2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷35（附答案带详解）

《2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷35（附答案带详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷35（附答案带详解）（16页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题（ ） for more than five to seven minutes, the brain will be subjected to irreversible damage.问题1选项A.Oxygen once deprived ofB.Once deprived of oxygenC.Deprived of oxygen onceD.Once oxygen deprived of【答案】B【解析】句意: 一旦缺氧超过5到7分钟，大脑就会受到不可逆的损害。语法题。考查动词过去分词。句子前半部分为Onc

2、e引导的时间状语从句，Once需放在句首，故排除选项A和C;分句的逻辑主语应为the brain, 主语与从句动词构成被动关系, 所以应该用deprived of oxygen。故选B。2. 单选题The opportunity was almost （ ）grabbed.问题1选项A.too good to beB.too good not to beC.so good to beD.too good【答案】B【解析】句意: 该机会几乎太好了，不可能不被抓住。固定搭配。too+形容词或副词+not to be太不可能不。3. 单选题She resorted to （ ）when she ha

3、d no money to buy foods for her children.问题1选项A.have stolenB.stealC.stoleD.stealing【答案】D【解析】句意: 当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西吋，她就开始偷。固定搭配。resort to依靠，求助于。其中to是介词， 后接动词时需用-ing形式。4. 单选题（ ） John, I began to trust my feelings and began to believe in my ability.问题1选项A.Due toB.Obliged toC.By virtue ofD.Thanks to【答案】D【解析】句

4、意: 由于约翰，我开始相信自己的感觉和能力。短语辨析。Due to 因为, 由于; Obliged to不得不(做), 后面不接原因状语; By virtue of 由于, 凭借; Thanks to 幸亏, 由于, 可以引导原因状语。故选D。5. 单选题If I （ ）harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.问题1选项A.workedB.were to workC.had workedD.were working【答案】C【解析】句意: 如果我上学的时候努力学习，现在我就坐在一间舒适的办公室里了。语法题

5、。考查虚拟语气。前半句是对过去事实的一种假设, 因此应该用过去完成时。6. 单选题He said that hed sooner die than （ ）.问题1选项A.betrayB.to betrayC.betrayedD.begraying【答案】A【解析】句意: 他声称自己宁死也不会背叛自己的祖国。固定搭配。 had sooner+动词原形+than do sth. 宁可做某事而不做某事。7. 单选题That the driver （ ）in order to avoid an accident could be proven by examining the marks on the

6、 pavement.问题1选项A.swervedB.acceleratedC.dissolvedD.withdrew【答案】A【解析】句意: 那个司机突然转向是为了避免意外发生，这可以通过检查路面印记予以证实。动词辨析。Swerve突然转向; accelerate加速，促进; dissolve溶解，解散; withdraw撤退，离开。故A符合句意。8. 单选题Politically these nations tend to be （ ），with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.

7、问题1选项A.unstableB.reluctantC.rationalD.unsteady【答案】A【解析】句意: 这些国家出生率很高而教育和文化水平低下，所以政治上不稳定。形容词辨析。Unstable不稳定的,不牢固的; reluctant不情愿的，勉强的; rational合理的，理性的; unsteady不安定的，反复无常的。因此A符合句意。9. 翻译题Put the following sentences into Chinese.In industrialized countries, machines accomplish the very tiring physical wor

8、k that unskilled laborers used to do in both manufacturing and agriculture.Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble but still having the same mass and a stronger gravitational pull, and you have some idea of the force of a black hole.Above all, we should avoid deciding what we think about p

9、eople different from ourselves without first having learned a great deal about them and the kind of lives they have to live.The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering, that there is no chance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia.Engi

10、neers working on other advances are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers, giving robots a sense of touch.Electric power was too important to human beings. Shutting it off for even a short time would have let to complete confusion.Successful parenting begins by commun

11、icating to children that they belong, and are loved for no other reason than just because they exist.Without a healthy self-esteem they may cope by acting out problems rather than talking them out or by withdrawing and remaining indifferent toward themselves and others.Evidence of the moderation of

12、the major parties is that much business is conducted across party lines.It has been found that day-dreaming improves a persons ability to be better adapted to practical, immediate concerns, to solve everyday problems, and to come up more readily with new ideas.【答案】在工业化国家，机器完成相当繁重的体力活，即非技术工人曾经在制造业和农业

13、所做的工作。设想一下地球缩小到玻璃弹子的大小，但仍然有同样的质量和重力，你就能对黑洞的力量有所了解了。重要的是，在对与我们不同的人以及他们所过的生活有足够的了解之前，我们应当避免先入为主。准则规定，当病人承受着极大的痛苦，没有治愈的可能，并且再三要求的情况下才能服用安乐死。力争在其他方而有所突破的工程技术人员正在设计和试验新型金属手臂和手指，使机器人具有触觉。电力对人类非常重要。短时间的电源切断都可能导致整体混乱。成功的育儿之道源于让孩子知道，他们属于这个家庭，他们被宠爱,不因为别的，只因为他们自身的存在。由于没有健康的自尊心，他们在处理问题时，不是提出问题，而是用行动把问题表现出来，或是退缩

14、以及采取对自己和他人保持冷漠的态度。主要政党采取温和的政策,证据是许多事务都是超越党派界限进行的。研究发现，做白日梦能提高一个人的能力，使其能更好地适应实践性和紧急性的事务，来解决日常问题，并且能更快想出新的办法。10. 单选题Dont bother to arrange a meal, because we have just had lunch and able to eat anything（ ）问题1选项A.neither he nor I areB.neither he nor I isC.neither I nor he isD.neither he nor I am【答案】D【解

15、析】句意: 不用费心再安排一顿饭了，我们刚吃过午饭，我们都吃不下了。语法题。考查主谓一致。neither.nor.，either.or., not only. but also.都是就近原则， 也就是谓语动词和最近的主语保持数或者谓语动词的一致，故排除A项和B项。英语中同时有第三人称和第一人称时,一般第一人称放后面,故选D。11. 单选题（ ） you come yesterday, you would have seen him.问题1选项A.HadB.ifC.whenD.should【答案】A【解析】句意: 如果你昨天来了，就可以见到他了。语法题。考查虚拟语气。此句是对过去的虚拟,从句要用

16、过去完成时。Had you come yesterday =if you had come yesterday。12. 单选题Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to

17、 look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years so why shouldnt we? Take a broader look at our species place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds,

18、of thousands of years (see “100,000 AD: Living in the deep future”). Look up Homo sapiens in the IUCNs “Red List” of threatened species, and you will read: Listed as LeastConcern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in a

19、n overall population decline.”So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation, based in San Francisco, has created a forum where thinkers and scientists are invited to project th

20、e implications of their ideas over very long timescales. Its flagship project is a mechanical clock, buried deep inside a mountain in Texas, that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Then there are scientists who are giving serious consideration to the idea that we should re

21、cognize a new geological era: the Anthropocene. They, too, are pulling the camera right back and asking what humanitys impact will be on the planet - in the context of stratigraphic time.Perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.

22、 The potential evolution of todays technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and its perhaps best left to science-fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. Thats one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to t

23、he near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based fo

24、recasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy: while our species may flourish, a great many individuals may not. But we are now

25、knowledgeable enough to mitigate many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. Thinking about our place in deep time is a good way to focus on the challenges that confront us today, and to make a future worth living in.1.Our vision of the

26、 future used to be inspired by （ ）.2.The IUCN “Red List” suggests that human beings are（ ）.3.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?4.To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to（ ）.5.A Which of the following would be the best title for the text?问题1选项A.our desire for fulfillmen

27、tB.our faith in science and technologyC.our awareness of potential risksD.our belief in equal opportunity问题2选项A.a sustained speciesB.the worlds dominant powerC.a threat to the environmentD.a misplaced race问题3选项A.Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.B.Technology offers solutions to soci

28、al problem.C.The interest in science fiction is on the rise.D.Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.问题4选项A.explore our planets abundant resourcesB.adopt an optimistic view of the worldC.draw on our experience from the pastD.curb our ambition to reshape history问题5选项A.Uncertainty about Our FutureB.

29、Evolution of the Human SpeciesC.The Ever-bright Prospects of MankindD.Science, Technology and Humanity【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.判断推理题。第一段指出: Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to

30、 climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to (随着我们对自身所面临的各种从小行星碰撞到流感、气候变化的威胁已更深入地了解，如今乌托邦(即理想中最美好的社会)已变得过时。你甚至可能禁不住地去认为人类几乎没有未来可期待)。因此可推知B项“我们相信科学和技术”正确。2.判断推理题。第二段中: Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptab

31、le, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline(人类分布非常广泛、适应性强、数量正在不断增加且没有任何大的威胁会导致人类总人口的下降，所以人类被列为最不濒危的物种), 因此选A项“一种可持续的物种”。3.细节事实题。第五段指出: Perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate fut

32、ure (或许反常的是相比考虑不久的将来，考虑如此长远的未来可能更容易), 因此选D项“我们不久的将来难以设想”。4.细节事实题。倒数第二段指出: As so often, the past holds the key to the future.(如同经常出现的那样，过去是掌握未来的关键), 因此选C项“利用我们来自过去的经验”。5.主旨大意题。文章指出: 你甚至可能禁不住地去认为人类几乎 没有未来可期待。然而这样的沮丧却是一种错误判断。化石记录表明很多物种已生存了数百万年，因此为何我们人类不可能生存数百万年呢？, 因此C项“人类的前景总是光明”比较适合作文章标题。13. 翻译题In thi

33、s section, there are ten English sentences. Translate them into proper Chinese and write the answers on your answer sheet.I came back yesterday from Hong Kong where I had spent two weeks vacation after the completion of the construction job I had been in charge of in the south.As he walked away, he

34、turned for one last glimpse of her in the doorway, tiny and smiling and waving good-bye.Im lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up.His words failed him for the moment.Theatre will be reinvented and become

35、much freer and more imaginative.Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.For countless ages the sun rose and set, the moon waxed and waned, the stars shone in the night, but it was only with the coming of Man that these things we

36、re understood.Many sketches are in existence of peasants seated by the roadside and men and women at work in the fields.For 20 years we were passive witnesses to the deterioration of prices of our raw materials and an excessive increase of the prices of manufactured goods.The statement declared that

37、 the international economic order must be changed or the gap between developed and developing countries would continue to widen.【答案】我在南方负责一项工程建设，任务完成之后，到香港度了两个星期的假，昨天刚回来。当他离开吋，他回过头来看了她最后一眼。只见她站在门口，体态娇小， 面带微笑，挥手向他告别。只有在我过度劳累的吋候，在我长时间不间断地工作的吋候，在我感到 内心空虚，需要充实的吋候，我才会感到寂寞。他一时说不出话来了。戏剧将脱胎换骨，变得更自由，更富想象力。应该

38、尽最大努力告诫年轻人，特别是上瘾后的可怕后果。太阳升升落落，月亮盈盈亏亏，夜空星光闪烁，无数岁月就这样过去了， 只是到人类出现以后，这些才被理解。至今仍保存着许多素描，画的是坐在路旁的农民和在田间劳作的男女。我们在20年内坐视原料价格下跌与工业品价格暴涨。声明宣称：国际经济秩序必须改变，否则发达国家与发展中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。14. 单选题After several nuclear disasters, a （ ）has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.问题1选项A.quarrelB.suspicionC.controversyD.verd

39、ict【答案】C【解析】句意: 发生几次核灾难之后，关于核能安全的问题引发了一场激烈的争论。名词辨析。quarrel 吵架,口角; suspicion 怀疑,疑心; controversy 争论,辩论; verdict （陪审团的）裁定。故C符合句意。15. 单选题He spoke so （ ）that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.问题1选项A.bluntlyB.convincinglyC.emphaticallyD.determinedly【答案】B【解析】句意: 他讲话非常有说服力以至于连他的对手都被他的论点说服了。副

40、词辨析。Bluntly 直率地; convincingly有说服力地; emphatically强调地; determinedly坚定地。根据后面句意 “以至于连他的对手都被他的论点说服了”判断B符合句意。16. 单选题It was last night（ ） I see the comet.问题1选项A.the timeB.whenC.thatD.whichv【答案】C【解析】句意: 我是昨天晚上看见的彗星。语法题。考查强调句型: It+be+强调部分+that(who/whom)+主谓句。17. 单选题As the train will not leave until one hour l

41、ater, we （ ）grab a bite at the snack bar.问题1选项A.may wellB.just as wellC.might as wellD.as well【答案】C【解析】句意: 既然火车一小时后才开，我们不妨去快餐店吃点东西。固定搭配。might as well不妨，最好。18. 单选题“You （ ）borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend问题1选项A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can【答案】A【解析】句意: 我对我的朋友说“假如你好好保管，你就可以借

42、用我的笔记。”。语法题。考查情态动词。由句中关键词“borrow my notes用我的笔记”与“provided you take care of them假如你照顾他们”的对应知这里表示一种“现实可能性”，故A “could”正确。此外，虽然“can”也可用来表示现在的可能性，但是它一般用在问句或否定句中。should “应该”；must “必须；一定”。19. 单选题The speaker was regarded as a trouble maker because she （ ）the granting of equality to all regardless of race, c

43、olor or sex.问题1选项A.verifiedB.developedC.adoptedD.advocated【答案】D【解析】句意: 这个发言人被当作是一个制造麻烦的人，因为她鼓吹人人平等的理念一无论种族、肤色或者性别。动词辨析。Verified 核实，证实; developed发展; adopted采用; advocated鼓吹某种道德、理念或者思想。根据题目空白处后面所接的宾语“人人平等的理念”可以推断出答案为D。20. 单选题Now the juries, and ultimately the society they speak for, have to find some way to express （ ）at the brutality that women and children face every day.问题1选项A.aggressionB.extenuationC.outrageD.suppression【答案】C【解析】句意: 现在，陪审团以及他们根本上所代表的社会，必须找到一些方法来表达对于妇女和儿童每天所面临的残酷的愤怒。名词辨析。Aggression进攻，侵略; extenuation减轻; outrage愤怒; suppression镇压，抑制。因此C符合句意。