2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷14（含答案解析）

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1、2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题He A had never heard B a word of English C being spoken, though he D had translated a collection of English short stories into Chinese.问题1选项A.hadB.aC.being spokenD.had translated【答案】C【解析】【答案】C【考查点】宾语补足语的用法。【解题思路】hear +宾语+ done属于过去分词作宾补，表示听到宾语被做某事；hear +宾语+ bein

2、g done属于现在分词被动形式作宾补，表示听到宾语正在被做某事。这里的宾语是a word of English（英语），且句子中并不强调正在听到英语被说，即宾语补足语要用过去分词形式，因此本题应将C项改为spoken。【句意】尽管他把一本英文短篇小说集翻译成中文，但从来没听说过有人说英语。2. 单选题Its a _ timetable. Sometime lessons happen, sometimes they dont.问题1选项A.haphazardB.odiousC.haughtyD.handicapped【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. haphazard偶然的；随便的；无计划

3、的 B. odious可憎的，讨厌的C. haughty傲慢的，自大的 D. handicapped残疾的，有生理缺陷的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空缺处部分修饰名词timetable，并且由后文句意“有时有课，有时没课”可知，这个时间表缺乏计划性。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】这是一个随意的时间表。有时有课，有时没课。3. 单选题My friend A teaches English, B literature and C to write at the D state university.问题1选项A.teac

4、hesB.literatureC.to writeD.state university【答案】C【解析】【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】分析句子可知，English（英语）、literature（文学）和to write（写作）都是并列的宾语成分，应该统一为名词，所以to write应该改为writing。【句意】我的朋友在州立大学教英语、文学和写作。4. 单选题The beauty of Hopi painted pottery is known throughout the modern world; so also was it known and highly valued in the

5、aboriginal world of the North American West. Until approximately A.D. 1300 pottery in the Hopi country was simply a regional variation on the wares of other parts of the Pueblo area. Then, with the advent of the fourteenth century, came an artistic explosion. The black-on-white designs, beloved of a

6、rchaeologists but relatively undistinguished, were superseded by brilliant, black-on-orange designs and orange polychromes. These in turn were superseded by black-on-yellow types quite different in design, layout, and execution from any other Pueblo ware. By the addition of red to this, a polychrome

7、 was produced. Its modern counterpart is in constant demand in shops throughout the country. It is called Sikyatki Polychrome after the first major archaeological excavation in the Hopi country.In contrast to the almost exclusively geometric nature of other Pueblo wares, the late prehistoric Hopi ye

8、llows and polychromes are characterized by startling, sweeping curvilinear motifs; bird, animal, floral, and human representations; and religious masks and ceremonial scenes. Their freedom of rendition is completely at variance with the canons of all other prehistoric Pueblo schools of pottery desig

9、n, except for the contemporary Mimbres ware in western New Mexico, which shared some, but far from all of the freedom from established tradition.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?2. The word “it” in the first sentence refers to the _.3. In the first paragraph, what is said about Hopi pottery m

10、ade before A.D. 1300?4. According to the passage, when did the greatest artistic advancement in Hopi pottery take place?5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a design used for Hopi painted pottery?问题1选项A.The techniques used by the Hopi to market pottery.B.The pottery artifacts found in an ar

11、chaeological excavation at Sikyatki.C.The diverse designs and colors used by the Hopi in painting pottery.D.The relation of Hopi pottery to that designed by the Mimbres.问题2选项A.North American WestB.quality of a kind of potteryC.Hopi cultureD.modern world问题3选项A.It was transported ail over the world.B.

12、Its high cost made it difficult to purchase.C.Its black-on-white designs were uncommon.D.It was very similar to other Pueblo pottery.问题4选项A.During the years just prior to the thirteenth century.B.During the first few decades of the thirteenth century.C.In the beginning of the fourteenth century.D.In

13、 the middle of the fourteenth century.问题5选项A.Bird representations.B.Common weapons.C.Ceremonial scenes.D.Human figures.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】1. What does the passage mainly discuss? 1. 这篇文章主要讨论什么？A. The techniques used by the Hopi to market pottery. A. 霍皮人销售陶器的技术。B. The pottery ar

14、tifacts found in an archaeological excavation at Sikyatki. B. 在锡亚特基考古挖掘中发现的陶器。C. The diverse designs and colors used by the Hopi in painting pottery. C. 霍皮人在绘制陶器时使用的各种图案和颜色。D. The relation of Hopi pottery to that designed by the Mimbres. D. 霍皮陶器与明布雷斯人设计的陶器的关系。【答案】C【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】文章第一句指明“霍皮彩陶的美丽在现代

15、世界闻名”，随之，作者介绍了不同时期下霍皮彩陶的特点，包括它们使用的色彩和图案，所以整篇文章主要讨论的就是霍皮人在彩绘陶器中使用的图案和色彩，所以该题选择C选项“霍皮人在绘制陶器时使用的各种图案和颜色”。【干扰项排除】A项“霍皮人销售陶器的技术”，原文没有提到霍皮人的销售技术，该项无中生有；B项“在锡亚特基考古挖掘中发现的陶器”和D项“霍皮陶器与明布雷斯人设计的陶器的关系”只是原文中的某一个方面，不是主要内容，以偏概全。2.【选项释义】2. The word “it” in the first sentence refers to the _. 2. 第一句中的it指的是_。A. North

16、American West A. 北美西部B. quality of a kind of pottery B. 一种陶器的品质C. Hopi culture C. 霍皮文化D. modern world D. 现代世界【答案】B【考查点】词汇推理题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至首段第一句“霍皮彩陶的美丽在现代世界闻名；因此，在北美西部的土著世界也被人们所知并被高度重视”，从中可知，这里的it指的依然是霍皮彩陶，所以该题选择B项“一种陶器的品质”。【干扰项排除】A项“北美西部”由解题思路可知，该项曲解原文；C项“霍皮文化”和D项“现代世界”在该句都没有提及，无中生有。3.【选项释义】3. In t

17、he first paragraph, what is said about Hopi pottery made before A.D. 1300? 3. 在第一段中，关于公元1300年以前的霍皮陶器是怎么说的？A. It was transported ail over the world. A. 它被运往世界各地。B. Its high cost made it difficult to purchase. B. 它的昂贵价格使它很难购买。C. Its black-on-white designs were uncommon. C. 它的黑白设计很少见。D. It was very sim

18、ilar to other Pueblo pottery. D. 它和其他普韦布洛陶器非常相似。【答案】D【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据原文第一段第二句“大约在公元1300年以前，霍皮人国家的陶器仅仅是普韦布洛地区其他地区陶器的区域变种”可知，霍皮陶器是普韦布洛地区其他地区陶器的区域变种，这也就是说霍皮陶器其实和其他普韦布洛陶器相似。因此，该题选择D项“它和其他普韦布洛陶器非常相似”。【干扰项排除】A项“它被运往世界各地”在原文中只在第一段倒数第二句提到“它的现代版（modern counterpart）在全国各地的商店里不断地有需求”，从modern counterpart（现代版）

19、可知这并不是公元1300年以前的事情，该项曲解原文；B项“它的昂贵价格使它很难购买”在原文并没有提到关于霍皮彩陶的价格，该项无中生有；C项“它的黑白设计很少见”，定位第一段第四句“考古学家们钟爱黑白图案，但相对来说并不出众（relatively undistinguished）”可知，黑白图案的设计只是并不出众，而不是很少见，该项曲解原文。4.【选项释义】4. According to the passage, when did the greatest artistic advancement in Hopi pottery take place? 4. 根据这篇文章，霍皮陶器最伟大的艺术进

20、步发生在什么时候？A. During the years just prior to the thirteenth century. A. 在十三世纪之前的几年里。B. During the first few decades of the thirteenth century. B. 在十三世纪的头几十年里。C. In the beginning of the fourteenth century. C. 在十四世纪初。D. In the middle of the fourteenth century. D. 在十四世纪中期。【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据原文第一段第三四

21、句“然后，随着十四世纪的到来，艺术出现了爆炸性的发展（came an artistic explosion）。考古学家们钟爱的黑白图案，但相对来说并不出众，后来被明亮的颜色所代替，出现了彩陶。”可知，十四世纪的到来，霍皮陶器取得了重大进步，这也就是说霍皮陶器最伟大的艺术进步发生在十四世纪早期。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项“在十三世纪之前的几年里”和B项“在十三世纪的头几十年里”根据解题思路可知，这两项属于曲解原文；D项“在十四世纪中期”在原文没有提到，属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a desi

22、gn used for Hopi painted pottery? 5. 以下哪一项没有被提到作为霍皮彩陶的设计？A. Bird representations. A. 鸟禽描绘。B. Common weapons. B. 普通武器。C. Ceremonial scenes. C. 仪式场景。D. Human figures. D. 人体画像。【答案】B【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据原文第二段第一句“与其他普韦布洛人的几乎完全的几何性质相比，史前晚期的霍皮黄陶和彩陶以惊人的、广泛的曲线图案为特征，表现元素多为鸟、动物、花、人类以及宗教面具和仪式场景”可知，霍皮彩陶的图案多为鸟、动物、花

23、、人类以及宗教面具和仪式场景，只有B项“普通武器”没有提及。因此，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项“鸟禽描绘”、C项“仪式场景”和D项“人体画像”由解题思路可知，这三项都是霍皮彩陶的图案，属于反向干扰。5. 单选题The policemen are perambulating the streets.问题1选项A.percolateB.permuteC.perjureD.patrol【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. percolate渗出，过滤 B. permute改变次序，重新排列C. perjure作伪证，破坏誓言 D. patrol巡逻，巡查【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根

24、据关键词policemen（警察）和streets（街道）可推测，划线单词perambulating的意思是“巡逻”。因此，D选项含义与划线部分词义最为接近，故本题正确答案为D选项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项与划线单词的意思不符合。【句意】警察在街上巡视。6. 单选题Most Americans think of vegetarians as a minority, as food faddists. In fact, in this country people who include meat in their diets are the majority; but throughout

25、the world, meat eaters are, and have been, the minority themselves. Though archaeologists can demonstrate that humans have kept animals for food for thousands of years, meat was generally for the rich: the poor in most countries are vegetarians. And the followers of many religions are also vegetaria

26、ns. The Hindus, the Buddhists, the Sufis, and other groups do not eat meat.In fact, religion is a major reason still for choosing a vegetarian diet; many religions teach that eating meat weakens ones spirit. Adam and Eve were told to eat fruits and vegetables, according to Genesis. When Daniel was f

27、acing the lions, he followed a vegetarian diet, so he could remain pure.Other vegetarians believe they are healthier than people who eat meat. Though this has never been scientifically proved, popular works on vegetarian diets often promise better health. There is evidence to show that vegetarians h

28、ave greater stamina, and many people on vegetarian diets live long lives.Some people do not eat meat for economic reasons; meat is expensive and, in many parts of the world, very scarce. The most common reason for choosing a vegetarian diet, though, is the ethical one. Why do humans feel that they m

29、ust kill other beings in order to eat well? Most vegetarians admit that they find eating the flesh of dead animals revolting. In fact, they refer to “flesh-eaters” as we might refer to cannibals and also use the zoo label “carnivore” interchangeably.Because choice of diet is a cultural and ethical m

30、atter, not all vegetarian diets are alike. Ovo-vegetarians eat vegetables, but will allow themselves eggs. The lactovegetarian eats vegetables mainly, but adds dairy foods such as milk and cheese. These two categories of vegetarians feel that eggs and dairy products are permissible; taking these pro

31、ducts does no harm to the cow or chicken. Strict vegetarian ways are represented by the Vegan Society, whose members prefer the label “vegan.” Vegans live “on the products of the plant kingdom.” Not only do vegans avoid meat; they also avoid eggs, honey, and milk in any form. They reason that it is

32、as cruel to rob animals as it is to kill animals.A vegetarian must be careful to maintain a balanced diet; and of course a carnivoreor omnivore, really, because most people in America eat both meat and vegetablesmust be equally careful. Excellent nutrition is important, whether for vegetarians or th

33、e rest of us (many people who eat meat assume their diet is nutritional for that reason alone). No one has ever been able to prove definitely that one diet is more beneficial than the other.The most compelling argument in favor of vegetarianism, however, is vegetarianisms efficiency. The periodical

34、Scientific American estimated in 1976 that there are enough plants to support several times the current world population; but if those plants are first fed to an animal to fatten it for slaughter, there is an 80 percent loss in efficiency by the time a human eats a pound of meat. Every human consume

35、s 260 pounds of food annually to avoid starvation, and there are adequate food crops available to provide that 260 pounds for every one of us. The question is: Do we eat the plants, or do we eat the animal to which we feed them? And do we let someone else go hungry?1. The purpose of this passage is

36、to _.2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true?3. We can conclude from the passage that _.4. The passage suggests that _.5. As used in this passage, the word “faddists” means _.问题1选项A.discuss vegetarianism as a fadB.discuss the ethical reasons for becoming a vegetari

37、anC.discuss the disadvantages of eating meatD.discuss the prevalence and advantages of vegetarianism问题2选项A.Worldwide meat-eaters are in the minority.B.There is some evidence that vegetarians have greater stamina than carnivores.C.All vegetarian diets are essentially alike.D.Ovo-vegetarians eat veget

38、ables and eggs.问题3选项A.vegetarianism could help ease the world food shortageB.lactovegetarians eat only vegetablesC.vegetarians are healthier than people who eat meatD.most people dont eat meat for economic reasons问题4选项A.only poor people become vegetariansB.most religions advocate vegetarianismC.whet

39、her or not vegetarianism is better for the body is still debatableD.vegetables arent as nutritious as meat问题5选项A.opponentsB.people attracted to what is currently fashionableC.fanaticsD.“health nuts”【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】1. The purpose of this passage is to _. 1. 这篇文章的目的是_。A. discu

40、ss vegetarianism as a fad A. 讨论素食主义是一种时尚B. discuss the ethical reasons for becoming a vegetarian B. 讨论成为素食者的道德原因C. discuss the disadvantages of eating meat C. 讨论吃肉的缺点D. discuss the prevalence and advantages of vegetarianism D. 讨论素食主义的流行和优势【答案】D【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】首先，根据首段第二句“事实上，在这个国家，饮食中含有肉类的人占大多数；但在全世

41、界，吃肉的人一直都是少数”，以及末段第一句“然而，支持素食主义最令人信服的理由是素食主义的效率”可知，这篇文章的主题是素食主义；然后看到文章的内容，原文主要介绍的是素食主义流行起来的原因：宗教信仰仍然是选择素食的一个主要原因，有的人认为素食更健康，素食者也有更强的耐力，有些人出于经济原因不吃肉，但更常见的原因是道德方面的原因；由此可见，这篇文章的目的是讨论选择素食流行起来的原因和它的优势。故本题正确答案为D选项“讨论素食主义的流行和优势”。【干扰项排除】A项“讨论素食主义是一种时尚”、B项“讨论成为素食者的道德原因”和C项“讨论吃肉的缺点”只是提及一部分，属于以偏概全。2.【选项释义】2. A

42、ccording to the passage, which of the following statements is not true? 2. 根据短文，下列哪个陈述是不正确的？A. Worldwide meat-eaters are in the minority. A. 在世界范围内，肉食者是少数。B. There is some evidence that vegetarians have greater stamina than carnivores. B. 有证据表明素食者的耐力比食肉动物强。C. All vegetarian diets are essentially ali

43、ke. C. 所有的素食饮食基本上都是一样的。D. Ovo-vegetarians eat vegetables and eggs. D. 蛋素食者吃蔬菜和鸡蛋。【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第五段第一句“因为饮食的选择是一个文化和伦理问题，并不是所有的素食饮食都是一样的”可知，C项“所有的素食饮食基本上都是一样的”表述与原文相反，但符合题干要求，因此该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项“在世界范围内，肉食者是少数”，定位第一段第二句“但在全世界，吃肉的人一直都是少数”可知，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；B项“有证据表明素食者的耐力比食肉动物强”，定位第三段第三句“有证据表明，素食

44、者的耐力更强，而且许多吃素的人寿命更长”可知，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；D项“蛋素食者吃蔬菜和鸡蛋”，定位第五段第二句“蛋素食者吃蔬菜，但会让自己吃鸡蛋”可知，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰。3.【选项释义】3. We can conclude from the passage that _. 3. 从这篇文章我们可以推断_。A. vegetarianism could help ease the world food shortage A. 素食主义可以帮助缓解世界粮食短缺B. lactovegetarians eat only vegetables B. 乳素食者只吃蔬菜C. vegetar

45、ians are healthier than people who eat meat C. 素食者比吃肉的人更健康D. most people dont eat meat for economic reasons D. 大多数人出于经济原因不吃肉【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章最后一段第二和第三句“科学美国人在1976年估计，地球上有足够的植物养活数倍于目前世界人口；但是，如果首先把这些植物喂给动物，使其肥壮以便屠宰，那么当一个人吃下一磅肉时，效率就会损失80%。为了避免饥饿，每个人每年要消耗260磅的食物，而有足够的粮食作物供应我们每个人260磅的食物。”可知，当一个人

46、吃下一磅肉时，农作物利用的效率就会降低80%，为了避免饥饿，每人每年消耗食物260磅，农作物利用的效率大大降低，而多吃素食少吃肉可以有效的利用农作物，留下更多的粮食作物供应人们的需求，所以推断素食主义有利于缓解世界粮食短缺问题。因此，该题选择A项“素食主义可以帮助缓解世界粮食短缺”。【干扰项排除】B项“乳素食者只吃蔬菜”定位至第五段第三句“乳素食者主要吃蔬菜，但也加入牛奶和奶酪等乳制品”可知，该项表述与原文不符，属于曲解原文；C项“素食者比吃肉的人更健康”，根据第三段前两句“其他素食者认为他们比吃肉的人更健康。虽然这一点从未被科学证实过，但关于素食的流行著作往往承诺更健康。”可知，科学从来没有

47、证实素食者比吃肉的人更健康，所以该项属于反向干扰；D项“大多数人出于经济原因不吃肉”，根据第四段前两句“有些人出于经济原因不吃肉；肉很贵，而且在世界上许多地方非常稀缺。然而，选择素食最常见的原因是道德原因。”可知，出于经济原因不吃肉只是一些人，常见的原因还是因为道德，所以该项属于曲解原文。4.【选项释义】4. The passage suggests that _. 4. 这篇文章表明_。A. only poor people become vegetarians A. 只有穷人才会成为素食者B. most religions advocate vegetarianism B. 大多数宗教提倡

48、素食主义C. whether or not vegetarianism is better for the body is still debatable C. 素食主义是否对身体有益仍有争议D. vegetables arent as nutritious as meat D. 蔬菜不如肉有营养【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段前两句“其他素食者认为他们比吃肉的人更健康。虽然这一点从未被科学证实过，但关于素食的流行著作往往承诺更健康。”可知，该段讲到其他素食者认为他们比吃肉的人更健康。但这个观点并未有科学依据，因此素食主义对身体是否有益还值得讨论。所以，该题选择C项“素食

49、主义是否对身体有益仍有争议”。【干扰项排除】A项“只有穷人才会成为素食者”，虽然在原文第一段讲到，大多数国家的穷人都是素食者，但并不表示只有穷人才是素食者，而且在第四段第二句也提到“选择素食最常见的原因是道德原因”，所以该项表述太绝对，属于曲解原文；B项“大多数宗教提倡素食主义”，根据第二段第一句“事实上，宗教仍然是选择素食的主要原因；许多宗教教导说吃肉会削弱人的精神”可知，宗教信仰仍然是选择素食的一个主要原因，但原文并未说明大多数宗教都是提倡素食主义，该项曲解原文；D项“蔬菜不如肉有营养”，根据倒数第二段最后一句“没有人能够确切地证明一种饮食比另一种更有益”可知，蔬菜和肉类的营养在文中并没有

50、得出确切的结果，该项属于曲解原文。5.【选项释义】5. As used in this passage, the word “faddists” means _. 5. 在这篇文章中，faddists这个词的意思是_。A. opponents A. 对手B. people attracted to what is currently fashionable B. 被当下的时尚所吸引的人C. fanatics C. 狂热者D. “health nuts” D. 注重养生的人【答案】B【考查点】词汇推测题。【解题思路】根据关键词faddists定位至原文首句“大多数美国人认为素食者是少数（as a

51、 minority），是食物的faddists”可知，美国人认为素食者是少数，也就是说素食主义是一种新鲜的事物，那么可以推测faddists是指对新鲜事物的一种爱好；且faddists的词根是fad，表示“时尚”，综合理解可推断，faddists表示“被当前时尚吸引的人”，B项“被当下的时尚所吸引的人”与之相符。【干扰项排除】A项“对手”、C项“狂热者”和D项“注重养生的人”由解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。7. 单选题The miserable fate of Enrons employees will be a landmark in business history, one of t

52、hose awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishmen

53、t of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. Its the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promise of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic securityeven comfortfor essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, t

54、hat began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman dayslack of food warmth, shelterwould at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governmen

55、ts created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U. S). Labor unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into to being and offered the possibilityin some cases the promiseof lifeti

56、me employment plus guaranteed pensions. The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s.

57、U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible,

58、and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labor-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security wont provi

59、de social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to define contribution plans, which specify

60、 only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). The significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a persons economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into plan each ye

61、ar and how it gets investedthe two factors that will determine how much its worth when the employee retires.What brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees 401 (k) accounts, That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accoun

62、ts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employees 401 (k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contri

63、butions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the companys problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enrons 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thou