2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷41（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Love and friendship have much（1）. If two persons are to be（2）, they must find contentment in each others（3）, suffer pain in each others failure, and（4）pleasure in each others success. Each must find（5）the mood and temperament of the other something（6）and con

2、genial. But any deep and permanent friendshipa larger common area than romantic love. Notoriously, the prince may fall in love with the chorus girl when the two have almost（8）in common. But friendships are based（9）, on common interests in a project, an art, or a cause; one thinks of Marks and Engels

3、, Cobden and Bright, Gilbert and Sullivan, the Mayo brothers, Weber and Fields.Still, common interests by themselves will not（10）friendship and many co-workers have been（11）and enemies.（12）about values, about things, admired and liked and（14）. It is not（15）if, whenever we grow enthusiastic about dan

4、cing or music or flying or science, our companion can only say, “Sorry, but I（16）all that detestable.”（17）of the blessings of friendship is that it supplies a sounding-board which,（18）our own delights, makes them greater. And by a happy correlative law, sorrows when shared grow less. Friends（19）each

5、 other like the sides of an arch; they gain（20）, security, reassurance in failure, added happiness in success, and a large increment of courage merely from facing things side by side.问题1选项A.in commonB.differencesC.differentiationsD.to learn问题2选项A.professorsB.friendsC.studentsD.competitors问题3选项A.atti

6、tudeB.personalityC.companyD.emergency问题4选项A.makeB.rakeC.fakeD.take问题5选项A.forB.inC.atD.on问题6选项A.strangeB.exclusiveC.destructiveD.attractive问题7选项A.calls forB.calls onC.calls offD.calls down问题8选项A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything问题9选项A.as a ruleB.by ruleC.to a ruleD.with a rule问题10选项A.guardB.gu

7、aranteeC.growD.grease问题11选项A.rivalsB.collaboratorsC.dedicatorsD.keepers问题12选项A.AB.NoC.FullD.Few问题13选项A.face to faceB.from mouth to mouthC.eye to eyeD.nose to nose问题14选项A.dislikingB.dislikedC.to dislikeD.dislike问题15选项A.featuredB.featheredC.furtheredD.fettered问题16选项A.locateB.provideC.findD.sustain问题17

8、选项A.AnyB.SomeC.NoneD.One问题18选项A.in echoingB.in writingC.in drawingD.in making问题19选项A.produceB.fortifyC.yieldD.abuse问题20选项A.irritationB.silenceC.suspicionD.contentment【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:A第9题:A第10题:B第11题:A第12题:C第13题:C第14题:B第15题:C第16题:C第17题:D第18题:A第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）固定搭配。have st

9、h. in common在.有共同点。故选择A。（2）逻辑衔接。根据上文提到的friendship可以推出填空处应该为friends, 所以选项B正确。（3）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。成为朋友的两个人, 要对彼此的个性感到满意。（4）take pleasure为固定搭配, 指获得快乐。（5）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。将句子调整一下顺序便能理解了, 句意为：在彼此的性格中去寻找共同点, 选项B正确。（6）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文可知, 填空处填入的词应与congenial（意气相投）意思相近, 所以选项D符合原文。（7）逻辑衔接、词义辨析。call for需求, 需要；call on拜访, 请求；cal

10、l off取消；call down招致, 责骂。根据原文, 任何深厚且永恒的友谊都需要比浪漫爱情有更多的相同之处。选项A符合原文。（8）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文, 王子和合唱队的女孩几乎没有没有共同点。（9）逻辑衔接、词义辨析。as a rule通常, 一般说来；by rule墨守成规地, 按照规则地；选项C、D没有这种用法；填空处为插入语, 所以选项A更符合原文。（10）语义衔接、词义辨析。guard保卫, 监视；guarantee保证, 确保；grow生长；grease贿赂。根据原文：然而, 他们之间共同的兴趣也不能保证友谊长存。选项B符合原文。（11）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文可知

11、, 填空处应填入与enemies意思相近的词。rivals竞争对手；collaborators合作者；dedicators奉献者, 献身者；keepers看护人。选项A正确。（12）逻辑衔接。根据原文可推断, 这里应该指完全意义上的友谊。（13）语义衔接。See eye to eye为固定搭配, 意为看法一致, 意见相同 。（14）语义衔接。and连接的两个词, 形式需保持一致。根据前面的“liked”,可知后面应该为“disliked”,选项B正确。（15）语义衔接, 词义辨析。根据下文的内容, 当我们都某些东西很感兴趣的时候, 朋友却感到厌恶, 那么友谊就不会进一步发展。所以选项C符合句意

12、。（16）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文, 这里应该指：我感觉/发现这一切都很无聊, 选项C符合原文。sustain指维持, 支撑。（17）语法、固定搭配。根据后面的谓语动词is可首先排除选项A和B。根据原文, 这里指友谊的一个好处是.。（18）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文：友谊的好处之一是它提供了一个音板, 在对我们自身的快乐做出回应时, 使它们变得更伟大。（19）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据下文“like the sides of an arch”可知这里应该选fortify加固、巩固。produce生产；yield产生；abuse滥用。（20）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据下文的security,

13、reassurance可知填空处应填入意义相近的词。选项D符合。 irritation恼火；silence沉默；suspicion怀疑。2. 单选题You must read between the lines to get the（）meaning.问题1选项A.unanimousB.underlyingC.ultimateD.universal【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。unanimous意见相同的,全体一致的；underlying潜在的；ultimate最终的,根本的；universal普遍的,通用的。句意：你必须从字里行间去领会其深层含义。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题Henrys n

14、ews report covering the conference was so（）that nothing had been omitted.问题1选项A.clearB.integratedC.comprehensiveD.understandable【答案】C【解析】词义辨析题。句意：亨利关于这次会议的新闻报道非常全面,没有遗漏任何东西。选项C符合句意。4. 单选题Too much（）to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.问题1选项A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.conta

15、ctD.exposure【答案】D【解析】词汇题。disclosure披露,揭发；exhibition展览,显示；contact接触,联系；exposure暴露,曝光。句意：过度暴露在x射线下会导致皮肤灼伤、癌症或对身体造成其他伤害。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题She suggested that the expedition be（）with the latest scientific equipment.问题1选项A.afflictedB.permeatedC.paddledD.outfitted【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。afflicted折磨、使痛苦；permeate渗透、弥漫；pa

16、ddled划桨；outfitted配备、机构。句意：她建议探险队配备最新的科学设备。选项D符合句意。6. 单选题We hadnt enough money to pay our bus fare, and in（）we had to walk.问题1选项A.particularB.consequenceC.possessionD.succession【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。particular特别的，特色；consequence结果，因此；possession拥有，所有；succession接连，避承权。句意：我们没有足够的钱卖车票，所以只能步行。选项B符合句意。7. 单选题Earthq

17、uakes are natures crudest（1）on the poorest people who squat on the surface of the globe. The dreadful catastrophe in southwestern India will be（2）in the heart and（3）the conscience of the rest of the world for a long time（4）. There is no way of preventing the tremors (震动)within the Earth（5）cause its

18、surface to（6）. And, for the time（7）, there is no sure way of predicting（8）. But, if earthquakes are（9）events, this is not true of the devastating（10）which have accompanied so many recent ones. The effect of a quake would be（11）inspection. But they are not, because earthquakes mainly happen in develo

19、ping countries which cannot afford to（12）structures of the correct standard. In some earthquake-prone regions, like the Himalayas, deforestation(滥伐)has even robbed the inhabitants of the degree of natural（13）Most damage is（14）by the collapse of weak structures and the fires that（15）as a result. Duri

20、ng the Egyptian earthquake of 1992 a large proportion of the（16）were killed by stamping when they panicked（17）18）had they known what to do. In Tokyo, people often dont take（19）notice of an earthquake because of the careful preparation and education（20）over years.问题1选项A.revengeB.attackC.grabD.clash问题

21、2选项A.embeddedB.ignoredC.presentedD.distracted问题3选项A.inB.onC.withD.for问题4选项A.comingB.to be comingC.to have comeD.to come问题5选项A.whatB.whetherC.whichD.where问题6选项A.whisperB.vibrateC.slopeD.corrode问题7选项A.beingB.nowC.goingD.up问题8选项A.somethingB.themC.anyD.it问题9选项A.unaccountableB.unacceptableC.unavoidableD.

22、unperceivable问题10选项A.expectationsB.nightmaresC.remnantsD.consequences问题11选项A.subject toB.accessible toC.available toD.opposed to问题12选项A.locateB.erectC.makeD.put问题13选项A.damageB.preservationC.destructionD.protection问题14选项A.relievedB.settledC.foundD.triggered问题15选项A.break upB.break downC.break outD.bre

23、ak into问题16选项A.criminalsB.followersC.believersD.victims问题17选项A.in case ofB.regardless ofC.in the wake ofD.in stead of问题18选项A.survivedB.savedC.livedD.moved问题19选项A.noB.muchC.littleD.some问题20选项A.taughtB.measuredC.imbuedD.integrated【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C第6题:B第7题:A第8题:B第9题:D第10题:D第11题:A第12题:B第13题:

24、D第14题:D第15题:C第16题:D第17题:C第18题:A第19题:B第20题:C【解析】 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTablemso-style-name:普通表格;mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-parent:;mso-padding-alt:0cm

25、 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso-para-margin:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;（1）revenge报复；attack攻击；grab攫取, 霸占；clash冲突。根据句子的意思“对于生活在地球上最贫穷的人们来说，地震是大自然最残酷的报复。 选项A符合原文。（2）embedded植入的，嵌入的；ignored忽视的；presented呈现的；distracted分散的。根据原文句意：印

26、度西南部的可怕灾变将在中心分散，选项D符合句意。（3）with在这里表伴随。意为随着.（4）根据上题的with表伴随可知这里应该用动名词形式。选项A正确。（5）语法题。which引导限定性定语从句, 指代前面的tremors一词。（6）辨析题。whisper低声说出；vibrate颤动；slope倾斜；corrode侵蚀。根据句意：地球内部震动而导致地球表面的颤动是无法阻止的。这里说的是地震，所以选项B符合原文。（7）for the time being为固定搭配，表示目前。 根据原文：目前仍然没有确定的方法能够预测地震。选项A正确。（8）细节判断题。这里的them指代earthquakes。

27、（9）辨析题。unaccountable不可理解的；unacceptable不能接受的、unavoidable不能避免的；unperceivable不能察觉的。这里指地震是不易察觉到的事件，选项D符合原文。（10）辨析题。expectations预期；nightmares噩梦；remnants遗迹；consequence结果。根据原文：如果说地震是无法感知的事件，那么最近伴随地震而来的毁灭性结果都是不准确的。选项D符合句意。（11）辨析题。subject to取决于；accessible to易接近的；available to可能；opposed to相对。根据句意：震动的影响将取决于检查。

28、选项A符合句意。（12）辨析题。根据原文：因为地震主要发生在发展中国家，这些国家无法负担建造符合标准的建筑。选项B符合句意。（13）辨析题。根据句意：滥伐甚至剥夺了居民们受自然保护的程度。选项D符合句意。（14）辨析题。relieved减轻；settled安置；triggered引发，触发。根据句意：大多数破坏都是由脆弱结构的倒塌引起的。选项D符合原文。（15）辨析题。break up打破；break down分解；break out爆发；break into破门而入。这里指爆发火灾，选项C正确。（16）criminals罪犯；followers追随者；believers信徒；victims受

29、害者。根据原文可知这里指地震的受害者，选项D正确。（17）辨析题。in case of万一；regardless of不顾；in the wake of随之而来的，作为.的结果；instead of代替。根据原文：大部分的受害者都是在遇到不明白的事情后，由于惊慌失措被踩踏致死的。选项C符合原文。（18）辨析题。根据原文：假如他们知道该怎么做的话，他们就可以存活下来。survived指幸存，所以选项A符合原文。（19）dont take much notice指不太关注。句意：在东京，人们通常不太关注地震。选项B符合原文。（20）辨析题。taught教；measured评估；imbued灌输；i

30、ntegrated整合。根据原文可知，这里指日本人长期被灌输地震的预防与教育思想。选项C符合原文。8. 单选题Mr. Smith is supposed（）for Italy last week.问题1选项A.to have leftB.having leftC.to leaveD.to be leaving【答案】A【解析】语法题。be supposed to do sth.为固定用法,意为应该做某事,所以首先排除选项B。选项A表示“已经离开”,选项C表示“准备离开”,选项D表示“正在离开”。根据句意：史密斯先生应该上个星期就已经离开去意大利了,选项A符合句意。9. 单选题The estab

31、lishment of Earth Day began with an idea proposed in October 1969 by John McConnell, a San Francisco resident. McConnell approached the San Francisco Board of Supervisors with a resolution to devote one day a year to public awareness dedicated to nature and the weak ecosystem that makes up it. The d

32、ays events would emphasize the urgency of all inhabitants of the planet to take responsibility for building a healthy and ecologically sustainable planet for the present and long into the future. The board was impressed with McConnells idea and declared Earth Day an annual celebration to be held on

33、March 21, the date of the vernal equinox. McConnell stated “This is the moment when night and day are equal throughout the earthreminding us of Earths beautiful system of balance which humanity has partially upset and must restore.” Earth day was established as a national day of celebration in the U

34、nited States in 1970 and was embraced by the United Nations in 1971 when it declared an Earth Day ceremony to be held each year on the day of the March Equinox. When the first Earth Day was celebrated in the United States on April 22, 1970, twenty million participants nationwide took part in teach-i

35、ns, street demonstrations, and workshops in 2,000 communities and 12,000 colleges and high school campuses. The major public concern at that time was industrial pollution and its effect on the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the health of the planet was live in. those celebrations led to pow

36、erful public outcries for legislation mandating ecologically sound environmental policies and rigid controls on industrial pollution. Over the years, the issues of concern have expanded greatly into aspects of air, water, soil, and noise pollution. Whether it comes from vehicles, factories, agricult

37、ure, housing, or private property, public concern and activism continues with citizens from around the world involved in efforts to achieve a sustainable and enduring ecosystem.Earth Day activities are supported and sponsored by a large network of organizations, government agencies, businesses, univ

38、ersities, and institutions. They work diligently each year to make Earth day events meaningful and relevant to the inhabitants of Planet Earth. The regular observance of this holiday fixes environmental values into the national consciousness and provides an opportunity to introduce environmental iss

39、ues into schools, media and public events. It should be noted that Earth Day activities have been instrumental in bringing about many of the significant environmental changes that have taken place in the last three decades.1.This passage is mainly concerned with（）2.According to the passage, on March

40、 21, （）3.Which of the following dates is definitely an international Earth Day?4.Which of the following statements is correct?5.It can be concluded that（）问题1选项A.how to start a national holidayB.when the Earth day was introducedC.the reasons for establishing the Earth DayD.the origin and movement of

41、the Earth Day问题2选项A.the board accepted the proposal of McConnellB.the United Nations declared an Earth Day celebrationC.day and night are equally divided throughout the worldD.the earth is at its most beautiful moment throughout the year问题3选项A.October 1, 1969.B.March 21, 1970.C.April 22, 1970.D.Marc

42、h 21, 1972.问题4选项A.Only college students and scholars participated in the activities on the first Earth Day.B.The movement has grown from concern over industrial pollution to all kinds of environmental pollution.C.Some people cry for the abandonment of all vehicles and agriculture because of their po

43、llution.D.A sustainable and enduring ecosystem should be maintained at the cost of housing and private property.问题5选项A.many organizations and businesses suffer vast losses as a result of Earth Day campaignB.people have learned to use Earth Day activities as instrument to acquire what they wantC.supp

44、orters work hard to make the whole nation aware of Earth Day events by publicizing them in mediaD.Earth Day activities have succeeded in changing our environment over the past years【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 第一段主要是讲世界地球日的由来以及活动；第二段主要是讲地球日活动举办的意义。所以选项D正确。选项A表述错误, 选项B和 C不全面。2.细节事

45、实题。根据关键词定位到第一段第四句“The board was impressed with McConnells idea and declared Earth Day an annual celebration to be held on March 21, the date of the vernal equinox.”可知3月21号是春分。然后接下来的一句话“This is the moment when night and day are equal throughout the earth.”说明春分这一天地球上昼夜时长相等。所以选项C正确。3.细节事实题。根据第一段中“Earth

46、 day was established.on the day of the March Equinox.”可知, 1971年, 联合国宣布每年3月春分那天举行地球日庆祝活动, 地球日因此受到联合国的欢迎。但是每年的春分在阳历里面的日子是不固定的, 所以并不是每年的3月21号都是地球日。根据下文“When the first Earth Day was celebrated in the United States on April 22, 1970,”可知, 1970 年 4 月 22 号是美国庆祝的第一个地球日。所以选项C正确。4.细节事实题。根据第一段可知, 第一次地球日活动有两千万人参

47、与, 但并没有说只是学生和教员, only表述错误, 选项A错误。第一段的倒数第二句“Over the years, the issues of concern have expanded greatly into aspects of air, water, soil, and noise pollution.”可知, 人们关心的问题已扩展到空气、水、土壤和噪音污染等方面。所以选项B符合原文。选项C和D在文中都没提及。5.判断推理题。选项A文中只提到很多组织和公司都在支持地球日活动, 并没有提及他们因活动造成了巨大损失。选项B人们庆祝地球日不是为了自己的利益, 而是为了生态环保, 表述错误。

48、选项C原文提到三种手段, 所以这里表达不全面。选项D符合原文最后一句话, 正确。10. 单选题When Mr. Li writes an article, he always keep several dictionaries（）.问题1选项A.under his handsB.by handC.out of handD.at hand【答案】D【解析】词组辨析题。by hand用手；out of hand脱手、无法控制；at hand在手边。句意：李先生写文章时，手边总有几本词典。选项D符合句意。11. 单选题Peter and David have not been on speaking

49、 terms recently. They（）about something.问题1选项A.should quarrelB.might quarrelC.could have quarreledD.must have quarreled【答案】D【解析】考查推测。根据句意：彼得和大卫最近关系不好。他们一定是为了什么事吵架了。表示肯定的推测用must，选项D正确。12. 单选题The notes above were set down for a lecture in 1967, and I find myself now making a few changes to bring them u

50、p to date, none of much consequence.（1）I see the case now, there is one point these old notes seem to be driving（2）which never quite gets articulated but which（3）a lot for me these days. It seems（4）, in fact; and especially so perhaps in view of the present condition of American poetry. Far more tha

51、n the reality of the scene, which I nonetheless highly prize, I would call（5）now to the absolute purity of style achieved in this little masterpiece, and effortlessly achieved,（6）to be equaled even by Williams. Other poems by Williams - certainly poems by other poets are much richer（7）what they enco

52、mpass;（8）vision is deeper and the character of the poet stands as a more affecting human presence. Often enough the language is more（9）. But this poem is perfectly said. Lean, streamlined; and there is（10）extra, no excrescence, no excess, no showing off; nor indeed any shortcoming whatever. We have（

53、11）we see; we have it exactly Art can aspire higher and no doubt, at times, should.（12）not always. I think of Wang Wei: the Chinese effect in general, here（13）. I begin to understand how a critic like Winters can argue that the brief lyric may be greater than a complete tragedy,lyric can hope for pe

54、rfection, a(n)（15）wholeness and unity. One of Williams many admirers has written（16）“Between Walls” that since “there is no living thing in the poem - just a mockery of the color of growing plants - the feeling of the poem is . sterile and airless.” But this opinion can only be the result of an absu

55、rd prejudice, probably got up out of some all（17）simple understanding of the organic and the natural. There is no mockery in this green: imitation, yes, and, one might（18）suggest, a certain pathos and bravery in the imitation. There is more to（19）than that, but there is, just glintingly, that. Meanw

56、hile we do have also, thanking the muse of reality, pieces of a broken bottle, the real thing, as good as（20）green leaf here.问题1选项A.AsB.ThoughC.AndD.Because问题2选项A.toB.throughC.inD.at问题3选项A.acknowledgesB.calculatesC.makesD.counts问题4选项A.crucialB.impossibleC.mediocreD.unnecessary问题5选项A.forthB.mindC.attentionD.back问题6选项A.alreadyB.rarelyC.surelyD.actually问题7选项A.onB.toC.inD.from问题8选项A.theirB.itsC.whoseD.its问题9选项A.vulgarB.virtuousC.brilliantD.favorable问题10选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything问题11选项A.thatB.whatC.whichD.and问题12选项A.SoB.ButC.ThusD.For问题13选项A