2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师点拨押题密卷100（含答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师点拨押题密卷（含答案详解）1. 单选题African-American women poets also（ ）to the literary achievement of the Harlem Renaissance, particularly in their articulation of race, class and gender issues.问题1选项A.contributedB.approachedC.adaptedD.elevated【答案】A【解析】句意:非裔美国女性诗人也对哈莱姆文艺复兴吋期的文学成就做出了贡献，尤其是她们在种族、阶级

2、和性别问题上的表达。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。contribute贡献，出力，投稿，捐献；approach接近，着手处理； adapt使适应，改编；elevate提升，维起，振奋情绪等。2. 单选题The joys of travel, having long（ ）the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.问题1选项A.omittedB.threatenedC.worriedD.fascinated【答案】A【解析】句意：对于残疾人来说已经久违的旅行的快乐，现在几乎对每个有出行工具的人都敞

3、开了大门。考查动词辨析。omit 省略，遗漏；threat 威胁，恐吓；worry 担忧；fascinate 使着迷。此处用omit表示“对于残疾人来说已经久违的旅行的快乐”。故选A。3. 单选题Many years ago, I was interviewing for a CIO (Chief Information Officer) position at Brown University. Howard Swearer, the president of Brown at that time, asked me: “What is the greatest（1）that you wou

4、ld bring to the position?” I answered: “I am multilingual.” He（2）at me for a moment, as if I had lost my mind entirely. I went on to（3）that I was capable of effectively（4）with faculty, with students, with vendors, with trustees, and with other administrators. The CIO needs to be able to interact eff

5、ectively and be respected by a variety of audiences.Effectiveness of interaction is（5）on whether or not an individual can understand the（6）and problems being faced by a particular user. This is true on the academic side of the house, where one needs to understand the technology requirements and prob

6、lems of a particle physicist, a classicist, or an economist. There are different（7）for data files, transmission speeds, and many other IT issues that directly affect the scholarship of these varying disciplines. The ability to（8）some of these scholarly requirements is（9）to being viewed as a partner

7、in the academic enterprise rather than just as some bureaucrat who has（10）for the IT environment on campus.问题1选项A.trengthB.newsC.possibilityD.change问题2选项A.nterviewedB.staredC.wonderedD.angered问题3选项A.nswerB.explainC.indicateD.demonstrate问题4选项A.alkingB.speakingC.cooperatingD.communicating问题5选项A.epende

8、dB.basedC.resultedD.taken问题6选项A.hocksB.worriesC.questionsD.concerns问题7选项A.eedsB.issuesC.elementsD.concerns问题8选项A.nowB.find outC.look forD.understand问题9选项A.pecialB.inevitableC.essentialD.required问题10选项A.oncernsB.worriesC.responsibilityD.confidence【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:D第9题:C第10题:

9、C【解析】1.名词辨析。strength 力量,优势;news 新闻,消息;possibility 可能性,可能发生的事物;change 变化,找回的零钱。根据下文中的回答I am multilingual(我能使用多种语言)”可知A符合句意。2.固定搭配。此处句意为:他盯了我一会儿,似乎我已完全神志不清。Stare at 凝视,盯住。3.动词辨析。此处句意为:我继续解释。answer 回答;explain 说明,解释;indicate 表明,指出,预示;demonstrate 证明,展示。故选B。4.动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。此处句意为:首席信息官需要能与各种受众进行有效

10、的交流且被后者尊敬。talk 谈话;speak说话,演讲;cooperate 合作,配合;communicate 通讯,相通,交流。故选D。5.固定搭配。此处句意为:互动的有效性建立在此基础上:一个人能否懂得特定使用者面临的和问题。be based on 建立在基础上。6.名词辨析。四个选项均为对应名词的复数形式。shock 休克,震惊,震动;worry 担心,烦恼;question 问题,疑问,询问;concern 关系,关心,担心,忧虑。And连接空格和problems (问题),因此推测D项符合句意。7.名词辨析。四个选项均为对应名词的复数形式。need需求,要求;issue问题,发布;

11、element 元素,成分;concern 关系,关心 。空格前句意为: 这在学院的学术方面是 真实的,在这里一个人需要其懂得粒子物理学家、古典主义者或经济学家的技术需求和问题。由此可知A项符合句意。8.逻辑分析。know 知道,认识,懂得;find out 査明,发现;look for 寻找,understand 理解,懂得。前面句子指出: needs to understand the technology requirements and problems of a particle physicist, a classicist, or an economist (需要懂得粒子物理学家

12、、古典主义者或经济学家的技术需求和问题),因此此处表示:理解这些学术需要的能力,因此D项符合句意。9.短语辨析。由空格后 “viewed as a partner in the academic enterprise 被认为是学术事业上的合作者”的对应知这里指代“必不可少的能力”, be essential to being是必不可少的, 故选C。其他搭配为: be special to 是所特有的;be inevitable to 是不可避免的;be required to 被要求。10.名词辨析。句意:理解这些学术要求的能力对于被视为学术企业的合作伙伴来说是非常重要的,而不仅仅是一些对校园

13、IT环境负责的官僚。因此C项“责任,职责,义务”正确。4. 单选题“Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I（ ）the green one.”问题1选项A.would rather have boughtB.would rather buyC.would have rather boughtD.rather had bought【答案】A【解析】句意:“你的丈夫买了哪一件外套？ ”“黑色的那件外套，但我宁愿买绿色的那件。”语法题。考查虚拟语气。这里表示对过去已发生事情的假设,所以表示对过去的虚拟: would rather

14、 have+done。故选A。5. 单选题Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help（ ）friendly relations between our two universities.问题1选项A.fosterB.harnessC.installD.exhibit【答案】A【解析】句意:频繁的文化交流必将有助于促进我们两所大学之间的友好关系。考查动词辨析。foster 培养,促进;harness 驾驭,利用;install 安装,安顿：exhibit 展览,显示,提出。由题干关键词“friendly relations(友好关系)”可知A符合

15、句意。6. 单选题Englands team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to（ ）themselves for last year defeat.问题1选项A.reviveB.resortC.remedyD.revenge【答案】D【解析】句意:现在的英格兰队踌躇满志，决心在下周的比赛中全力以赴，以雪去年失败之耻。考查动词辨析。revive （使）苏醒，复活，重新使用；resort与to构成搭配resort to sth.诉诸于；remedy 改正，纠正；revenge报仇, 雪耻。故D正确。7.

16、 单选题There are many kinds of metals,（ ）its special properties问题1选项A.each havingB.every havingC.each hasD.one has【答案】A【解析】句意:这里有很多种金属，每一种都有它特有的属性。语法题。考查独立主格。“its special properties它特有的属性”的逻辑主语是空格前“metals金属”,因此这里使用独立主格结构来 表示补充说明。8. 单选题This area of the park has been specially（ ）for children, but accompa

17、nying adults are also welcome.问题1选项A.inauguratedB.designatedC.entitledD.delegated【答案】B【解析】句意:公园的这个区是专门为孩子们设定的，但是也欢迎陪同的成年人。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式表被动。inaugurate开辟，举行开幕典礼，举行就职典礼；designate 指定，标出，be designated for 为而设；entitle 定名为，给称号，使有权利，常用于be entitled to表示有资格；delegate委派为代表，委任。故B符合句意。9. 单选题Wagner once（

18、）with another musician to compose a piece of music that was popular with the young people.问题1选项A.mergedB.constitutedC.partitionedD.collaborated【答案】D【解析】句意:瓦格纳曾与另一位音乐家合作创作了一首深受年轻人欢迎的音乐。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。merge合并，吞没;constitute组成，建立；partition 分割，分隔，区分；collaborate 合作，勾结，通敌。10. 单选题Fuel scarcities（ ）auto

19、mobile designers to develop small-displacement vehicles for public use.问题1选项A.promptedB.encouragedC.fomentedD.spotlighted【答案】A【解析】句意:燃料短缺促使汽车设计师开发供公众使用的小排量汽车。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去式。prompt 提示，促使，激起；encourage鼓励，激励；foment 煽动，挑起；spotlight聚光照明，使公众注意。因此A符合句意。11. 单选题The selfish people are mainly（ ）with what t

20、hey can personally get out of the organization.问题1选项A.imperviousB.concernedC.scandalousD.suspicious【答案】B【解析】句意:自私的人主要关心自己个人能从组织中得到什么东西。考查形容词辨析。impervious 不受影响的，无动于衷的，不能渗透的；concerned 有关的，关心的；scandalous 可耻的；suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。Be concerned with 关心。故选B。12. 单选题While typing Helen has a habit of stoppi

21、ng（ ）to give her long and flowing hair smooth.问题1选项A.occasionallyB.simultaneouslyC.eventuallyD.promptly【答案】A【解析】句意:当Helen打字的时候，她有一个习惯：偶尔停下来平整她飘逸的长发。考查副词辨析。occasionally 偶尔，有吋候;simultaneously 同吋地；eventually最终；promptly迅速地，敏捷地。根据题干关键词“stop to give(停下来去)”可知A项符合句意。13. 单选题Luckily, there were no secondary i

22、nfections and both of the patients（ ）.问题1选项A.livedB.revivedC.survivedD.existed【答案】C【解析】句意:幸运的是没有继发感染且这两位病人活下来了。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Live住,居住,生存; revive (使)苏醒,复活,重新使用; survive生存,存活,继续存在,幸存; exist 存在,实际上有,生活。故C符合句意。14. 单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched th

23、e（ ）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】句意:一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了，当在电视上看到这个悲惨的场景时，人们是难过的。考查形容词辨析。panic恐慌的，惊慌失措的；patriotic 爱国的;pathetic 可怜的，令人同情的，悲惨的；periodic 周期的，定期的。根据前半句句意“一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了”可知C正确。15. 单选题A recent history of the Chicago meat-packing industry and its workers examines

24、 how the industry grew from its appearance in the 1830s through the early 1890s. Meat-packers, the author argues, had good wages, working conditions, and prospects for advancement within the packing-houses, and did not cooperate with labor agitators since labor relations were so harmonious. Because

25、the history maintains that conditions were above standard for the era, the frequency of labor disputes, especially in the mid-1880s, is not accounted for. The work ignores the fact that the 1880s were crucial years in American labor history, and that the packing-house workers efforts were part of th

26、e national movement for labor reform.In fact, other historical sources for the late-nineteenth century record deteriorating housing and high disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial community, due to low wages and unhealthy working conditions. Additional data from the University of Chica

27、go suggest that the packing-houses were dangerous places to work. The government investigation commissioned by President Theodore Roosevelt which eventually led to the adoption of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act found the packing-houses unsanitary, while social workers observed that most of the workers

28、 were poorly paid and overworked.The history may be too optimistic because most of its data from the 1880s and the information provided from that decade are insufficiently analyzed. Conditions actually declined in the 1880s and continued to decline after the 1880s, due to a reorganization of the pac

29、king process and a massive influx of unskilled workers. The deterioration in worker status, partly a result of the new availability of unskilled and hence cheap labor, is not discussed. Though a detailed account of work in the packing-houses is attempted, the author fails to distinguish between the

30、wages and conditions for skilled workers and for those unskilled laborers who comprised the majority of the industrys workers from the 1880s on. While conditions for the former were arguably tolerable due to the strategic importance of skilled workers in the complicated slaughtering, cutting, and pa

31、cking process (though worker complaints about the rate and conditions of work were frequent), pay and conditions for the latter were wretched. The authors misinterpretation of the origins of the feelings the meat-packers had for their industrial neighborhood may account for the historys faulty gener

32、alizations.The pride and contentment the author remarks upon were, arguably, less the products of the industrial world of the packers the giant yards and the intricate plants - than of the unity and vibrancy(活跃)of the ethnic cultures that formed a viable community on Chicagos South Side. Indeed, the

33、 strength of this community succeeded in generating a social movement that effectively confronted the problems of the industry that provided its livelihood.1. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing（ ）.2.The author of the passage mentions all of the following as describing negative condit

34、ions in the meat-packing industry EXCEPT（ ）.3.The author of the passage mentions the “social movement” (in the last paragraph) generated by Chicagos South Side community primarily in order to（ ）.4.According to the passage, the working conditions of skilled workers in the meat-packing industry during

35、 the 1880s were influenced by（ ）.5. The author of the passage uses the second paragraph to（ ）.问题1选项A.how historians ought to explain the origins of the conditions in the Chicago meat-packing industryB.why it is difficult to determine the actual nature of the conditions in the Chicago meat-packing in

36、dustryC.why a particular account of the conditions in the Chicago meat-packing industry is inaccurateD.what ought to be included in any account of the Chicago meat-packers role in the national labor movement问题2选项A.data from the University of ChicagoB.social workersC.a recent history of the meat-pack

37、ing industryD.historical sources for the late nineteenth century问题3选项A.inform the reader of events that occurred in the meat-packing industry after the period of time covered by the historyB.introduce a new issue designed to elaborate on the good relationship between the meat-packers and Chicagos et

38、hnic communitiesC.salvage the historys point of view by suggesting that there were positive developments in the meat-packing industry due to worker unityD.suggest the historys limitations by pointing out a situation that the history failed to explain adequately问题4选项A.the workers determined complaint

39、s about the rate and conditions of their workB.the efforts of social workers to improve sanitation in the packing-housesC.the workers ability to perform the industrys complex tasksD.improvements in the industrys packing process that occurred in the 1880s问题5选项A.summarize the main point of the history

40、 discussed in the passageB.explain why the history discussed in the passage has been disparaged by criticsC.evaluate the findings of recent studies that undermine the premises of the history discussed in the passageD.present evidence that is intended to refute the argument of the history discussed i

41、n the passage【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一段指出: The work ignores the fact that the 1880s were crucial years in American labor history, and that the packing-house workers efforts were part of the national movement for labor reform (这个作品忽视了十九世纪八十年代是美国劳工 历史上重要时期的事实和肉类加工工人的努力是美国全国性劳工改革运动的一部

42、分)以及第三段指出:The authors misinterpretation of the origins of the feelings the meat-packers had for their industrial neighborhood may account for the historys faulty generalizations (作者对肉类加工商对其工业区的感受的起源的误解，可能是历史错误概括的原因)。因此该文章主要讨论“为何有关芝加哥肉类加工业情况的叙述是错误的”。2.细节事实题。题干问:本文作者提到以下所有描述肉类包装行业负面状况的内容，除了。A:来自芝加哥大学的

43、资料,第二段指出: Additional data from the University of Chicago suggest that the packing-houses were dangerous places to work(来自芝加哥大学的附加资料表明肉类加工厂的工作环境是危险的),因此A符合原文所述。B:社会工作者, 由第二段中 “while social workers observed that most of the workers were poorly paid and overworked(与此同吋，社会工作者发现大多数工人收入非常差且工作过度)”可知B正确。C:肉

44、类加工业的近代史, 第一段指出: Meat-packers, the author argues, had good wages, working conditions, and prospects for advancement within the packing-houses, and did not cooperate with labor agitators since labor relations were so harmonious(作者（即近代史的作者）辩称，肉类加工工人的工资待遇、工资条件和发展前景都不错，且肉类加工工人没有与劳工纠纷鼓动者合作的 原因是该行业的劳工关系非常

45、和睦),因此C项错误。D:第二段指出:In fact, other historical sources for the late-nineteenth century record deteriorating housing and high disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial community, due to low wages and unhealthy working conditions(事实上，其它针对十九世纪晚期的历史资料记录了由于低工资和不健康的工作环境导致的工业区内住房的不断恶化、高患病率和婴儿死率),由

46、此可知D正确。因此本题选C。3.判断推理题。第一段指出: The work ignores the fact that the 1880s were crucial years in American labor history, and that the packing-house workers5 efforts were part of the national movement for labor reform (这个作品忽视了十九世纪八十年代是美国劳工历史上重要吋期的这个事实和肉类加工工人的努力是美国全国性劳工改革运 动的一部分),故选D“通过指出这段历史记录未能适当地解释的一种情况

47、表现这段历史记录的局限性”。4.细节事实题。第三段指出: While conditions for the former were arguably tolerable due to the strategic importance of skilled workers in the complicated slaughtering, cutting, and packing process （though worker complaints about the rate and conditions of work were frequent）, pay and conditions for

48、 the latter were wretched (虽然前者（即有技能的肉类加工工人）的状况因其在复杂的屠宰、切割和包装步骤中的关键重要性可能是可容忍的（尽管工人经常抱怨工作的速度和条件），但是后者的（即没有技能的肉类加工工人）的收入和状况却是无法容忍的),因此C项“这些工人去履行这个行业复杂工作的能力”正确。5.判断推理题。第一段首先指出近代史的作者辩称，肉类加工工人的工资待遇、工资条件和发展前景都不错，且肉类加工工人没有与劳工纠纷鼓动者合作的原因是该行业的劳工关系非常和睦。第二段说: In fact, other historical sources for the late-ninet

49、eenth century record deteriorating housing and high disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial community, due to low wages and unhealthy working conditions. Additional data from the University of Chicago suggest that the packing-houses were dangerous places to work (事实上，其它针对十九世纪晚期的历史资料记录了由

50、于低工资和不健康的工作环境导致的工业区内住房的不断恶化、高患病率和婴儿死亡率。来自芝加哥大学的附加资料暗示肉类加工厂的工作环境是危险的),由此看出第二段是对第一段内容的反驳。故选D“提出证据来反驳文中讨论的这段历史记录的论据”。16. 单选题Would you please conic and help me with this application form because I dont know how to（ ）it.问题1选项A.set asideB.set upC.set offD.set about【答案】D【解析】句意:我不知如何开始，所以你能过来帮助我做下这个申请表格不？考查

51、短语辨析。Set aside 留出,驳回,把放在一边;set up建立;set off 出发,引起,使爆炸,抵消；set about 着手,开始做。D符合句意。17. 单选题（ ）your inquires, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.问题1选项A.In relation toB.In request toC.In response toD.In answer to【答案】C【解析】句意:对于你的询问，我们遗憾地告诉你我们在这件事情上帮不了你。考查短语辨析。in relation to 关于，涉

52、及；in request to无此搭配；in response to 响应，回答，对 有反应（比较正式的表达方式）；in answer to 回答，应要求（不正式的口语表达方式）。因此C符合句意。18. 单选题The mailman should be here（ ）; in fact, lie should be here in about five minutes.问题1选项A.retrospectivelyB.previouslyC.currentlyD.presently【答案】D【解析】句意:这个邮差应该一会儿就到这里了；事实上，他应该是在5分钟后到这里。考查副词辨析。retrosp

53、ectively 回顾地；previously 以前，预先，仓促地；currently 当前，现在；presently 回前，一会儿，不久。根据后半句句意可知D符合句意。19. 单选题Land belongs to the city; there is（ ）tiling as private ownership of land.问题1选项A.no such aB.not suchC.not such aD.no such【答案】D【解析】句意:土地属于城市，没有诸如土地私人所有的事情。考查固定句式。there is no such thing as. 没有如样的事情。20. 单选题This is not the right（ ）to ask for my help; I am far too busy even to listen.问题1选项A.timeB.opportunityC.chanceD.case【答案】A【解析】句意:这不是向我寻求帮助的恰当吋机，我太忙了，甚至没时间倾听。考查固定搭配。it is the right time to do sth. 是做某事的恰当时机。故选A。