考研考博-考博英语-南京艺术学院模拟考试题含答案26

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1、考研考博-考博英语-南京艺术学院模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Grandma Moses is among the most celebrated twentieth century painters of the United States, yet she had barely started painting before she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself: “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.

2、” No one could have had a more productive age.She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. (“We came in bunches, like radishes.)At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until, at twenty seven, she married Tomas Moses, the hired hand of one

3、 of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only switched to oils in ol

4、d age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon spotted by a dealer who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art,

5、 and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals of the rural life she had known for so long, with a marvelous sense of color and form. I think really hard till I think of something really pretty,

6、and then I paint it” she said.1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?2.According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to（ ）.3.From Grandma Moses description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was（ ）.4.Grandma Moses spen

7、t most of her life（ ）.5.In line 14, the word “spotted” could best be replaced by（ ）.问题1选项A.Grandma Moses: A Biographical Sketch.B.The Children of Grandma Moses.C.Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition.D.Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists.问题2选项A.decorate her homeB.keep activeC.improve her salaryD.gain

8、 an international reputation问题3选项A.independentB.prettyC.wealthyD.timid问题4选项A.nursingB.paintingC.embroideriesD.farming问题5选项A.speckledB.featuredC.noticedD.damaged【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目问的是“最适合做文章标题的是”。文章全文讲述了Grandma Moses的个人及艺术生涯，选项A符合题意。2.细节事实题。题目问的是“Grandma Moses开始画画是为了”。文章第一段提到“

9、我不想坐在摇椅上等别人来帮助我”（I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me），第二段提到“想让自己把持忙碌来打发时间”（she wanted to keep busy and pass the time），由此可知选项B“保持活跃”符合题意。3.判断推理题。题目问的是“从第一段中Grandma Moses对于自己的描述可以得知”。文章第一段提到“我不想坐在摇椅上等别人来帮助我”（I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for s

10、omeone to help me），可以看出她是一个非常独立的人，选项A符合题意。4.细节事实题。题目问的是“Grandma Moses大部分时间花在了”。文章第二段提到“他们大半生时间是在农场度过的”（They farmed most of their lives），由此可知选项D符合题意。5.词义题。题目问的是“spotted可以由哪个词代替”。文章第二段中提到“（她的画作）很快被一个经销商，买走了她画的所有东西”（and were soon spotted by a dealer who bought everything she painted），可以推测画作很快被发现，接着被买走，

11、因此，spotted在这里的意思应该是“被发现，被注意到”，选项C符合题意。2. 单选题Its hardly news that the immigration system is a mess. Foreign nationals have long been slipping across the border with fake papers, and visitors who arrive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished. But since Sept.

12、11, its become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans. In addition to their mastery of forging passports, at least three of the 19 Sept. 11 hijackers were hear on expired visas. Thats been a safe bet until now. The Immigration and Naturalizat

13、ion Service (INS) lacks the resources, and apparently the inclination, to keep track of the estimated 2 million foreigners who have intentionally overstayed their welcome.But this laxness toward immigration fraud may be about to change. Congress has already taken some modest steps. The U.S.A. Patrio

14、t Act, passed in the wake of the Sept. 11 tragedy, required the FBI, the Justice Department, the State Department and the INS to share more data, which will make it easier to stop watch-listed terrorists at the border.But whats really needed, critics say, is even tougher laws and more resources aime

15、d at tightening up border security. Reformers are calling for a rollback of rules that hinder law enforcement. They also want the INS to hire hundreds more border patrol agents and investigators to keep illegal immigrants out and to track them down once theyre here. Reformers also want to see the IN

16、S set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to.All these proposed changes were part of a new border-security bill that passed the House of Representatives but died in the Senate last week. Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been bl

17、ocked by two powerful lobbies, universities, which rely on tuition from foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on foreigners for cheap labor. Since the attacks, theyve backed off. The bill would have passed this time but for congressional maneuverings and i

18、s expected to be reintroduced and to pass next year.Also on the agenda for next year a proposal, backed by some influential law-makers, to split the INS into two agencies-as good cop that would tend to service functions like processing citizenship papers and a bad cop that would concentrate on borde

19、r inspections deportation and other functions. One reason for the division, supporter say, is that the INS has in recent years become too focused on serving tourists and immigrants. After the Sept. 11 tragedy, the INS should pay more attention to serving the millions of ordinary Americans who rely o

20、n the nations border security to protect them from terrorist attacks.1.Terrorists have obviously taken advantage of（ ）.2.We learn from the passage that coordinated efforts will be made by various U.S. Government agencies to（ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that before Sept, 11, aliens with e

21、xpired visas（ ）.4.It is believed by many that all these years the INS（ ）.5.Before Sept，11，the U.S. Congress had been unable to pass stricter immigration laws because （ ）.问题1选项A.the legal privileges granted to foreignersB.the excessive hospitality of the American peopleC.the irresponsibility of the o

22、fficials at border checkpointsD.the low efficiency of the immigration and Naturalization Service问题2选项A.Refuse the renewing of expired visas.B.ward off terrorist suspects at the borderC.prevent the forgery of immigration papersD.limit the number of immigrants to the U.S问题3选项A.might have them extended

23、 without troubleB.would be closely watched by FBI agentsC.might stay on for as long as they wishedD.would live in constant fear of deportation问题4选项A.has been serving two contradictory functionsB.has been too liberal in granting visas to tourists and immigrants indiscriminatelyC.has over-emphasized i

24、ts service functions at the expense of the nations securityD.has ignored the picas of the two powerful lobbies问题5选项A.they might have kept away foreign students and cheap laborB.it was difficult to coordinate the efforts of the congressmenC.education and business circles cared little about national s

25、ecurityD.resources were not available for their enforcement【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第三句提到“但是自911事件以来，很明显的是恐怖分子们狡猾地利用了美国移民系统的弱点来实施他们的计划”（But since Sept.11, its become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans），选项D“移民规划服务的低效率”

26、符合题意。2.细节事实题。文章第二段最后一句提到“更容易将黑名单上的恐怖分子挡在国境之外”（which will make it easier to stop watch-listed terrorists at the border），选项B符合题意。3.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到“合法到美国的游客经常超过其合法停留时间而不受处罚”（and visitors who arrive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished），因此选项C“能一直待下去”符合题意。4.

27、细节事实题。文章最后一段最后两句话提到“支持者认为造成这种分歧的一个原因是移民规划局近来过于关注游客和移民服务。911事件后，移民管理局应该为数百万依赖美国边境安全的普通美国人服务”（One reason for the division, supporter say, is that the INS has in recent years become too focused on serving tourists and immigrants. After the Sept. 11 tragedy, the INS should pay more attention to serving

28、the millions of ordinary Americans who rely on the nations border security to protect them from terrorist attacks）。选项C“以国家安全为代价来过分重视它的服务功能”符合题意。5.细节事实题。文章第四段第二句提到“在911事件之前，这类法案被两个强大的游说团体阻扰：一个是依赖外国留学生缴纳学费的各大高校，一个是依赖廉价劳动力的工商界，而留学生和劳动力都有可能因此而被拒绝入境”（Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been blo

29、cked by two powerful lobbies, universities, which rely on tuition from foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on foreigners for cheap labor），选项A“可能组织留学生和外国廉价劳动力”符合题意。3. 翻译题Put the following two passages into English.自新中国成立以来，南京发生的巨大而深刻的变化令人欢欣鼓舞。从1949年4 月23日

30、开始，人民真正成为这座古老城市的主人。人民在自己的土地上辛勤劳作， 把古城南京装扮得面貌一新，特别是近十几年，改革开放又给这座美丽的名城注入了新的活力，崭新的工作、通达的运输、如画的城市建设、兴盛的第三产业、多彩的文化生活，都使这个具有古都特色的现代化城市焕发出勃勃英姿。南京，这座古老而又年轻的历史文化名城，是多么可爱！“儿时”的可爱是“无知”。那时侯，件件都是“知”，你每天可以做大科学家 和大哲学家，每天在发现什么新的现象，新的真理。现在呢？什么都已经知道了， 熟悉了，每个人的脸都已经看厌了。宇宙和社会是那么陈旧，无味，虽然它们其实比“儿时”新鲜得多了。我于是想念“儿时”，祷告“儿时 不能够

31、前进的吋候， 就愿意退后几步,替自己恢复己经走过的前途。请求“无知”回来，给我求知的快乐。【答案】Great and profound changes have taken place in Nanjing since the foundation of New China. The common people have become the genuine masters of this old city since April 23, 1949. The people of Nanjing who have been working hard on their own land have

32、given this age-old city a new appearance. Especially for the past ten years or more, Chinas reform and opening-up policy has brought more fresh vigor to this beautiful and famous city. New jobs, efficient transportation networks extending in all directions, picturesque city construction, prosperous

33、tertiary industries and various and colorful cultural lives, have added charm and vitality to this modern city which retains somehow the features of an ancient capital. How lovely Nanjinga historic and cultural city which is old and young is!The childhoods loveliness is ignorant. During that period,

34、 everything was new to us, and every day we could be a great scientist or philosopher; each day we discovered new phenomena and new truths. How about now? Now everything is familiar to us, but were tired of looking at everybodys face. The universe and society are so old and tasteless, although they

35、are much fresher than childhood. Then I miss my childhood and pray for it. When we cannot advance any more, we like to take a few steps back to restore the future we have passed. We ask for the return of “childish ignorance” to let us re-experience the joy of knowledge-seeking.4. 单选题Given the lack o

36、f fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badl

37、y in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their pre-collegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal reports support this Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin ,

38、 Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.” Often these children realize that they know more than thei

39、r teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they l

40、acked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach,” As noted earlier, gifted ch

41、ildren of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconforinity and stubbornness are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families

42、 than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lyun Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High -IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross bad much more positive feelings about their families than their

43、schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.1.The main point the author is making about schools is that（ ）.2.The author quotes the remarks of one o

44、f Oliver Goldsmiths teachers（ ）.3.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who（ ）.4.Many gifted people attributed their success（ ）.5.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that （ ）.问题1选项A.they should satisfy the needs of students from differ

45、ent family backgroundsB.they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsC.they should organize their classes according to the students abilityD.they should enroll as many gifted students as possible问题2选项A.to provide support for his argumentB.to illustrate the strong will of som

46、e gifted childrenC.to explain how dull students can also be successfulD.to show how poor Olivers performance was at school问题3选项A.paid no attention to their teachers in classB.contradicted their teachers much too oftenC.could not cope with their studies at school successfullyD.behaved arrogantly and

47、stubbornly in the presence of their teachers问题4选项A.mainly to parental help and their education at homeB.both to school instruction and to their parents coachingC.more to their parents encouragement than to school trainingD.Less to their systematic education than to their talent问题5选项A.their nonconfor

48、mity brought lliem a lot of troubleB.they were seldom praised by their teachersC.school courses failed to inspire or motivate themD.teacher were usually far stricter than their parents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句提到“如果有天赋的学生与学校互相不适应，也就不奇怪他们对读书经历没什么好感”（Given the lack of fit betwee

49、n gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience），选项B“它们经常满足不了有天赋的学生的要求”符合题意。2.判断推理题。文章第一段提到如Oliver Goldsmith这类有天赋的学生不喜欢学校，接下来列举了他们的学校经历来作证，因此作者引用Oliver老师中的一位的话是为了给自己的论证提供事实支持，选项A符合题意。3.细节事实题。文章第二段第一句提到“这些具有天赋的学生

50、中的一些人在学校可能因为天赋不在学业方面，因此表现很差，比如毕加索”（Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way），因此选项C“无法应对学校里的学习”符合题意。4.细节事实题。文章最后一段第一句提到“当谈到能力培养的重要影响因素时，这些天赋极高的人谈论得更多的是他们的家庭而不是学校或者老师”（When highly gifted students in

51、 any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers），选项A“主要是父母在家里的教育”符合题意。5.细节事实题。文章第二段第三句提到“但是大多数人在学校表现不好，并不是因为他们缺乏能力，而是因为他们觉得学校没有挑战性，因此失去了兴趣”（But most fared poorly in school not because t

52、hey lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest），选项C“学校课程不能鼓励和激发他们的兴趣”符合题意。5. 翻译题Put the following two passages into Chinese.It is simple enough to say that since books have fiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is

53、right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce o

54、ur own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author, try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize as first, you are preventing yourself from getting the f

55、ullest possible value from what you read. Bu if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints, from the twist and turn of the fist sentences, will bring you into the presence of human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find

56、 that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.Let me come to the point boldly; what governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. It is nothing spiritual or mysterious. When , in his garden or by his fire，he sprawls in an aggressiv

57、ely comfortable chair; when he is choosing his clothes or his professionnever is it a precise reason, or purpose, or outer fact that determines him; it is always the atmosphere of his inner man.【答案】既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分，我们就应该把它们分类，从中吸收它们应该给予的知识。这说起来很容易。然而很少有人要求书本应该给予的知识。我们总是囫囵吞枣般去看书，要求小说必须真实，要求诗歌必须虚构，要求传记谄

58、媚，要求历史书能加强自己的偏见。如果我们读书之前能抛开这些偏见，将会是一个好的开始。不要去强加你的想法给作者，而是要去理解他，成为他的伙伴。如果你将自己置身事外，并且从一开始就批判他，你就无法从书中获得最大的价值。但是如果你敞开心扉，那么书中精细入微的寓言和暗示便会让你从开头那些晦涩的句子中绕出来，把你带到一个独特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去钻研，你很快会发现，作者正向你阐述的或者是试图向你阐述的东西是一些比原来要明确得多的东西。让我直接切入正题：支配英国人的是他内心的情调，灵魂深处的气象。它既不是精神上的，也不神秘。在花园中或者壁炉旁，他会伸展四肢躺在一张舒服的椅子上；当挑选衣服或者职业时

59、，并不是有明确的理由、目的，或者外部条件来制约他的决定，仅仅取决于他内在的情调。6. 单选题There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to

60、 know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly taught to rulers by ancient writers, who related how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable of this semi-animal, semi-human

61、teacher is meant to indicate that a prince must know how to use both natures, and that the one without the other is not durable. A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps; and the fox cannot def

62、end himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist, if men were all good, this precept would not be go

63、od; but as they are bad; and would not observe their faith with you, so you are not bound to keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfillment of his promise. Of this one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and

64、 show how many times peace has been broken, and how many promises rendered worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been able to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner and dissembler, and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities, that the one who deceives will always find those who allow themselves to be