2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第5期

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1、2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Located in the Free Trade Zone, the trade center sells goods imported from Europe, offering nearly 17,000 products from 52（ ）European brands.问题1选项A.well-knownB.overseasC.ready-madeD.counterfeit【答案】A【解析】A选项well-known表示“著名的，众所周知的”；B选项overseas表示“海外的，国外的”；C选项ready-

2、made表示“现成的，做好的，平凡的，陈旧的”；D选项counterfeit表示“仿造的，假冒的”。 分析句子可知，空缺处单词修饰European brands，因此只有A选项最符合句意。故本题正确答案为A选项。句意：该贸易中心位于自由贸易区，销售从欧洲进口的商品，提供来自52个知名欧洲品牌的近17000种产品。2. 单选题It was during the 1920s that the friendship between the two American writers Hemingway and Fitzgerald reached（ ）highest point.问题1选项A.thei

3、rsB.theirC.hisD.its【答案】D【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，原文句子为强调句。从句主语为the friendship，因此后文空缺处所缺形容词性物主代词应选择its。故本题正确答案为D选项。3. 单选题VisitBritain is giving the UKs most loved attractions a Mandarin makeover to（ ）more high-spending Chinese visitors.问题1选项A.lureB.achieveC.reclaimD.exclaim【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项lure表示“

4、诱惑，引诱”，B选项achieve表示“取得，获得，实现，成功”，C选项reclaim表示“开拓，回收利用，改造，抗议”，D选项exclaim表示“呼喊，惊叫，大声说出”。由句意可知，VisitBritain（英国旅游局官网）正在给网站做普通话版本的改版，为的是（ ）更多出手阔绰的中国游客。因此，只有A选项最符合原文句意，故本题正确答案为A选项。4. 单选题“We plan to put the First World War on stage, said the film producer,”（ ）we forget the 16 million men from around the wo

5、rld who left for a real war 100 years ago and never came home.问题1选项A.lestB.whenC.whileD.unless【答案】A【解析】考查连词。lest以防；when当时候；while尽管，当时候；unless除非。句意：“我们计划把第一次世界大战搬上舞台，”这位电影制片人说，“以免我们忘记了来自世界各地的1600万人，他们在100年前参加了一场真正的战争，但再也没能回家。”前半句是结果，后半句是目的，只有A项符合逻辑。5. 单选题Wrestler Jake “The Snake” Robert told TMZ.com

6、that he will（ ）emergency surgery to remove a cancerous tumour.问题1选项A.upholdB.undergoC.transferD.trigger【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项uphold表示“支撑，鼓励，赞成”；B选项undergo表示“经历，经受，忍受”；C选项transfer表示“转让，转移”；D选项trigger表示“触发，引起”。由句意可知，这位摔跤手告诉TMZ.com网站说，他将进行紧急手术，切除癌症肿瘤。因此，只有undergo的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为B选项。6. 单选题The first stro

7、ke guidelines to specifically target women（ ）prevention earlier in life and recognize unique female risks for the disorder, including pregnancy and birth control pills.问题1选项A.neglectB.avoidC.emphasizeD.admire【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。neglect忽视；avoid避免；emphasize强调；admire钦佩，赞美。由“and recognize认识到女性患这种疾病的独特风险”可知_

8、 prevention earlier in life也是积极性的内容，C项符合句意。句意：第一份针对早期预防女性中风的指南强调女性应该早期预防，并认识到女性患中风的独特风险，包括怀孕和避孕药。7. 单选题Secretary Of State Kerry said that its important for people in the world not to（ ）alleged terrorists but to underscore the importance of the rule of law.问题1选项A.sympathize withB.get along withC.refe

9、r toD.respond to【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项sympathize with表示“同情，与产生共鸣”；B选项get along with表示“与和睦相处，取得进展”；C选项refer to表示“参考，涉及，指的是”；D选项respond to表示“响应”。由句意可知，国务卿克里表示，对世界人民来讲，重要的不是同情所谓的恐怖分子，而是要强调法治的重要性。因此，A选项的词义更符合句意，故本题正确答案为A选项。8. 单选题Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year（ ）th

10、an automobile accidents.问题1选项A.seven more timesB.over seven timesC.seven times moreD.seven times【答案】C【解析】考查倍数的表达。由句意可知，吸烟对个人健康的危害如此之大，每年导致的死亡人数是汽车事故的7倍。而倍数的常用表达形式为：A+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B，由此可知，本题正确答案为C选项。9. 单选题Police and landlords in Wincanton and Caste Cary have united to send a very clear message th

11、at drugs will not be（ ）in the towns, after traces of Class A substances were discovered on pub premises.问题1选项A.transportedB.tightenedC.toleratedD.threatened【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。transported运输的；tightened 变紧的；tolerated 可接纳的 ； threatened受到威胁的。句意：在酒吧场所发现a类物质的踪迹后，Wincanton和Caste Cary的警察和酒吧老板联合发出了一个非常明确的信息，即镇上

12、将不再容许毒品。C项符合句意。10. 单选题If a school posts a students name and test score without obtaining student（or parental）consent, it can（ ）FERPA, a federal law that protects the privacy of student education records.问题1选项A.verifyB.vilifyC.violateD.vibrate【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项verify表示“核实，查证”；B选项vilify表示“诽谤，中伤，轻视”

13、；C选项violate表示“违反，侵犯”；D选项vibrate表示“振动，颤动，摇摆”。由句意可知，如果学校在没有得到学生（或家长）同意的情况下公布学生的姓名和考试成绩，它就违反了联邦法律。因此，violate的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。11. 单选题The Department of Transportation and Communications（DOTC. will（ ）the purchase of 48 new Light Rail Vehicles（LRV）for the Metro Rail Transit（MRT）.问题1选项A.proceed withB.pr

14、oceed fromC.prevail overD.preside over【答案】A【解析】A选项proceed with表示“继续进行”；B选项proceed from表示“从出发”；C选项prevail over 表示“胜过，占优势”；D选项preside over表示“主持，负责”。由原句句意可知，交通运输部（DOTC.将为地铁（MRT）（ ）_采购48辆新的轻轨车辆（LRV）。所以，只有A选项最符合原文句意。故本题正确答案为A选项。12. 单选题Even though Cochran beat McDaniel by more 6,000 votes in the national

15、election, the latter didnt（ ）, complaining that African Americans voting for Cochran lost him the race.问题1选项A.tangleB.concedeC.tormentD.stalk【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项tangle表示“（和）争吵；打架；使缠结在一起”；B选项concede表示“让步，承认，退让”；C选项torment表示“折磨，痛苦，捉弄”；D选项stalk表示“追踪，偷偷接近”。根据even though可判断前后两句为让步关系，由后文“complaining that

16、 African Americans voting for Cochran lost him the race”可知，McDaniel抱怨是非洲裔美国人投票给Cochran才导致他输掉了竞选，说明他依然对这件事耿耿于怀，可见他并不承认失败。因此，本题正确答案为B选项。13. 单选题Together with other activities（1）ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic（such as music or dance）, painting was one of the earliest way

17、s in which man（2）to express his own personality and his（3）understanding of an existence beyond the material world.（4）music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction（5）the 15，000-ye

18、ar-old cave murals of Lascaux some examples（6）to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, like other arts， exhibits universal qualities that（7）for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major（8）examples of early painting anywhe

19、re in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5，000 years ago， the areas in which important paintings were executed（9）to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions.（10），Western shared a European cultural tradition the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and， l

20、ater， the countries of the New World.Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration（11）the representation of the human（12）， whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance（13）this tradition through a（14

21、）examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance， harmony， and perspective in the visible world， linking painting（15）the developing sciences of anatomy and optics. The first real（16）from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries. T

22、he landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly（17）“painterly” qualities of the（18）of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling. In the 20th century these interests（19）to the development of a third major tradit

23、ion in Western painting， abstract painting， which sought to（20）and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.问题1选项A.may have beenB.that may haveC.may haveD.that may have been问题2选项A.seekB.soughtC.seek forD.sought for问题3选项A.emergingB.emergencyC.mergingD.merger问题4选项A.AsB.Unl

24、ikeC.LikeD.Since问题5选项A.fromB.toC.intoD.for问题6选项A.ratifyB.testifyC.certifyD.gratify问题7选项A.make easyB.make it easyC.make hardD.make it hard问题8选项A.extinctB.extentC.extantD.exterior问题9选项A.had shiftedB.have shiftedC.shiftingD.shifted问题10选项A.NeverthelessB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Therefore问题11选项A.toB.inC.onD.fo

25、r问题12选项A.figureB.shapeC.shadowD.form问题13选项A.extractedB.extendedC.extortedD.extruded问题14选项A.closingB.closeC.closedD.closure问题15选项A.onB.forC.inD.to问题16选项A.breakB.breakageC.breakdownD.breaking问题17选项A.concerned withB.concerningC.concerning withD.concerned for问题18选项A.reactionB.actionC.interactionD.relati

26、on问题19选项A.distributedB.attributedC.contributedD.construed问题20选项A.discoverB.uncoverC.recoverD.cover【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A第6题:B第7题:B第8题:C第9题:D第10题:D第11题:C第12题:A第13题:B第14题:B第15题:D第16题:A第17题:A第18题:C第19题:C第20题:B【解析】1.考查语法。根据下文的“but have come to ”可知此空应该也使用完成时态，并且引导定语从句，故D项符合。2.考查动词辨析。seek为及物动词，soug

27、ht为seek的过去式和过去分词，seek to do sth试图做某事。根据该句中的was可确定时态为过去时，故用sought。3.考查形近词辨析。emergency 紧急事情;merging合并；merger合并；emerging understanding新兴的观点。4.考查上下文逻辑关系。根据上下文可知，该句将painting与music和dance进行对比，故unlike符合。5.考查固定搭配。derive from来源于，从中得到。6.考查形近词辨析。testify to 证明，作证。ratify批准；certify担保，保证；gratify满足。句意：一些例子证明这些早期的艺术家

28、具有相当大的制图能力。7.考查语法。make it easy使容易；句意：会话，与其他艺术一样，展现了一些使所有国家和文明的观赏者容易理解和欣赏的品质。8.考查形近词辨析。extinct灭绝；extent范围，长度；extant现存的；exterior外在的。该句表示在西欧和苏联找到了世界上现存的早期绘画作品。9.考查时态。由上文的5000 years ago可知该句应该用过去时，故D项正确。10.考查逻辑关系。根据上下文内容可知，前后两句属于因果关系，故用therefore。11.考查固定搭配。concentrate on集中于。12.考查名词辨析。human figure人物的身材。13.

29、考查形近词辨析。extract提取；extend延伸，扩展；extort勒索；extrude挤压。句意：文艺复兴使该传统延续。14.考查语法。close examination详细检验；closure关闭，终止。15.考查词组辨析。linkto联系16.考查动词辨析。break 打破，突破；breakage破坏，破损；breakdown故障，崩溃；breaking破坏，阻断。句意：真正的从象征艺术的突破是在18世纪随着风景画的发展产生的。故A项符合句意。17.考查固定搭配。be concerned with 关注，涉及；只有A项形式正确。18.考查名词辨析。reaction反应；action行

30、动，活动；interaction相互作用；relation关系。该句表示颜色和光线的相互作用，故C项正确。19.考查动词辨析。contribute to 对有贡献；distribute分发，分配；attribute to 归因于；construe 理解，习惯上虞with连用。只有C项符合句意。句意：20世界的这些兴趣对西方会话的第三种主要传统有贡献。20.考查形近词辨析。cover 包括，采访；uncover揭示秘密，发现；recover 恢复，重新获得；covet垂涎。只有B项符合题意，句意：抽象画寻求通过形式和行动来解释和表达绘画的本质。14. 单选题Understanding the f

31、lexibility of a prospective partners negotiated deals terms provides critical insight into the negotiation process （ ）what you can expect to achieve during the negotiation of terms.问题1选项A.in terms ofB.in case ofC.in favor ofD.in view of【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。in terms of依据，在方面；in case of以免；in favor of有利于，支持

32、；in view of鉴于，考虑到。句意：从谈判的过程中，你期待能实现的事情的方面，了解潜在合作伙伴的谈判条件的灵活性为谈判过程提供了重要的视角。空格后的内容是谈判的一方面，故A项正确。15. 单选题No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead.There have been and may again be great individual

33、thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually active people. Where there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed, where the discussion of the greatest questions which can occupy humanity is co

34、nsidered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally high scale of mental activity which has made some periods of history so remarkable. Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundati

35、ons and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings.She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that. Her reasons may be good, and no one may have been able to refute them. But if she is equally unable to r

36、efute the reasons of the opposite side, if she does not so much as know what they are, she has no ground for preferring either opinion. The rational position for her would be suspension of judgment, and unless she contents herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the genera

37、lity of the world, the side to which she feels the most inclination. Nor is it enough that she should hear the arguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as they state them, and accompanied by what they offer as refutations. That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bring

38、 them into real contact with her own mind. She must be able to hear them from persons who actually believe them, who defend them in earnest, and do their very utmost for them. She must know them in their most plausible and persuasive form: she must feel the whole force of the difficulty which the tr

39、ue view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she will never really possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and removes that difficulty. Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called educated persons are in this condition; even of those who can argue fluently for their opini

40、ons. Their conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything they know: they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of those who think differently from them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they do not, in any proper sense of the word, know t

41、he doctrines which they themselves profess.1. According to the author, it is always advisable to（ ）.32. According to the author, in a great period such as the Renaissance we may expect to find（ ）.3. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?4. According to the author, the pe

42、rson who -holds orthodox beliefs without examination maybe described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as（ ）.5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?问题1选项A.be acquainted with the arguments favoring the point of vie

43、w with which one disagreesB.adopt the point of view to which one feels the most inclinationC.have opinions which cannot be refutedD.suspend heterodox speculation in favor of doctrinaire approaches问题2选项A.acceptance of truthB.controversy over principlesC.inordinate enthusiasmD.a dread of heterodox spe

44、culation问题3选项A.Most educated people study both sides of a question.B.The majority of those who argue eloquently truly know only one side of an issue.C.In debatable issues, we should rely on the opinions of the experts for guidance.D.Heterodox speculation will lead to many unnecessary errors of think

45、ing.问题4选项A.enslaved by traditionB.less than folly rationalC.having a closed mindD.determined on controversy问题5选项A.A truly great thinker makes no mistakes.B.The refutation of accepted ideas can best be provided by ones own teachers.C.Periods of intellectual achievement are periods of unorthodox refle

46、ctionD.excessive controversy prevents clear thinking.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.判断推理题。由第三段“That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bring them into real contact with her own mind. She must be able to hear them from persons who actually believe them, who defend them in earnest,

47、and do their very utmost for them. She must know them in their most plausible and persuasive form: she must feel the whole force of the difficulty which the true view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she will never really possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and re

48、moves that difficulty. 这不是公正对待这些论点的方法，也不是让它们与她自己的思想真正接触的方法。她必须能够听到那些真正相信这些论点的人的声音，那些真诚地为这些论点辩护的人的声音，那些竭尽全力为这些论点辩护的人的声音。她必须以最似是而非、最具说服力的形式来认识这些问题:她必须感受到对问题的真实看法所必须面对和处理的困难的全部力量;否则，她将永远无法真正掌握真理的那一部分，从而克服并消除那个困难。据此可知作者认为如果一个人只知道自己的观点而不关心对立观点，不倾听对立观点的声音，那么就很难获得真理。”作者用了三个must表明正确的做法是什么，从中我们了解到正确做法就是要熟悉那些

49、你不赞成的观点。故A项正确。2.判断推理题。由第二段“There have been and may again be great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slaveryWhere there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed, where the discussion of the greatest questions which can occupy humanity is considered to be closed

50、, we cannot hope to find that generally high scale of mental activity which has made some periods of history so remarkable. 在精神奴役的普遍氛围中，曾经有，而且可能会再次出现伟大的个人思想家。但是，在那种气氛中，从来没有，也永远不会有一个思想活跃的民族。在那里有一种不成文的惯例，即原则是不容置疑的，对那些可以占据人类的最伟大的问题的讨论被认为是封闭的，我们就不能指望发现使某些历史时期如此非凡的普遍的大规模精神活动。”文艺复兴是属于思想活动的顶峰，必然会讨论原则问题。所以B

51、项正确。3.细节事实题。由第三段最后部分“Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called educated persons are in this condition; even of those who can argue fluently for their opinions. Their conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything they know: they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of

52、those who think differently from them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they do not, in any proper sense of the word, know the doctrines which they themselves profess. 百分之九十九的所谓受过教育的人处于这种状态;甚至那些能够流利地为自己的观点辩护的人。他们的结论可能是正确的，但也可能他们所知道的一切都是错误的。他们从未把自己置于与他们想法不同的人的心理位置上，也从

53、未考虑过这些人可能会说些什么;所以结果是他们不知道他们自己所信奉的教条的真正的意义。”由此可知A项与之相反，B项与之相符，故B项正确。CD两项文中没有提及。4.判断推理题。题干问那些持有未经检验的正统信仰的人没有以下哪项特征。A项：为传统所奴役；B项： 不怎么理智；C项：头脑闭塞；D项：对辩论是坚决的。一般来说，持有未经检验的正统信仰的人不会独立思考，更不会怀疑他所信仰的东西。故ABC三项都是这种人的特点。5.判断推理题。A项“ 一个真正的思想家不犯错误”；B项“对公认观点的驳斥最好由自己的老师来提供。”C项“智力成就的时期是非正统思考的时期”； D项“ 过度的辩论会制止清晰的思考。”由第二段

54、可知历史上思想活动的顶峰时期如文艺复兴时期，各大学派互相辩论，使思想摩擦出火花，使文艺复兴成为文化运动的顶峰。故C项“智力成就的时期是非正统思考的时期”正确。16. 单选题Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family

55、 leave starting in 2011. I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the news here in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 wee

56、ks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management and a dangerous precedent. In fact, every step of the way, a

57、s（usually）Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for.

58、 In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is no exit when it comes to children. Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive,

59、 intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expectsand needsparents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed.While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What paren

60、ts do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children welfare, yet parents receive little help in meet

61、ing the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue（不断积累）to the whole of society as today

62、s children become tomorrows productive citizenry（公民）.In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money（including lost wages）, is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits-as they clearly dothe b