make myself fit.It took me years to discover and strengthen this assurance. It had to start with the most elementary things. Once a man gave me

7、 an indoor baseball, I thought he was mocking me and I was hurt. I cant use this. I said. Take it with you, he urged me, and roll it around. The words stuck in my head. Roll it around?. By rolling the ball I could hear where it went. This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought impossibl

8、e: playing baseball. At Philadelphias Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a successful variation of baseball. We called it ground ball.All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time. I had to learn my limitations. It was no good to try for some

9、thing I knew at the start was wildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of failure. I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress.1.The author of the story lost his eyesight by accident when he was four years old. T/F2.The author thinks that he is very lucky to

10、have become blind because he can do something more meaningful now. T/F3.The author began to adjust himself to the reality of being blind with the help of his parents and teachers. T/F4.The author was never afraid of making any adjustments and his private world thus became more meaningful. T/F5.The a

11、uthor would have become a useless person if he had not learned to believe in himself. T/F6.As a blind man, the author was very nervous every time he went down an unfamiliar staircase alone. T/F7.Once the author was given an indoor baseball, and he felt deeply hurt and became suspicious of people aro

12、und. T/F8.Learning to play ground ball is just one of the most elementary things that helped strengthen his assurance. T/F9.Whatever goal he set ahead of himself, he was always successful. T/F10.The story tells us that a person can always do something meaningful despite some imperfections in himself

13、 or herself. T/F问题1选项A.TB.F问题2选项A.TB.F问题3选项A.TB.F问题4选项A.TB.F问题5选项A.TB.F问题6选项A.TB.F问题7选项A.TB.F问题8选项A.TB.F问题9选项A.TB.F问题10选项A.TB.F【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:B第8题:A第9题:B第10题:A【解析】1.文中第一段“I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in Atlantic City and

14、landing on my head. 当我四岁的时候，我在大西洋城的一个货场里的一辆箱式汽车上掉下来，头撞在地上，失去了视力。”可知该陈述正确。2.由第一段中 “I dont mean that I would prefer to go without my eyes. I simply mean that the loss of them made me appreciate the more what I had left. 我不是说我宁愿失明，我的意思是，失去它们使我更感激我所留下的。”可推知“作者不以自己失明而庆幸”，故该陈述“作者认为自己失明是非常幸运的，因为现在他可以做一些更有意

15、义的事情”不正确。3.由第二段中第一句“Life, I believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality.我相信，生活要求对现实进行一系列持续的调整”及最后一句中“ .they made me want to fight it out with blindness.他们（即我的父母和老师）让我想与失明作斗争”可推断该陈述“在他的父母和老师的帮助下，作者开始调整自己接受失明的现实”正确。4.由第二段中“I was bewildered and afraid.我感到困惑和害怕” ，知该陈述“The author was neve

16、r afraid of making any adjustments.作者从未害怕做任何调整” 与原文不符；故该陈述不正确。5.由第三段中 “If I hadnt been able to do that, I would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my life. 如果我未曾那样做，我会崩溃，我会在前门廊的摇椅上度过我的余生”知该陈述中“如果他曾经没有学会相信自己，那么作者将成为一个无用的人”正确。6.由第三段中 “The hardest lesson I had t

17、o learn was to believe in myself. 我要学的最难的一课就是相信自己。”及“When I say belief in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. 当我说相信自己的时候，我并不是简单地说那种自信，它能帮助我独自走下陌生的楼梯。”可推断“在学会相信自己之前，作者对单独走下一个不熟悉的楼梯是不自信的”，故该陈述“作为 一个盲人，在平时独自走下一个不熟悉的楼梯时，作者曾经每

18、次都非常紧张”正确。7.由第四段中“I thought he was mocking me and I was hurt.我认为他正在嘲笑我， 我也因此受到伤害”及“This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseball. 这给了我一个想法，如何实现一个我认为不可能的目标：打棒球。”知该陈 述不正确。8.由倒数第二段中 “It took me years to discover and strengthen this assurance. It had to start with

19、 the most elementary things. 我花了几年时间才发现并加强了这种确信。 它必须从最基本的东西开始”及作者随后举例称“自己学会打自己发明的地滚球(即棒球)”可推知“学会打地滚球是帮助作者巩固确信的一个最基本的事情之一”，故该陈述是正确的。9.由最后一段中 “I had to learn my limitations. It was no good to try for something I knew at the start was wildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of fail

20、ure.我必须认识到自己的局限。去尝试那些一开始就知道根本无法实现的目标是没有好处的， 因为那样只会带来失败的痛苦”可推断“无论他的目标是什么，他总是成功的。”该陈述不正确。10.由最后一段中 “I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress.不管怎样，虽然我有时会失败，但总的来说我取得了进步。”及 “作者学会了打先前认为自己做不到的地滚球可推知这个“故事告诉我们：即使自身不完美，但是一个人总能做一些有 意义的事情”该陈述正确。2. 单选题Researchers are trying to tell parent

21、s something about what kinds of video games children should be playing and how much time they should spend doing it. A new study concludes what youve already suspected: Young boys who play video games do worse on tests than children who dont. Researchers who followed 64 boys from the ages of 6 to 9

22、for four months discovered that those who received a new PlayStation II gaming system earned lower reading and writing test scores than children who did not get the video game player. This comes on the heels of another recently reported study about video games, which concluded that kids who play vio

23、lent video games become more aggressive and less caring regardless of age, sex or culture than young people who dont play these games.The study on the effects of video games on schoolwork was conducted by Denison University associate professors Rebert Weis and Brittany Cerankosky, who graduated from

24、 Denison in 2008. It is called Effects of Video-Game Ownership on Young Boys Academic and Behavioral Functioning, and will be published in Psychological Science.Boys who received the system also showed greater teacher-reported academic problems at follow-up than children in the comparison group. The

25、 researchers followed 64 young boys over four months. Parents of the 64 were promised a PlayStation II gaming system in exchange for their participation, plus three E rated games. But half the families were given the video gaming system immediately and half were promised it after four months. The ch

26、ildren underwent a battery of tests before and after the four months and parents and teachers answered questions about how the boys behaved in school and at home.The conclusions show that, boys who were the first to get the Play Stations spent more time playing video games than the boys who didnt ge

27、t it immediately39.3 minutes versus 9.3 minutes. (The boys who didnt get the gaming system right away played at a friends house). Boys who were given the Play Stations right away spent 18.2 minutes a day in after-school academic activities versus 31.6 minutes for the kids who werent. The boys who ha

28、d the video games immediately achieved lower reading and writing test scores than those who didnt. But the Play Stations seemed to have no effect on the boys math and problem solving skills.Cerankosky said in a statement on the Denison University Web site that there isnt necessarily something inhere

29、nt in video games that negatively affect kids. Its an activity that detracts from time that could be spent on school work,” she said. If you are wondering why we needed a study to tell us that, the researchers say that conventional wisdom is not always accurate, and it is important to prove such bel

30、iefs through experimentation.1.The first paragraph implies that Evaluation is needed before buying children video games. T/F2.According to researchers, a new PlayStation II gaming system helped students improve their reading and writing test scores. T/F3.The effect on young girls who play violent vi

31、deo games proves to be less serious than that on young boys who play the same violent video games. T/F4.The two researchers on the effects of video games on schoolwork are Denison University graduates. T/F5.Parents of the 64 boys who were chosen for the study were immediately given a PlayStation II

32、gaming system in exchange for their participation. T/F6.The 64 boys chosen were given a series of tests before and after the four-months research. T/F7.The boys who didnt get the gaming system right away played at a friends house, but they played it for a much shorter time. T/F8.The boys who had the

33、 video games immediately achieved much lower test scores on math than those who didnt. T/F9.The study shows if kids spent the time on schoolwork that they wasted on games, they could do better on reading and writing. T/F10.The researchers say that conventional wisdom is not always correct. T/F问题1选项A

34、.TB.F问题2选项A.TB.F问题3选项A.TB.F问题4选项A.TB.F问题5选项A.TB.F问题6选项A.TB.F问题7选项A.TB.F问题8选项A.TB.F问题9选项A.TB.F问题10选项A.TB.F【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B第6题:A第7题:A第8题:B第9题:A第10题:A【解析】1.第一段提到 “A new study concludes what youve already suspected: Young boys who play video games do worse on tests than children who dont. 一

35、项新的研究证实了人们怀疑的事情：玩电子游戏的男孩在测试中比不玩电子游戏的孩子考试成绩更差。”可推断“在为小孩买电子游戏前需要进行评估”陈述正确。2.第一段提到“.who received a new PlayStation II gaming system earned lower reading and writing test scores than children who did not get the video game player.收到新的 PlayStation II游戏系统的孩子比没有收到该游戏系统的孩子在阅读和写作测试上的得分较低”可推断“研究者称新的PlayStatio

36、n II游戏系统帮助学生提高了阅读和写作测 试的得分”的陈述不正确。3.第一段提到“kids who play violent video games become more aggressive and less caringregardless of age, sex or culture than young people who dont play these games.玩暴力电子游戏的孩子不论年龄、性别或文化背景相比没有玩这些游戏的孩子会变得更有侵略性、更没有同情心”可知“暴力游戏对小孩的影响不分性别”， 故该陈述“事实证明，对玩暴力电子游戏的年轻女孩的影响不如玩同样暴力电子游戏的

37、年轻男孩严重。”不正确。4.第二段提到“.Denison University associate professors Rebert Weis and Brittany Cerankosky, who graduated from Denison in 2008丹尼森大学副教授Rebert Weis和在2008年毕业于丹尼森大学的Brittany Cerankosky”。“who graduated from Denison in 2008.” 只是 Brittany Cerankosky 的后置定语，由此可推断“Rebert Weis和Brittany Cerankosky两位研究人员并不

38、都是丹尼森大学的毕业生”，故该陈述不正确。5.第三段提到“But half the families were given the video gaming system immediately and half were promised it after four months.但是，一半的家庭是马上给予这个视频游戏系统，而另外一半的家庭是许诺在四个月以后给予该视频游戏系统”可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的参加这项研究的孩子父母立即获得了PlayStation II游戏系统，以此作为孩子们参与的条件。”不正确。6.第三段提到“The children underwent a battery

39、of tests before and after the four months. 孩子们在四个月前后接受了一系列的测试” 可推断该陈述“这64名被选中的男孩在四个月的研究前后接受了一系列测试。”正确。7.倒数第二段第一-句提到 “首先得到Play Stations游戏系统的小孩相比没有马 上得到该游戏系统的小孩花更多时间玩视频游戏，前者花在游戏上的时间是39.3分钟， 而在朋友家玩游戏的后者用在游戏上的时间是9.3分钟”，可推断该陈述“尽管那些没有马上拿到游戏系统的男孩在朋友家玩，但他们玩的时间要短得多”正确。8.倒数第二段提到“ But the Play Stations seemed

40、to have no effect on the boys math and problem solving skills.但是，Play Stations视频游戏系统似乎对男孩的数学成绩和解决问题的能力没有影响。” 可推断该陈述“马上得到视频游戏的男孩相比没有得到视频游戏的 那些男孩取得更低的数学测试得分”不正确。9.最后一段提到“there isnt necessarily something inherent in video games that negatively affect kids视频游戏本身并没有对小孩产生负面影响的东西”、“Its an activity that det

41、racts from time that could be spent on schoolwork.它( 即视频游戏 ) 这是一项活动，它减少了可以花在功课上的时间”可推断该陈述“这项研究表明，如果孩子们把时间花在学习上，而不是浪费在游戏上，他们的阅读和写作可以更好。”正确。10.最后一段提到“the researchers say that conventional wisdom is not always accurate, and it is important to prove such beliefs through experimentation. 研究人员说，传统的智慧并不总是准

42、确的，通过实验来验证这些观点很重要。” 可推断该陈述“研究人员认为传统智慧并不总是正确”正确。3. 单选题Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where altitudes are concerned（1） .In the past, the working-class tended to be paid les

43、s than middle class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence. （2） , having given his wife her “housekeeping”，would go out and squander the re

44、st on beer and betting.The stereotype of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was and still is inclined to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a most important thing, but he also considered the education of his children as extremel

45、y important. Both of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more, than th

46、eir middle-class supervisors. Social security and laws have made it less necessary than before to worry about tomorrow. （3） .In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position. （4） . They generally tend to share very simi

47、lar tastes in music and clothes, they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in previous generations.（5） As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts and jeal

48、ousies will emerge, or rather that the old conflicts will reappear, but between different groups. 问题1选项A.Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the pastB.Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have

49、) and the low-paidC.Idea about social class whether a person is working-class or middle-classis one area in which changes have been extremely slowD.The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger peopleE.Class differences have been eliminated for centuries

50、 in almost all societies around the worldF.The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed问题2选项A.Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the pastB.Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-p

51、aid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paidC.Idea about social class whether a person is working-class or middle-classis one area in which changes have been extremely slowD.The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger peopleE.Class dif

52、ferences have been eliminated for centuries in almost all societies around the worldF.The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed问题3选项A.Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the pastB.Nevertheless,

53、we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paidC.Idea about social class whether a person is working-class or middle-classis one area in which changes have been extremely slowD.The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most ea

54、sily seen amongst younger peopleE.Class differences have been eliminated for centuries in almost all societies around the worldF.The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed问题4选项A.Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of infer

55、iority they had in the pastB.Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paidC.Idea about social class whether a person is working-class or middle-classis one area in which changes have been extremely slowD.The changes in both lif

56、e-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger peopleE.Class differences have been eliminated for centuries in almost all societies around the worldF.The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed问题5选项A.Working-class people se

57、em slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the pastB.Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paidC.Idea about social class whether a person is working-class or middle-classis one area in which changes have b

58、een extremely slowD.The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger peopleE.Class differences have been eliminated for centuries in almost all societies around the worldF.The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was wi

59、dely believed【答案】第1题:C第2题:F第3题:A第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.前文含义“但是，在某些方面变化很小，特别是在某些高度上”可推断此处应是对“very little has changed”的举例，C项含义为“关于社会阶层的问题，即一个人是否为工人阶级或中产阶级，就是一个变化非常缓慢的领域”，符合题意，故选C。2.前文含义为“在过去，工人阶级的工资往往低于中产阶级，如教师和医生。 基于这一点以及工人工作的不安全性，人们生活方式和态度出现了明显的差异。”下文举例，空格后文的含义为“给一部分给妻子作为生活开支，剩下的出去喝酒和赌博”可知此处为工人阶级的做法，选项F含义为

60、“典型的工人阶级男人们，在周五晚上领薪水，大部分人认为”符合上下文，故选F。3.前文含义为“如今变化很大，在大多数情况下，工厂工人的收入可以与他们的中产阶级主管持平。 社会保障和法律也使人们不再担心“明天”。空格后文的含义为“事实上，在过去的几年里，中产阶级对自己的地位感到羞愧的趋势越来越明显。”可推断此处可能与 “工人阶级对自己过去的社会地位的感觉”相关，A 项含义为“工人阶级似乎在慢慢失去过去的那种自卑感” 符合上下文，故选A。4.空格后文的含义为“他们通常在音乐和衣服上有着相似的品味，为了玩得很开心他们愿意花钱，必要时还会为假期或长期计划储蓄。 与前几代相比，差异似乎要小得多。”此处可能

61、为对某种变化的举例。选项D的含义为“生活方式和态度的变化很可能很容易在年轻人中看到”符合上下文，故选D。5.空格后文的含义为“只要这种差距存在，就永远有可能出现新的冲突和猜忌，或者旧的冲突在不同的群体之间再次出现”可推断空格处应与某种差异相关，选项B的含义为“然而，在高薪（无论他们有什么样的工作）和低薪者之间仍然有很大的差距” 符合上下文，故选B。4. 单选题When Spanish explorers first entered the area now known as Hollywood, Native Americans were living in the canyons of th

62、e Santa Monica Mountains. Before long, the Indians had been moved to missions and the land which Hollywood now occupies was divided in two by the Spanish Government. Acreage to the west became part of Rancho La Brea and settlements to the East became Rancho Los Feliz.By the 1870s an agricultural com

63、munity flourished in the area and crops ranging from hay and grain to subtropical bananas and pineapples were thriving. During the 1880s, the Ranchos were sub-divided. In 1886, H. H. Wilcox bought an area of Rancho La Brea that his wife then christened Hollywood. Within a few years, Wilcox had devised a grid plan for his new community, paved Prospect Avenue (now Hollywood Boulevard) for his main street and was selling large residential lots to Wealthy Midwesterners looking to build homes so they could winter in California.Prospect Avenue soon became a prestigious residential stree